1 Rail Market | Open the domestic rail passengers market to competion to improve the attractiveness, competitiveness and service quality of passenger railway transportation. Community railway liberalisation SEC(2004)236, COM(2004)139 Policy set to simulate the EU open competition between rail passenger operators and the availability of an integrated Europe-wide railway network, assuming an impact on travel time and costs of passenger transport. 2 ERA | Strengthen the European Railway Agency and ensure European railway saftey harmonisation. 3 Freight Corridor | Integrated approach to freight corridor management. 4 Access | Improve non-discriminatory access to rail infrastructure to enhance competition in the rail market. 6 Sesar | Enable the Single European Sky, i.e. tripling air space capacity in Europe; increase safety in air transport by a power of ten, decrease emissons of air transport by 10%; decrease applying ATM costs by at least 50%. 8 Air market | Enable access to airport infrastructure at a fair price to airlines. Improve aviation security checks at airports for the benefit of passengers and other stakeholders. Encourage investments, especially through the use of innovative financial instruments, so as to steer growth, secure cohesion within the EU and enhance its economic, societal and cultural links with the rest of the world. 10 Blue Belt | Reduce administrative procedures for sea transport (cargo and passengers) between European ports and reduce congestion in ports and port fairways in order to increase the competitiveness of maritime transport compared to road, rail and air transport. 12 Port Services | Open port services, like technical-nautical and cargo handling services, to competition to reduce costs and enhance quality and reliability. 14 IWW | Optimise Internal Market for Inland Waterway Transport to improve efficiency and reduce transport costs related to regulations and administrative barriers. 16 Cabotage | Establish a single European road transport market by eliminating the restrictions on cabotage, and thus full liberalisation. 23 Truck drivers | The TPM is introduced to ensure minimum harmonized social rules throughout the EU. In addition, other objectives are related to create fair conditions for competition, to promote and harmonise safer technical standards and conditions, to guarantee that road transport rules are applied effectively and without discrimination. 33 Road safety | Road accidents cause huge economic and human costs to society. Reducing the number of fatalities and injuries is one of the priority actions of the European Commission. Furthermore, technical safety systems can help optimising traffic flows and reduce the risk of congestion. 37 Safer Vehicles | Develop new safety technologies, passive and active focussing on vulnerable transport users, in all modes (e.g. impact reduction in passenger vehicle, active safety like automatic brakes,…). 42 Rail Safety | Improve penetration of ERTMS and further develop the technology; harmonize training; develop EU certification. Strengthen internal market for rail freight 44 Dangerous Goods | Harmonisation of dangerous goods directive; ensure same safety (increased) level in all EU Member States; reduce cross-border costs; improve internal market for rail freight 50 Vehicle Efficiency | Further improvement of energy efficiency of all vehicles; reduce CO2-emissions, decrease energy demand. 51 New Fuels | Increase adoption of next generation biofuels; increased penetration of electric vehicles and other propulsion systems (CNG, LPG,…) 56 ERTMS | 1. Apply the European Train Control System (ETCS), a signalling, control and train protection system designed to replace the many incompatible safety systems currently used by European railways, especially on high-speed lines. 2. GSM-Railway, an international wireless communications standard for railway communication and applications. 57 River info system | Increasing efficiency of IWW transport in term of travecl time 58.1 ITS Traffic Information | Provision of innovative services relating to different road vehicles and traffic management and enable various users to be better informed (RTTI - real time traffic and travel information) and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks. Intelligent Transport information and communication Systems (ITS) cover a wide field with three main streams to be considered. The first deals with real time traffic information systems (58.1). The second concenrs dynamic traffic managemen (58.2), and the third Intelligent vehicles, including driver assistence (58.3). 58.2 ITS Dynamic Traffic Mgnt. | Provision of innovative services relating to different road vehicles and traffic management and enable various users to be better informed (RTTI - real time traffic and travel information) and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks. Transport Information Systems (ITS) cover a wide field with three main streams to be considered. The first deals with real time traffic information systems (58.1). The second concenrs dynamic traffic management (58.2), and the third Intelligent vehicles, including driver assistence (58.3). 58.3 ITS Intel. Vehicles | Provision of innovative services relating to different road vehicles and traffic management and enable various users to be better informed (RTTI - real time traffic and travel information) and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks. Transport Information Systems (ITS) cover a wide field with three main streams to be considered. The first deals with real time traffic information systems (58.1). The second concenrs dynamic traffic managemen (58.2), and the third Intelligent vehicles, including driver assistence (58.3). 63.1 Car replacement | Reducing CO2, fuel use and pollution from road transport (car fleet) 63.2 Electric cars | Reducing fuel use, CO2 emission and pollution from road transport 63.3 H2 cars | Reducing fuel use, CO2 emission and pollution from road transport 64.1 CO2 standards road | The activation of this measure corresponds to improve the fuel efficiency of new vehicles purchased. The reduced fuel consumption results in reduced CO2 emissions from new vehicles. 64.2 Pollution standards road | The activation of this measure corresponds to improve the pollutant emission factors (for CO, NOx, particulate matter) related to the emission standards after Euro VI (Euro VII and more). 78 Maximum Speeds | Improve safety, decrease energy consumption and ensure level playing field. 81 Urban Road | Develop a validated framework for urban road user charging and access restriction schemes and their applications, including a legal and validated operational and technical framework covering vehicle and infrastructure applications. 83 City logistics | The activation of this measure corresponds to the implementation of an increment of the average load factor of HDVs and of the average load factor of LDVs. The latter increment is expected to be larger than the former as the measure is focused on local distribution where light vehicles are predominantly used. 84 Promotion low emission road | The activation of this measure corresponds to two changes. The first change is a reduction of average fuel consumption of LDVs and buses in the local distance band. The second change is an increase of the share of electric LDV which will be achieved by increasing the preferences in the logit function estimating the probability of a decision for an battery-electric LDV and buses. 86 TEN-T | The activation of this measure corresponds to apply a predefined reduction of travel time on all O/D pairs connected by routes passing through zones where new links are built plus investments in transport infrastructures. The size of the reduction depends on the specific O/D pair; e.g. on average the travel time is diminished by 1% to 3% for rail mode in Germany. 92 New Vehicles | Improve the environmental and safety performance of existing transport material. 98 Heavy Duty Charge | Improve transport efficiency, lower fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, reduce empty runnings and improve load factors. 100 External Costs | Internalisation of external costs for all transport modes. 102 Circulation tax cars | Reducing fuel use, CO2 emission and pollution from road transport 109 Improving local transport | Enable attractive frequencies, comfort, easy access, and intermodal integration to reduce travel time at local level. Promoting of local multimodality by increasing the awareness on the availability of alternative modes and possible combinations of modes for single routes (car sharing, bike sharing, local public transport) 110 CO2 certificate | Reduction of CO2 emission from car or road transport 111 CO2 feebates | Lowering CO2 emission level from vehicles by providing a price incentive towards cars with lower CO2 emission levels