/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Project:  CPL - Common Portability Library
 * Purpose:  Standalone shared library that can be LD_PRELOAD'ed as an overload of
 *           libc to enable VSI Virtual FILE API to be used with binaries using
 *           regular libc for I/O.
 * Author:   Even Rouault <even dot rouault at mines dash paris.org>
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2013, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at mines-paris dot org>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 ****************************************************************************/

// WARNING: Linux glibc ONLY
// Might work with some adaptations (mainly around 64bit symbols) on other Unix systems

// Compile:
// g++ -Wall -fPIC port/vsipreload.cpp -shared -o vsipreload.so -Iport -L. -L.libs -lgdal

// Run:
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so ....
// e.g:
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so gdalinfo /vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/ecw/spif83.ecw
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so gdalinfo 'HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:"/vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/hdf4/MOD09Q1G_EVI.A2006233.h07v03.005.2008338190308.hdf":MODIS_NACP_EVI:MODIS_EVI'
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so ogrinfo /vsicurl/http://svn.osgeo.org/gdal/trunk/autotest/ogr/data/testavc -ro
// even non GDAL binaries :
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so h5dump -d /x /vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/netcdf/utm-big-chunks.nc
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so sqlite3 /vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/sqlite3/polygon.db "select * from polygon limit 10"
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so ls -al /vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/sqlite3
// LD_PRELOAD=./vsipreload.so find /vsicurl/http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/data/sqlite3

#define _GNU_SOURCE 1
#define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include "cpl_vsi.h"
#include "cpl_multiproc.h"
#include "cpl_string.h"
#include "cpl_hash_set.h"

CPL_CVSID("$Id: vsipreload.cpp 7b937306fdeb31f6adefa6675d83ccd60f99e619 2018-11-25 23:10:44 +0100 Even Rouault $")

static int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD = 0;
static int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_ONLY_VSIL = 1;
#define DEBUG_OUTPUT_READ 0

#ifndef NO_FSTATAT
#define HAVE_FSTATAT
#endif

#define DECLARE_SYMBOL(x, retType, args) \
    typedef retType (*fn ## x ## Type)args;\
    static fn ## x ## Type pfn ## x = nullptr

DECLARE_SYMBOL(fopen, FILE*, (const char *path, const char *mode));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fopen64, FILE*, (const char *path, const char *mode));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fread, size_t, (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
                               FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fwrite, size_t, (const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
                                FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fclose, int, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__xstat, int, (int ver, const char *path, struct stat *buf));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__lxstat, int, (int ver, const char *path, struct stat *buf));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__xstat64, int, (int ver, const char *path, struct stat64 *buf));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fseeko64, int, (FILE *stream, off64_t off, int whence));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fseek, int, (FILE *stream, off_t off, int whence));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(ftello64, off64_t, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(ftell, off_t, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(feof, int, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fflush, int, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fgetpos, int, (FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fsetpos, int, (FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fileno, int, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(ferror, int, (FILE *stream));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(clearerr, void, (FILE *stream));

DECLARE_SYMBOL(fdopen, FILE*, (int fd, const char *mode));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(freopen, FILE*, (const char *path, const char *mode,
                                FILE *stream));

DECLARE_SYMBOL(open, int, (const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(open64, int, (const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode));
// DECLARE_SYMBOL(creat, int, (const char *path, mode_t mode));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(close, int, (int fd));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(read, ssize_t, (int fd, void *buf, size_t count));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(write, ssize_t, (int fd, const void *buf, size_t count));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fsync, int, (int fd));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fdatasync, int, (int fd));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__fxstat, int, (int ver, int fd, struct stat *__stat_buf));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__fxstat64, int, (int ver, int fd, struct stat64 *__stat_buf));
#ifdef HAVE_FSTATAT
DECLARE_SYMBOL(__fxstatat, int, (int ver, int dirfd, const char *pathname,
                                 struct stat *buf, int flags));
#endif

DECLARE_SYMBOL(lseek, off_t, (int fd, off_t off, int whence));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(lseek64, off64_t , (int fd, off64_t off, int whence));

DECLARE_SYMBOL(truncate, int, (const char *path, off_t length));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(ftruncate, int, (int fd, off_t length));

