{"componentChunkName":"component---src-lekoarts-gatsby-theme-minimal-blog-core-templates-post-query-tsx","path":"/longest-increasing-subsequence-and-patience-game-part-1","result":{"data":{"post":{"slug":"/longest-increasing-subsequence-and-patience-game-part-1","title":"Longest Increasing Subsequence And Patience Game(Part1)","date":"March 31, 2020","tags":[{"name":"Algorithm","slug":"algorithm"}],"description":null,"body":"function _extends() { _extends = Object.assign || function (target) { for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) { var source = arguments[i]; for (var key in source) { if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) { target[key] = source[key]; } } } return target; }; return _extends.apply(this, arguments); }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutProperties(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded); var key, i; if (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) { var sourceSymbolKeys = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(source); for (i = 0; i < sourceSymbolKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceSymbolKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; if (!Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(source, key)) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } } return target; }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = {}; var sourceKeys = Object.keys(source); var key, i; for (i = 0; i < sourceKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } return target; }\n\n/* @jsx mdx */\nvar _frontmatter = {\n  \"date\": \"2020-03-31T00:00:00.000Z\",\n  \"title\": \"Longest Increasing Subsequence And Patience Game(Part1)\",\n  \"tags\": [\"Algorithm\"],\n  \"excerpt\": \"Idea behind the O(nlogn) solution\"\n};\n\nvar makeShortcode = function makeShortcode(name) {\n  return function MDXDefaultShortcode(props) {\n    console.warn(\"Component \" + name + \" was not imported, exported, or provided by MDXProvider as global scope\");\n    return mdx(\"div\", props);\n  };\n};\n\nvar layoutProps = {\n  _frontmatter: _frontmatter\n};\nvar MDXLayout = \"wrapper\";\nreturn function MDXContent(_ref) {\n  var components = _ref.components,\n      props = _objectWithoutProperties(_ref, [\"components\"]);\n\n  return mdx(MDXLayout, _extends({}, layoutProps, props, {\n    components: components,\n    mdxType: \"MDXLayout\"\n  }), mdx(\"p\", null, \"This part focuses on the idea behind the solution. The actual implementation will be covered in Part2.\"), mdx(\"h2\", null, \"Problem\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Given an unsorted array of integers, find the length of longest increasing subsequence. Example from \", mdx(\"a\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"href\": \"https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-increasing-subsequence/\"\n  }), \"LeetCode\"), \":\"), mdx(\"pre\", null, mdx(\"code\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"pre\"\n  }, {}), \"Input: [10,9,2,5,3,7,101,18]\\nOutput: 4\\nExplanation: The longest increasing subsequence is [2,3,7,101], therefore the length is 4.\\n\")), mdx(\"p\", null, \"The \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"O\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"stretchy\": \"false\"\n  }), \"(\"), mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"n\"), mdx(\"mn\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"2\")), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"stretchy\": \"false\"\n  }), \")\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"O(n^2)\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"1.064108em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.25em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.02778em\"\n    }\n  }), \"O\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mopen\"\n  }), \"(\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"n\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8141079999999999em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"2\")))))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mclose\"\n  }), \")\")))), \" dynamic programming solution is quite straightforward. 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\"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8304100000000001em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u2019\")))), \". \"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"If \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"=\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2019\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y = y\\u2019\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"=\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u2019\")))), \", they can\\u2019t form an \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"increasing\"), \" sequence. \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"\\u201Cincreasing\\u201D\"), \" is different from \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"\\u201Cnon-decreasing\\u201D\"), \".\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"If \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2019\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y \\\\lt y\\u2019\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.7335400000000001em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u2019\")))), \", the only way to use both cards in an \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"increasing sequence\"), \" is to place \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \" after \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" in that sequence. But \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" is on top of \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \", so \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \" comes \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"before\"), \" \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" in the original array.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"For example, \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"[y', y] = [5, 2]\"), \", \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"5 -> 2\"), \" is not an IS.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Thus, you can\\u2019t form an IS with more than one card from a pile \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u21D2\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\\\Rightarrow\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.36687em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u21D2\")))), \" length of any IS is at most \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"piles\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\\\#\\\\text{piles}\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"piles\"))))), \".\"), mdx(\"h3\", null, \"Greedy algorithm\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Idea: put the new card on the leftmost pile possible, i.e., the first pile from left to right, such that \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"new\\xA0card\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"top\\xA0card\\xA0of\\xA0the\\xA0pile\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\\\text{new card} \\\\le \\\\text{top card of the pile}\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.83041em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"new\\xA0card\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"top\\xA0card\\xA0of\\xA0the\\xA0pile\"))))), \".\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"If we play the game with this strategy, we will notice that top cards form an IS(increasing sequence). For example,\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"img\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"src\": \"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/Deerhound579/image-hosting/img/game1.jpeg\",\n    \"alt\": \"IS\"\n  }))), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"2 4 7 8 Q\"), \" is an IS.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Let\\u2019s prove this.\"), mdx(\"h3\", null, \"Observation2\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"Using the greedy strategy, top cards of piles increase from left to right at any time of the game\")), mdx(\"h4\", null, \"Proof\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"img\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"src\": \"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/Deerhound579/image-hosting/img/deck.png\",\n    \"alt\": \"Deck\"\n  }))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Assume \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x \\\\lt y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \", so we don\\u2019t have an IS. We have two cases:\"), mdx(\"ol\", null, mdx(\"li\", {\n    parentName: \"ol\"\n  }, mdx(\"p\", {\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" comes before \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"))))), mdx(\"p\", {\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, \"Then \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\")))), \" must be placed on top of \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" by the algorithm. Contradiction.