Grid System

Bootstrap includes a responsive, mobile first fluid grid system that appropriately scales up to 12 columns as the device or viewport size increases. It includes predefined classes for easy layout options, as well as powerful mixins for generating more semantic layouts.

Introduction

Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here's how the Bootstrap grid system works:

Rows must be placed within a .container (fixed-width) or .container-fluid (full-width) for proper alignment and padding.
Use rows to create horizontal groups of columns.
Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows.
Predefined grid classes like .row and .col-xs-4 are available for quickly making grid layouts. Less mixins can also be used for more semantic layouts.
Columns create gutters (gaps between column content) via padding. That padding is offset in rows for the first and last column via negative margin on .rows.
The negative margin is why the examples below are outdented. It's so that content within grid columns is lined up with non-grid content.
Grid columns are created by specifying the number of twelve available columns you wish to span. For example, three equal columns would use three .col-xs-4.
If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line.
Grid classes apply to devices with screen widths greater than or equal to the breakpoint sizes, and override grid classes targeted at smaller devices. Therefore, e.g. applying any .col-md-* class to an element will not only affect its styling on medium devices but also on large devices if a .col-lg-* class is not present.

Look to the examples for applying these principles to your code.

Grid Options

See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy dandy table.

	Extra small devices Phones (<768px)	Small devices Tablets (≥768px)	Medium devices Desktops (≥992px)	Large devices Desktops (≥1200px)
Grid behavior	Horizontal at all times	Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints
Container width	None (auto)	750px	970px	1170px
Class prefix	`.col-xs-`	`.col-sm-`	`.col-md-`	`.col-lg-`
# of columns	12
Column width	Auto	~62px	~81px	~97px
Gutter width	30px (15px on each side of a column)
Nestable	Yes
Offsets	Yes
Column ordering	Yes

Example: Stacked to horizontal

.col-md-1

.col-md-8

.col-md-4

.col-md-6

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
    <div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div>
    <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
    <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
    <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
    <div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
</div>

Example: Fluid Container

Turn any fixed-width grid layout into a full-width layout by changing your outermost .container to .container-fluid.

<div class="container-fluid">
  <div class="row">
    ...
  </div>
</div>

Example: Mobile and Desktop

Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small and medium device grid classes by adding .col-xs-* .col-md-* to your columns. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.

.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8

.col-xs-6 .col-md-4

.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8">.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8</div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
    <div class="clearfix visible-xs-block"></div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>

Example: Mobile, Tablet, and Desktop

Build on the previous example by creating even more dynamic and powerful layouts with tablet .col-sm-* classes.

.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
    <div class="clearfix visible-xs-block"></div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>

Example: Column Wrapping

If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line.

.col-xs-9

.col-xs-4
Since 9 + 4 = 13 > 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a new line as one contiguous unit.

.col-xs-6
Subsequent columns continue along the new line.

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-xs-9">.col-xs-9</div>
    <div class="col-xs-4">.col-xs-4<br>Since 9 + 4 = 13 &gt; 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a
        new line as one contiguous unit.
    </div>
    <div class="col-xs-6">.col-xs-6<br>Subsequent columns continue along the new line.</div>
</div>

Example: Responsive Column Resets

With the four tiers of grids available you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a .clearfix and our responsive utility classes.

.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
Resize your viewport or check it out on your phone for an example.

.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3 <br> Resize your viewport or check it out on your
        phone for an example.
    </div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
    <div class="clearfix visible-xs-block"></div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
    <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
</div>

Example: Offsetting Columns

Move columns to the right using .col-md-offset-* classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by * columns. For example, .col-md-offset-4 moves .col-md-4 over four columns.

.col-md-4

.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4

.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3

.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3

 <div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
    <div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
    <div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>

<div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>

Example: Nesting Columns

To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row and set of .col-sm-* columns within an existing .col-sm-* column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns).

Level 1: .col-sm-9

Level 2: .col-xs-8 .col-sm-6

Level 2: .col-xs-4 .col-sm-6

  <div class="row show-grid">
    <div class="col-sm-9"> Level 1: .col-sm-9
        <div class="row show-grid">
            <div class="col-xs-8 col-sm-6"> Level 2: .col-xs-8 .col-sm-6</div>
            <div class="col-xs-4 col-sm-6"> Level 2: .col-xs-4 .col-sm-6</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>