DECLARE_SYMBOL(opendir, DIR* , (const char *name));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(readdir, struct dirent*, (DIR *dirp));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(readdir64, struct dirent64*, (DIR *dirp));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(closedir, int, (DIR *dirp));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(dirfd, int, (DIR *dirp));
DECLARE_SYMBOL(fchdir, int, (int fd));

static CPLLock* hLock = nullptr;

typedef struct
{
    char*  pszDirname;
    char** papszDir;
    int    nIter;
    struct dirent ent;
    struct dirent64 ent64;
    int    fd;
} VSIDIRPreload;

std::set<VSILFILE*> oSetFiles;
std::map<int, VSILFILE*> oMapfdToVSI;
std::map<VSILFILE*, int> oMapVSITofd;
std::map<VSILFILE*, std::string> oMapVSIToString;
std::set<VSIDIRPreload*> oSetVSIDIRPreload;
std::map<int, VSIDIRPreload*> oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload;
std::map<int, std::string> oMapDirFdToName;
std::string osCurDir;

/************************************************************************/
/*                             myinit()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

#define LOAD_SYMBOL(x) \
    pfn ## x = (fn ## x ## Type) dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, #x); \
    assert(pfn ## x)

static void myinit()
{
    CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);

    if( pfnfopen64 != nullptr ) return;
    DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD = getenv("DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD") != nullptr;
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fopen);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fopen64);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fread);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fwrite);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fclose);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fseeko64);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fseek);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__xstat);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__lxstat);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__xstat64);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(ftello64);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(ftell);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(feof);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fflush);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fgetpos);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fsetpos);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fileno);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(ferror);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(clearerr);

    LOAD_SYMBOL(fdopen);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(freopen);

    LOAD_SYMBOL(open);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(open64);
    // LOAD_SYMBOL(creat);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(close);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(read);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(write);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fsync);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fdatasync);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__fxstat);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__fxstat64);
#ifdef HAVE_FSTATAT
    LOAD_SYMBOL(__fxstatat);
#endif
    LOAD_SYMBOL(lseek);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(lseek64);

    LOAD_SYMBOL(truncate);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(ftruncate);

    LOAD_SYMBOL(opendir);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(readdir);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(readdir64);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(closedir);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(dirfd);
    LOAD_SYMBOL(fchdir);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          getVSILFILE()                               */
/************************************************************************/

static VSILFILE* getVSILFILE( FILE* stream )
{
    CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
    std::set<VSILFILE*>::iterator oIter = oSetFiles.find((VSILFILE*)stream);
    VSILFILE* ret = nullptr;
    if( oIter != oSetFiles.end() )
        ret = *oIter;
    else
        ret = nullptr;
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          getVSILFILE()                               */
/************************************************************************/

static VSILFILE* getVSILFILE( int fd )
{
    CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
    std::map<int, VSILFILE*>::iterator oIter = oMapfdToVSI.find(fd);
    VSILFILE* ret = nullptr;
    if( oIter != oMapfdToVSI.end() )
        ret = oIter->second;
    else
        ret = nullptr;
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        VSIFSeekLHelper()                             */
/************************************************************************/

static int VSIFSeekLHelper( VSILFILE* fpVSIL, off64_t off, int whence )
{
    if( off < 0 && whence == SEEK_CUR )
    {
        return VSIFSeekL(fpVSIL, VSIFTellL(fpVSIL) + off, SEEK_SET);
    }
    else if( off < 0 && whence == SEEK_END )
    {
        VSIFSeekL(fpVSIL, 0, SEEK_END);
        return VSIFSeekL(fpVSIL, VSIFTellL(fpVSIL) + off, SEEK_SET);
    }

    return VSIFSeekL(fpVSIL, off, whence);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          VSIFopenHelper()                            */
/************************************************************************/

static VSILFILE* VSIFfopenHelper( const char *path, const char *mode )
{
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = VSIFOpenL(path, mode);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
        oSetFiles.insert(fpVSIL);
        oMapVSIToString[fpVSIL] = path;
    }
    return fpVSIL;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                         getfdFromVSILFILE()                          */
/************************************************************************/

static int getfdFromVSILFILE( VSILFILE* fpVSIL )
{
    CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);

    int fd = 0;
    std::map<VSILFILE*, int>::iterator oIter = oMapVSITofd.find(fpVSIL);
    if( oIter != oMapVSITofd.end() )
        fd = oIter->second;
    else
    {
        fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDONLY);
        assert(fd >= 0);
        oMapVSITofd[fpVSIL] = fd;
        oMapfdToVSI[fd] = fpVSIL;
    }
    return fd;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          VSIFopenHelper()                            */
/************************************************************************/

static int VSIFopenHelper( const char *path, int flags )
{
    const char* pszMode = "rb";
    if( (flags & 3) == O_RDONLY )
        pszMode = "rb";
    else if( (flags & 3) == O_WRONLY )
    {
        if( flags & O_APPEND )
            pszMode = "ab";
        else
            pszMode = "wb";
    }
    else
    {
        if( flags & O_APPEND )
            pszMode = "ab+";
        else
            pszMode = "rb+";
    }
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = VSIFfopenHelper(path, pszMode );
    int fd = 0;
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        if( flags & O_TRUNC )
        {
            VSIFTruncateL(fpVSIL, 0);
            VSIFSeekL(fpVSIL, 0, SEEK_SET);
        }
        fd = getfdFromVSILFILE(fpVSIL);
    }
    else
        fd = -1;
    return fd;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                    GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND()                             */
/************************************************************************/

