L ( x , y , p ) = ∑ i ∈ 𝒩 ∑ v Unknown character w : ( v , i , w ) ∈ Γ G ′ [ c i y v w i + p ( v , i , w ) ( ∑ t ∈ T x t ( v , i , w ) − y v w i ) + p ( w , i , v ) ( ∑ t ∈ T x t ( w , i , v ) − y w v i ) ] L(\boldsymbol{x},\boldsymbol{y},\boldsymbol{p}) = \sum_{i \in \mathcal{N}} \sum_{v<w:(v,i,w)\in\Gamma_{G^{\prime}}} [c_{i}y^{i}_{vw}+p(v,i,w) (\sum_{t \in T}x^{t}(v,i,w)-y^{i}_{vw}) + p(w,i,v) (\sum_{t\in T}x^{t}(w,i,v)-y^{i}_{wv})]