\")), mdx(\"li\", {\n    parentName: \"ol\"\n  }, mdx(\"p\", {\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" comes after \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"))))), mdx(\"p\", {\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, \"Since \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\")))), \" is put into the red pile, \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \">\"), mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x \\\\gt y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \">\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \" or it\\u2019ll be in the blue pile by our greedy algorithm. \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \" is on top of \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \", so \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"y \\\\le y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8304100000000001em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \". But we assumed \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x \\\\lt y\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.625em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\")))), \", so \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x \\\\lt y \\\\le y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8304100000000001em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \" which contradicts \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"x\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \">\"), mdx(\"msup\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, \"y\"), mdx(\"mo\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"msup\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\",\n    \"lspace\": \"0em\",\n    \"rspace\": \"0em\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"x\\\\gt y'\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"x\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \">\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.946332em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.03588em\"\n    }\n  }), \"y\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.751892em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-3.063em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2032\")))))))))))), \".\"))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"With these two observations, we can go head and prove the duality.\"), mdx(\"h2\", null, \"Duality\"), mdx(\"h3\", null, \"Lenght of LIS = #piles using the greedy strategy\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Let the length of LIS be \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"L\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\")))), \", and \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))), \" be the \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"piles\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\\\#\\\\text{piles}\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"piles\"))))), \" created by the greedy algorithm. For an inequality, we have to show \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u201C\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2265\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u201D\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\u201C\\\\geq\\u201D\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.83041em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u201C\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2265\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.69444em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u201D\")))), \" and \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u201C\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u201D\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\u201C\\\\leq\\u201D\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.83041em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u201C\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.69444em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"\\u201D\")))), \" directions.\"), mdx(\"ol\", null, mdx(\"li\", {\n    parentName: \"ol\"\n  }, mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"L \\\\leq P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8193em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"This follows directly from \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"piles\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2265\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"\\\\#\\\\text{piles}\\\\geq\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8888799999999999em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.19444em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"#\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"piles\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2265\")))), \" length of nay IS in observation 1. LIS is an IS, so \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"L \\\\leq P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8193em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))), \".\"), mdx(\"ol\", {\n    \"start\": 2\n  }, mdx(\"li\", {\n    parentName: \"ol\"\n  }, mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"li\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2265\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"L \\\\geq P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.8193em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.13597em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2265\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"From observation 2, we know top cards of piles increase from left to right at \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"any time\"), \" of the game using this algorithm.\"), mdx(\"blockquote\", null, mdx(\"p\", {\n    parentName: \"blockquote\"\n  }, \"Note that the top cards are in general not an increasing subsequence \\u2014 \", mdx(\"a\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"href\": \"https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring13/cos423/lectures/LongestIncreasingSubsequence.pdf\"\n  }), \"Berkeley notes\"))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"In this case, the top cards are \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"2 4 7 8 Q\"), \", but \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"4\"), \" comes \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"after\"), \" \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"7\"), \" in the original deck, so \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"4 -> 7\"), \" is not an IS.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"img\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"src\": \"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/Deerhound579/image-hosting/img/pointer1.png\",\n    \"alt\": \"Pointer\"\n  }))), mdx(\"p\", null, \"To keep track of a valid IS, \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"at the time of insertion\"), \" of a card \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"c\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"c\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"c\")))), \", we keep a pointer from \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"c\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"c\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"c\")))), \" to the current top card to the left of \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"c\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"c\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.43056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"c\")))), \". For example, when \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"5\"), \" is inserted, \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"3\"), \" is the top card on its left, so there\\u2019s an arrow from \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"5\"), \" to \", mdx(\"inlineCode\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"3\"), \".