static bool GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND( const char* path )
{
    return
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD &&
    // cppcheck-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
        (!DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_ONLY_VSIL || STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi"));
}

static bool GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(VSILFILE* fpVSIL)
{
    // cppcheck-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
    return DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && (!DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_ONLY_VSIL || fpVSIL != nullptr);
}

static bool GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(VSIDIRPreload* dirP)
{
    return
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD &&
    // cppcheck-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
        (!DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_ONLY_VSIL ||
         oSetVSIDIRPreload.find(dirP) != oSetVSIDIRPreload.end());
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                     copyVSIStatBufLToBuf()                           */
/************************************************************************/

static void copyVSIStatBufLToBuf( VSIStatBufL* bufSrc, struct stat *buf )
{
    buf->st_dev = bufSrc->st_dev;
    buf->st_ino = bufSrc->st_ino;
    // S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH;
    buf->st_mode = bufSrc->st_mode | S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;
    buf->st_nlink = 1;   // bufSrc->st_nlink;
    buf->st_uid = bufSrc->st_uid;
    buf->st_gid = bufSrc->st_gid;
    buf->st_rdev = bufSrc->st_rdev;
    buf->st_size = bufSrc->st_size;
    buf->st_blksize = bufSrc->st_blksize;
    buf->st_blocks = bufSrc->st_blocks;
    buf->st_atime = bufSrc->st_atime;
    buf->st_mtime = bufSrc->st_mtime;
    buf->st_ctime = bufSrc->st_ctime;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                     copyVSIStatBufLToBuf64()                         */
/************************************************************************/

static void copyVSIStatBufLToBuf64( VSIStatBufL *bufSrc, struct stat64 *buf )
{
    buf->st_dev = bufSrc->st_dev;
    buf->st_ino = bufSrc->st_ino;
    // S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH;
    buf->st_mode = bufSrc->st_mode | S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;
    buf->st_nlink = 1; // bufSrc->st_nlink;
    buf->st_uid = bufSrc->st_uid;
    buf->st_gid = bufSrc->st_gid;
    buf->st_rdev = bufSrc->st_rdev;
    buf->st_size = bufSrc->st_size;
    buf->st_blksize = bufSrc->st_blksize;
    buf->st_blocks = bufSrc->st_blocks;
    buf->st_atime = bufSrc->st_atime;
    buf->st_mtime = bufSrc->st_mtime;
    buf->st_ctime = bufSrc->st_ctime;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             fopen()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

FILE CPL_DLL *fopen( const char *path, const char *mode )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fopen(%s, %s)\n", path, mode);
    FILE* ret;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
        ret = (FILE*) VSIFfopenHelper(path, mode);
    else
        ret = pfnfopen(path, mode);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fopen() = %p\n", ret);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fopen64()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

FILE CPL_DLL *fopen64( const char *path, const char *mode )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fopen64(%s, %s)\n", path, mode);
    FILE* ret;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
        ret = (FILE*) VSIFfopenHelper(path, mode);
    else
        ret = pfnfopen64(path, mode);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fopen64() = %p\n", ret);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fread()                                   */
/************************************************************************/

size_t CPL_DLL fread( void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fread(stream=%p,size=%d,nmemb=%d)\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(size), static_cast<int>(nmemb));
    size_t ret = 0;
    if( fpVSIL )
        ret = VSIFReadL(ptr, size, nmemb, fpVSIL);
    else
        ret = pfnfread(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fread(stream=%p,size=%d,nmemb=%d) -> %d\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(size), static_cast<int>(nmemb),
                static_cast<int>(ret));
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fwrite()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

size_t CPL_DLL fwrite( const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fwrite(stream=%p,size=%d,nmemb=%d)\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(size), static_cast<int>(nmemb));
    size_t ret = 0;
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        ret = VSIFWriteL(ptr, size, nmemb, fpVSIL);
    else
        ret = pfnfwrite(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fwrite(stream=%p,size=%d,nmemb=%d) -> %d\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(size), static_cast<int>(nmemb),
                static_cast<int>(ret));
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fclose()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fclose( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fclose(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);

        int ret = VSIFCloseL(fpVSIL);
        oMapVSIToString.erase(fpVSIL);
        oSetFiles.erase(fpVSIL);

