## Fixtures

### Basic Fixture Usage

```python
import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def sample_data():
    """Fixture providing sample data."""
    return {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}

def test_sample_data(sample_data):
    """Test using the fixture."""
    assert sample_data["name"] == "Alice"
    assert sample_data["age"] == 30
```

### Fixture with Setup/Teardown

```python
@pytest.fixture
def database():
    """Fixture with setup and teardown."""
    # Setup
    db = Database(":memory:")
    db.create_tables()
    db.insert_test_data()

    yield db  # Provide to test

    # Teardown
    db.close()

def test_database_query(database):
    """Test database operations."""
    result = database.query("SELECT * FROM users")
    assert len(result) > 0
```

### Fixture Scopes

```python
# Function scope (default) - runs for each test
@pytest.fixture
def temp_file():
    with open("temp.txt", "w") as f:
        yield f
    os.remove("temp.txt")

# Module scope - runs once per module
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def module_db():
    db = Database(":memory:")
    db.create_tables()
    yield db
    db.close()

# Session scope - runs once per test session
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def shared_resource():
    resource = ExpensiveResource()
    yield resource
    resource.cleanup()
```

### Fixture with Parameters

```python
@pytest.fixture(params=[1, 2, 3])
def number(request):
    """Parameterized fixture."""
    return request.param

def test_numbers(number):
    """Test runs 3 times, once for each parameter."""
    assert number > 0
```

### Using Multiple Fixtures

```python
@pytest.fixture
def user():
    return User(id=1, name="Alice")

@pytest.fixture
def admin():
    return User(id=2, name="Admin", role="admin")

def test_user_admin_interaction(user, admin):
    """Test using multiple fixtures."""
    assert admin.can_manage(user)
```

### Autouse Fixtures

```python
@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
def reset_config():
    """Automatically runs before every test."""
    Config.reset()
    yield
    Config.cleanup()

def test_without_fixture_call():
    # reset_config runs automatically
    assert Config.get_setting("debug") is False
```

### Conftest.py for Shared Fixtures

```python
# tests/conftest.py
import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def client():
    """Shared fixture for all tests."""
    app = create_app(testing=True)
    with app.test_client() as client:
        yield client

@pytest.fixture
def auth_headers(client):
    """Generate auth headers for API testing."""
    response = client.post("/api/login", json={
        "username": "test",
        "password": "test"
    })
    token = response.json["token"]
    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
```