\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Assume \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \">\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P \\\\gt L\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.72243em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \">\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\")))), \", let the top card on the \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"i\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"th\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"i\\\\text{th}\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.69444em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"i\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord text\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), \"th\"))))), \" pile be \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"i\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"a_i\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.58056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.15em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.31166399999999994em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault mtight\"\n  }), \"i\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }))))))))), \". Since we have \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))), \" piles, we can follow the pointers starting at \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"p\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"a_p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.716668em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.286108em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15139200000000003em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault mtight\"\n  }), \"p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.286108em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }))))))))), \" to get \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mn\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"1\")), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2026\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"p\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2212\"), mdx(\"mn\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"1\"))), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"p\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"a_1\\\\leftarrow\\u2026\\\\leftarrow a_{p-1} \\\\leftarrow a_p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.58056em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.15em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.30110799999999993em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"1\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  })))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.36687em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"minner\"\n  }), \"\\u2026\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.716668em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.286108em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.301108em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault mtight\"\n  }), \"p\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mbin mtight\"\n  }), \"\\u2212\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"1\"))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.286108em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  })))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"\\u2190\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.716668em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.286108em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15139200000000003em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault mtight\"\n  }), \"p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.286108em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }))))))))), \". Note that from left to right, \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mn\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"1\")), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mn\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"2\")), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u22EF\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"<\"), mdx(\"msub\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"a\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"msub\"\n  }, \"p\"))), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"a_1 \\\\lt a_2 \\\\lt \\\\cdots \\\\lt a_p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.6891em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.15em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.30110799999999993em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"1\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  })))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.6891em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.15em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.30110799999999993em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mtight\"\n  }), \"2\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  })))))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.5782em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"minner\"\n  }), \"\\u22EF\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \"<\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.716668em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.286108em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"a\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"msupsub\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-t vlist-t2\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.15139200000000003em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"style\": {\n      \"top\": \"-2.5500000000000003em\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"0em\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.05em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"pstrut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"2.7em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault mtight\"\n  }), \"p\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-s\"\n  }), \"\\u200B\")), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist-r\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"vlist\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.286108em\"\n    }\n  }), mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }))))))))), \". Thus, we get an IS of length \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\")))), \".\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"But we claimed the length of the \", mdx(\"strong\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"longest\"), \" IS is \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"L\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\")))), \". \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \">\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P \\\\gt L\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.72243em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"-0.0391em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.13889em\"\n    }\n  }), \"P\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mrel\"\n  }), \">\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"marginRight\": \"0.2777777777777778em\"\n    }\n  }))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"strut\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"height\": \"0.68333em\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\")))), \" contraditcts that, so \", mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-mathml\"\n  }), mdx(\"math\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"xmlns\": \"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"\n  }), mdx(\"semantics\", {\n    parentName: \"math\"\n  }, mdx(\"mrow\", {\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"P\"), mdx(\"mo\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\u2264\"), mdx(\"mi\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"L\"), mdx(\"mtext\", {\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, \"\\xA0\"), mdx(\"mi\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"mrow\"\n  }, {\n    \"mathvariant\": \"normal\"\n  }), \"\\u25A1\")), mdx(\"annotation\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"semantics\"\n  }, {\n    \"encoding\": \"application/x-tex\"\n  }), \"P \\\\leq L \\\\  \\\\square\")))), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"katex-html\",\n    \"aria-hidden\": \"true\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"base\"\n  }), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": 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\"verticalAlign\": \"0em\"\n    }\n  })), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord mathdefault\"\n  }), \"L\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mspace\"\n  }), \"\\xA0\"), mdx(\"span\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"span\"\n  }, {\n    \"className\": \"mord amsrm\"\n  }), \"\\u25A1\"))))), mdx(\"h2\", null, \"Reference\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"a\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"href\": \"https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring13/cos423/lectures/LongestIncreasingSubsequence.pdf\"\n  }), \"Longest Increasing Subsequence\")), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"a\", _extends({\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, {\n    \"href\": \"https://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~aldous/Research/OP/patience.pdf\"\n  }), \"Patience Sorting\")));\n}\n;\nMDXContent.isMDXComponent = true;","excerpt":"Idea behind the O(nlogn) 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