        std::map<VSILFILE*, int>::iterator oIter = oMapVSITofd.find(fpVSIL);
        if( oIter != oMapVSITofd.end() )
        {
            int fd = oIter->second;
            pfnclose(fd);
            oMapVSITofd.erase(oIter);
            oMapfdToVSI.erase(fd);
        }

        return ret;
    }
    else
        return pfnfclose(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            __xstat()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL __xstat( int ver, const char *path, struct stat *buf )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "__xstat(%s)\n", path);
    if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') || STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        std::string newpath;
        if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        {
            newpath = CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr);
            path = newpath.c_str();
        }
        const int ret = VSIStatL(path, &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(path));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__xstat(%s) ret = 0, mode = %d, size=%d\n",
                        path, sStatBufL.st_mode,
                        static_cast<int>(sStatBufL.st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
    {
        int ret = pfn__xstat(ver, path, buf);
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr,
                "__xstat ret = 0, mode = %d\n", buf->st_mode);
        }
        return ret;
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           __lxstat()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL __lxstat( int ver, const char *path, struct stat *buf )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "__lxstat(%s)\n", path);
    if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') || STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        std::string newpath;
        if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        {
            newpath = CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr);
            path = newpath.c_str();
        }
        const int ret = VSIStatL(path, &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(path));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__lxstat(%s) ret = 0, mode = %d, size=%d\n",
                        path, sStatBufL.st_mode,
                        static_cast<int>(sStatBufL.st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
    {
        int ret = pfn__lxstat(ver, path, buf);
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr,
                "__lxstat ret = 0, mode = %d\n", buf->st_mode);
        }
        return ret;
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           __xstat64()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL __xstat64( int ver, const char *path, struct stat64 *buf )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "__xstat64(%s)\n", path);
    if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') || STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        std::string newpath;
        if( (!osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/') )
        {
            newpath = CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr);
            path = newpath.c_str();
        }
        const int ret = VSIStatL(path, &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(path));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf64(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__xstat64(%s) ret = 0, mode = %d, size = %d\n",
                        path, buf->st_mode, static_cast<int>(buf->st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
        return pfn__xstat64(ver, path, buf);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           fseeko64()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fseeko64( FILE *stream, off64_t off, int whence )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fseeko64(stream=%p, off=%d, whence=%d)\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(off), whence);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFSeekLHelper(fpVSIL, off, whence);
    else
        return pfnfseeko64(stream, off, whence);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           fseeko()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fseeko( FILE *stream, off_t off, int whence )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fseeko(stream=%p, off=%d, whence=%d)\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(off), whence);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFSeekLHelper(fpVSIL, off, whence);
    else
        return pfnfseeko64(stream, off, whence);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fseek()                                   */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fseek( FILE *stream, off_t off, int whence )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fseek(stream=%p, off=%d, whence=%d)\n",
                stream, static_cast<int>(off), whence);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFSeekLHelper(fpVSIL, off, whence);
    else
        return pfnfseek(stream, off, whence);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           ftello64()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

off64_t CPL_DLL ftello64( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "ftello64(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFTellL(fpVSIL);
    else
        return pfnftello64(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ftello()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

off_t CPL_DLL ftello( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "ftello(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFTellL(fpVSIL);
    else
        return pfnftello64(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            ftell()                                   */
/************************************************************************/

off_t CPL_DLL ftell( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "ftell(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFTellL(fpVSIL);
    else
        return pfnftell(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             feof()                                   */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL feof( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "feof(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFEofL(fpVSIL);
    else
        return pfnfeof(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            rewind()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

void CPL_DLL rewind( FILE *stream )
{
    fseek(stream, 0, SEEK_SET);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fflush()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fflush( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fflush(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return 0;
    else
        return pfnfflush(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fgetpos()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fgetpos( FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fgetpos(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "fgetpos() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
        return -1; // FIXME
    }
    else
        return pfnfgetpos(stream, pos);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            fsetpos()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fsetpos( FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fsetpos(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "fsetpos() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
        return -1; // FIXME
    }
    else
        return pfnfsetpos(stream, pos);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             fileno()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fileno( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fileno(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    int fd = 0;
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        fd = getfdFromVSILFILE(fpVSIL);
    else
        fd = pfnfileno(stream);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "fileno(stream=%p) = %d\n", stream, fd);
    return fd;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             ferror()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL ferror( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "ferror(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "ferror() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
        return 0; // FIXME ?
    }
    else
        return pfnferror(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             clearerr()                               */
/************************************************************************/

void CPL_DLL clearerr( FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "clearerr(stream=%p)\n", stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "clearerr() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
    }
    else
        pfnclearerr(stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             fdopen()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

FILE CPL_DLL * fdopen( int fd, const char *mode )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fdopen(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "fdopen() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
        return nullptr; // FIXME ?
    }
    else
        return pfnfdopen(fd, mode);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             freopen()                                */
/************************************************************************/

FILE CPL_DLL *freopen( const char *path, const char *mode, FILE *stream )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(stream);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "freopen(path=%s,mode=%s,stream=%p)\n",
                path, mode, stream);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "freopen() unimplemented for VSILFILE\n");
        return nullptr; // FIXME ?
    }
    else
        return pfnfreopen(path, mode, stream);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              open()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL open( const char *path, int flags, ... )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
    {
        if( !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' )
            fprintf(stderr, "open(%s)\n",
                    CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr));
        else
            fprintf(stderr, "open(%s)\n", path);
    }

    va_list args;
    va_start(args, flags);
    mode_t mode = va_arg(args, mode_t);
    int fd = 0;
    if( !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' &&
        (flags & 3) == O_RDONLY && (flags & O_DIRECTORY) != 0 )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        char* newname =
            const_cast<char *>(CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr));
        if( strchr(osCurDir.c_str(), '/') != nullptr && strcmp(path, "..") == 0 )
        {
            char* lastslash = strrchr(newname, '/');
            if( lastslash != nullptr )
            {
                *lastslash = 0;
                lastslash = strrchr(newname, '/');
                if( lastslash != nullptr )
                    *lastslash = 0;
            }
        }
        if( VSIStatL(newname, &sStatBufL) == 0 &&
            S_ISDIR(sStatBufL.st_mode) )
        {
            fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDONLY);
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX)
            oMapDirFdToName[fd] = newname;
        }
        else
            fd = -1;
    }
    else if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
        fd = VSIFopenHelper(path, flags);
    else
        fd = pfnopen(path, flags, mode);
    va_end(args);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "open(%s) = %d\n", path, fd);
    return fd;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             open64()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL open64( const char *path, int flags, ... )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
    {
        if( !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' )
            fprintf(stderr, "open64(%s)\n",
                    CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr));
        else
            fprintf(stderr, "open64(%s)\n", path);
    }

    va_list args;
    va_start(args, flags);
    mode_t mode = va_arg(args, mode_t);
    int fd = 0;
    if( !osCurDir.empty() && path[0] != '/' &&
        (flags & 3) == O_RDONLY && (flags & O_DIRECTORY) != 0 )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        char* newname =
            const_cast<char *>(CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), path, nullptr));
        if( strchr(osCurDir.c_str(), '/') != nullptr && strcmp(path, "..") == 0 )
        {
            char* lastslash = strrchr(newname, '/');
            if( lastslash != nullptr )
            {
                *lastslash = 0;
                lastslash = strrchr(newname, '/');
                if( lastslash != nullptr )
                    *lastslash = 0;
            }
        }
        if( VSIStatL(newname, &sStatBufL) == 0 &&
            S_ISDIR(sStatBufL.st_mode) )
        {
            fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDONLY);
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX)
            oMapDirFdToName[fd] = newname;
        }
        else
            fd = -1;
    }
    else if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
        fd = VSIFopenHelper(path, flags);
    else
        fd = pfnopen64(path, flags, mode);
    va_end(args);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "open64(%s) = %d\n", path, fd);
    return fd;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             creat()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL creat( const char *path, mode_t mode )
{
    return open64(path, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC, mode);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             close()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL close( int fd )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
        assert( oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload.find(fd) == oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload.end() );

        // cppcheck-suppress redundantIfRemove
        if( oMapDirFdToName.find(fd) != oMapDirFdToName.end())
        {
            oMapDirFdToName.erase(fd);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD )
                DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
        }
    }
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "close(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        VSIFCloseL(fpVSIL);
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
        oSetFiles.erase(fpVSIL);
        pfnclose(oMapVSITofd[fpVSIL]);
        oMapVSITofd.erase(fpVSIL);
        oMapfdToVSI.erase(fd);
        oMapVSIToString.erase(fpVSIL);
        return 0;
    }
    else
        return pfnclose(fd);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              read()                                  */
/************************************************************************/

ssize_t CPL_DLL read( int fd, void *buf, size_t count )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "read(fd=%d, count=%d)\n",
                fd, static_cast<int>(count));
    ssize_t ret = 0;
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        ret = VSIFReadL(buf, 1, count, fpVSIL);
    else
        ret = pfnread(fd, buf, count);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND && DEBUG_OUTPUT_READ && ret < 40 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "read() : ");
        for( int i = 0; i < ret; i++ )
        {
            if( ((unsigned char*)buf)[i] >= 'A' &&
                ((unsigned char*)buf)[i] <= 'Z' )
                fprintf(stderr, "%c ", ((unsigned char*)buf)[i]);
            else
                fprintf(stderr, "\\%02X ", ((unsigned char*)buf)[i]);
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
    }
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "read() -> %d\n", static_cast<int>(ret));
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              write()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

ssize_t CPL_DLL write( int fd, const void *buf, size_t count )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "write(fd=%d, count=%d)\n",
                fd, static_cast<int>(count));
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return VSIFWriteL(buf, 1, count, fpVSIL);
    else
        return pfnwrite(fd, buf, count);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              fsync()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fsync( int fd )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fsync(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return 0;
    else
        return pfnfsync(fd);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           fdatasync()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fdatasync( int fd )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fdatasync(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
        return 0;
    else
        return pfnfdatasync(fd);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            __fxstat()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL __fxstat( int ver, int fd, struct stat *buf )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    std::string name;
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX)
        if( oMapDirFdToName.find(fd) != oMapDirFdToName.end())
        {
            name = oMapDirFdToName[fd];
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD )
                DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
        }
    }
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "__fxstat(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( !name.empty() )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
            fprintf(stderr, "__fxstat(%s)\n", name.c_str());
        int ret = VSIStatL(name.c_str(), &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(name.c_str()));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__fxstat ret = 0, mode = %d, size = %d\n",
                        sStatBufL.st_mode, static_cast<int>(sStatBufL.st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        {
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
            name = oMapVSIToString[fpVSIL];
        }
        int ret = VSIStatL(name.c_str(), &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(name.c_str()));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__fxstat ret = 0, mode = %d, size = %d\n",
                        sStatBufL.st_mode, static_cast<int>(sStatBufL.st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
        return pfn__fxstat(ver, fd, buf);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           __fxstat64()                               */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL __fxstat64( int ver, int fd, struct stat64 *buf )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "__fxstat64(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        std::string name;
        {
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
            name = oMapVSIToString[fpVSIL];
        }
        int ret = VSIStatL(name.c_str(), &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(name.c_str()));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf64(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__fxstat64 ret = 0, mode = %d, size = %d\n",
                        buf->st_mode, static_cast<int>(buf->st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
        return pfn__fxstat64(ver, fd, buf);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           __fxstatat()                               */
/************************************************************************/

#ifdef HAVE_FSTATAT
int CPL_DLL __fxstatat( int ver, int dirfd, const char *pathname, struct stat *buf,
                int flags )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(pathname);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && !osCurDir.empty() )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "__fxstatat(dirfd=%d,pathname=%s,flags=%d)\n",
                dirfd, pathname, flags);

    if( !osCurDir.empty() || STARTS_WITH(pathname, "/vsi") )
    {
        VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
        if( !osCurDir.empty() && dirfd == AT_FDCWD && pathname[0] != '/' )
            pathname = CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), pathname, nullptr);
        const int ret = VSIStatL(pathname, &sStatBufL);
        sStatBufL.st_ino = static_cast<int>(CPLHashSetHashStr(pathname));
        if( ret == 0 )
        {
            copyVSIStatBufLToBuf(&sStatBufL, buf);
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "__fxstatat(%s) ret = 0, mode = %d, size = %d\n",
                        pathname, buf->st_mode, static_cast<int>(buf->st_size));
        }
        return ret;
    }
    else
        return pfn__fxstatat(ver, dirfd, pathname, buf, flags);
}
#endif

/************************************************************************/
/*                              lseek()                                 */
/************************************************************************/

off_t CPL_DLL lseek( int fd, off_t off, int whence )
{
    myinit();
    off_t ret;
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr,
                "lseek(fd=%d, off=%d, whence=%d)\n",
                fd, static_cast<int>(off), whence);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        VSIFSeekLHelper(fpVSIL, off, whence);
        ret = VSIFTellL(fpVSIL);
    }
    else
        ret = pfnlseek(fd, off, whence);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "lseek() -> ret = %d\n", static_cast<int>(ret));
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             lseek64()                                */
/************************************************************************/

off64_t CPL_DLL lseek64( int fd, off64_t off, int whence )
{
    myinit();
    off_t ret;
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr,
                "lseek64(fd=%d, off=%d, whence=%d)\n",
                fd, static_cast<int>(off), whence);
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        VSIFSeekLHelper(fpVSIL, off, whence);
        ret = VSIFTellL(fpVSIL);
    }
    else
        ret = pfnlseek64(fd, off, whence);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr,
                "lseek64() -> ret = %d\n", static_cast<int>(ret));
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                            truncate()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL truncate( const char *path, off_t length )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "truncate(%s)\n", path);

    int ret = 0;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        VSILFILE* fpVSIL = VSIFOpenL(path, "wb+");
        if( fpVSIL )
        {
            ret = VSIFTruncateL(fpVSIL, length);
            VSIFCloseL(fpVSIL);
        }
        else
            ret = -1;
    }
    else
        ret = pfntruncate(path, length);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                           ftruncate()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL ftruncate( int fd, off_t length )
{
    myinit();
    VSILFILE* fpVSIL = getVSILFILE(fd);
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(fpVSIL);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "ftruncate(fd=%d)\n", fd);
    int ret = 0;
    if( fpVSIL != nullptr )
    {
        ret = VSIFTruncateL(fpVSIL, length);
    }
    else
        ret = pfnftruncate(fd, length);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             opendir()                                */
/************************************************************************/

DIR CPL_DLL *opendir( const char *name )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(name);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD && !osCurDir.empty() )
        DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "opendir(%s)\n", name);

    DIR * ret;
    if( !osCurDir.empty() || STARTS_WITH(name, "/vsi") )
    {
        char** papszDir;
        if( !osCurDir.empty() && name[0] != '/' )
            name = CPLFormFilename(osCurDir.c_str(), name, nullptr);
        papszDir = VSIReadDir(name);
        if( papszDir == nullptr )
        {
            VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
            if( VSIStatL(name, &sStatBufL) == 0 && S_ISDIR(sStatBufL.st_mode) )
            {
                papszDir = static_cast<char **>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(char*)));
                papszDir[0] = nullptr;
            }
        }
        if( papszDir == nullptr )
            ret = nullptr;
        else
        {
            VSIDIRPreload* mydir = static_cast<VSIDIRPreload *>(malloc(sizeof(VSIDIRPreload)));
            mydir->pszDirname = CPLStrdup(name);
            mydir->papszDir = papszDir;
            mydir->nIter = 0;
            mydir->fd = -1;
            ret = (DIR*)mydir;
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
            oSetVSIDIRPreload.insert(mydir);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        ret = pfnopendir(name);
    }
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "opendir(%s) -> %p\n", name, ret);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             filldir()                                */
/************************************************************************/

static bool filldir( VSIDIRPreload* mydir )
{
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(mydir);
    char* pszName = mydir->papszDir[mydir->nIter++];
    if( pszName == nullptr )
        return false;
    mydir->ent.d_ino = 0;
    mydir->ent.d_off = 0;
    mydir->ent.d_reclen = sizeof(mydir->ent);
    VSIStatBufL sStatBufL;
    CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(VSIStatL(CPLFormFilename(mydir->pszDirname, pszName, nullptr), &sStatBufL));
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND && S_ISDIR(sStatBufL.st_mode) )
        fprintf(stderr, "%s is dir\n", pszName);
    mydir->ent.d_type = S_ISDIR(sStatBufL.st_mode) ? DT_DIR :
                        S_ISREG(sStatBufL.st_mode) ? DT_REG :
                        S_ISLNK(sStatBufL.st_mode) ? DT_LNK :
                        DT_UNKNOWN;
    strncpy(mydir->ent.d_name, pszName, 256);
    mydir->ent.d_name[255] = '\0';

    mydir->ent64.d_ino = 0;
    mydir->ent64.d_off = 0;
    mydir->ent64.d_reclen = sizeof(mydir->ent64);
    mydir->ent64.d_type = mydir->ent.d_type;
    strcpy(mydir->ent64.d_name, mydir->ent.d_name);

    return true;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             readdir()                                */
/************************************************************************/

struct dirent CPL_DLL *readdir( DIR *dirp )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "readdir(%p)\n", dirp);
    if( oSetVSIDIRPreload.find((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp) != oSetVSIDIRPreload.end() )
    {
        VSIDIRPreload* mydir = (VSIDIRPreload*)dirp;
        if( !filldir(mydir) )
            return nullptr;

        return &(mydir->ent);
    }
    else
        return pfnreaddir(dirp);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             readdir64()                              */
/************************************************************************/

struct dirent64 CPL_DLL *readdir64( DIR *dirp )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "readdir64(%p)\n", dirp);
    if( oSetVSIDIRPreload.find((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp) != oSetVSIDIRPreload.end() )
    {
        VSIDIRPreload* mydir = (VSIDIRPreload*)dirp;
        if( !filldir(mydir) )
            return nullptr;

        return &(mydir->ent64);
    }
    else
        return pfnreaddir64(dirp);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                             closedir()                               */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL closedir( DIR *dirp )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "closedir(%p)\n", dirp);
    if( oSetVSIDIRPreload.find((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp) != oSetVSIDIRPreload.end() )
    {
        VSIDIRPreload* mydir = (VSIDIRPreload*)dirp;
        CPLFree(mydir->pszDirname);
        CSLDestroy(mydir->papszDir);
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
        if( mydir->fd >= 0 )
        {
            oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload.erase(mydir->fd);
            close(mydir->fd);
        }
        oSetVSIDIRPreload.erase(mydir);
        free(mydir);
        return 0;
    }
    else
        return pfnclosedir(dirp);
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                               dirfd()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL dirfd( DIR *dirp )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "dirfd(%p)\n", dirp);
    int ret = 0;
    if( oSetVSIDIRPreload.find((VSIDIRPreload*)dirp) != oSetVSIDIRPreload.end() )
    {
        VSIDIRPreload* mydir = (VSIDIRPreload*)dirp;
        if( mydir->fd < 0 )
        {
            mydir->fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDONLY);
            CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
            oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload[mydir->fd] = mydir;
        }
        ret = mydir->fd;
    }
    else
        ret = pfndirfd(dirp);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "dirfd(%p) -> %d\n", dirp, ret);
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                              fchdir()                                */
/************************************************************************/

int CPL_DLL fchdir( int fd )
{
    VSIDIRPreload* mydir = nullptr;
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX);
        if( oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload.find(fd) != oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload.end() )
            mydir = oMapfdToVSIDIRPreload[fd];
    }
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(mydir);
    std::string name;
    {
        CPLLockHolderD(&hLock, LOCK_RECURSIVE_MUTEX)
        if( oMapDirFdToName.find(fd) != oMapDirFdToName.end())
        {
            name = oMapDirFdToName[fd];
            if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD )
                DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = 1;
        }
    }
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "fchdir(%d)\n", fd);
    if( !name.empty() )
    {
        osCurDir = name;
        if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
            fprintf(stderr, "fchdir(%d) -> %s\n", fd, osCurDir.c_str());
        return 0;
    }
    else if( mydir != nullptr )
    {
        osCurDir = mydir->pszDirname;
        if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
            fprintf(stderr, "fchdir(%d) -> %s\n", fd, osCurDir.c_str());
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        osCurDir = "";
        if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
            fprintf(stderr, "fchdir(%d) -> %s\n", fd, osCurDir.c_str());
        return pfnfchdir(fd);
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                        acl_extended_file()                           */
/************************************************************************/

// #include <acl/acl.h>
extern "C" int CPL_DLL acl_extended_file(const char *name);
DECLARE_SYMBOL(acl_extended_file, int, (const char *name));

int acl_extended_file( const char *path )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND )
        fprintf(stderr, "acl_extended_file(%s)\n", path);
    int ret = 0;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
        ret = -1;
    else
    {
        if( pfnacl_extended_file == nullptr )
            pfnacl_extended_file =
                (fnacl_extended_fileType) dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "acl_extended_file");
        if( pfnacl_extended_file == nullptr )
            ret = -1;
        else
            ret = pfnacl_extended_file(path);
    }
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          getfilecon()                                */
/************************************************************************/

// #include <selinux/selinux.h>
extern "C" int CPL_DLL getfilecon(const char *name, void* con);
DECLARE_SYMBOL(getfilecon, int, (const char *name, void* con));

int getfilecon( const char *path, /*security_context_t **/ void* con )
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "getfilecon(%s)\n", path);
    int ret = 0;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        errno = ENOTSUP;
        ret = -1;
    }
    else
    {
        if( pfngetfilecon == nullptr )
            pfngetfilecon = (fngetfileconType) dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "getfilecon");
        if( pfngetfilecon == nullptr )
            ret = -1;
        else
            ret = pfngetfilecon(path, con);
    }
    return ret;
}

/************************************************************************/
/*                          lgetfilecon()                                */
/************************************************************************/

// #include <selinux/selinux.h>
extern "C" int CPL_DLL lgetfilecon(const char *name, void* con);
DECLARE_SYMBOL(lgetfilecon, int, (const char *name, void* con));

int lgetfilecon(const char *path, /*security_context_t **/ void* con)
{
    myinit();
    int DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND = GET_DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND(path);
    if( DEBUG_VSIPRELOAD_COND ) fprintf(stderr, "lgetfilecon(%s)\n", path);
    int ret = 0;
    if( STARTS_WITH(path, "/vsi") )
    {
        errno = ENOTSUP;
        ret = -1;
    }
    else
    {
        if( pfnlgetfilecon == nullptr )
            pfnlgetfilecon =
                (fnlgetfileconType) dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, "lgetfilecon");
        if( pfnlgetfilecon == nullptr )
            ret = -1;
        else
            ret = pfnlgetfilecon(path, con);
    }
    return ret;
}