/*
Copyright 2016-2017 Esri
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

Contributors:  Lucian Plesea
*/

/*

A 2D bitmask stored in 4x4 or 8x8 units
While it is a template over unit type, the only valid types are 
unsigned 16bit and unsigned 64bit

Obviously not thread safe while any bit gets modified

*/
#if !defined(BITMASK2D_H)
#define BITMASK2D_H
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>


// For CPL_MSB and swap functions
#include <cpl_port.h>

#include "marfa.h"
#if defined(PACKER)
#include "Packer.h"
#endif

NAMESPACE_MRF_START
// integer sqrt at compile time
// N is the number, M is the number of refining iterations
template<int N, int M = 4> struct Sqrt {
    static const int value = 
        (Sqrt<N, M - 1>::value + N / Sqrt<N, M - 1>::value) / 2;
};

// End condition
template<int N> struct Sqrt<N, 0> {
    static const int value = N / 2;
};

// Round up division by N
template<unsigned int N> static int Chunks(int x) {
    return 1 + (x - 1) / N;
}

//// These exist in C++11, so we name them with upper case
//template < typename T1, typename T2 > struct Is_Same {
//    enum { value = false }; // is_same represents a bool.
//    typedef Is_Same<T1, T2> type; // to qualify as a metafunction.
//};
//
//
////// Specialization
//template < typename T > struct Is_Same<T,T> {
//    enum { value = true };
//    typedef Is_Same<T, T> type;
//};
//

// linear size of storage unit, 4 or 8
#define TGSIZE Sqrt<sizeof(T)*8>::value

template<typename T = unsigned long long> class BitMap2D {
public:
    // Initialized to all bits set
    BitMap2D(unsigned int width, unsigned int height) : _w(width), _h(height)
    {
        // Prevent creation of bitmasks using any other types

        // Uncomment these statements to enforce only 64 and 16 bit units
        // They work but generate warnings on some compilers
        // Is_Same<T, unsigned long long>::type a;
        // Is_Same<T, unsigned short>::type b;
        // if (!(a.value || b.value))
        //   throw std::out_of_range("Only bitmap units of unsigned 16 and 64 bits work");

        // Precalculate row size in storage units, for speed
        _lw = Chunks<TGSIZE>(_w);
        // Defaults to all set
        init(~(T)0);
#if defined(PACKER)
        _packer = nullptr;
#endif
    }

    int getWidth() const { return _w; }
    int getHeight() const { return _h; }

    // Size in bytes
    size_t size() const {
        return _bits.size() * sizeof(T); 
    }

    // Returns the condition of a specific bit
    bool isSet(int x, int y) const {
        return 0 != (_bits[_idx(x, y)] & _bitmask(x, y));
    }

    void set(int x, int y) {
        _bits[_idx(x, y)] |= _bitmask(x, y);
    }

    void clear(int x, int y) {
        _bits[_idx(x, y)] &= ~_bitmask(x, y);
    }

    // Set a location bit to true or false
    void assign(int x, int y, bool val = true) {
        if (val) set(x,y);
        else clear(x,y);
    }

    // Flip a bit
    void flip(int x, int y) {
        _bits[_idx(x, y)] ^= _bitmask(x, y);
    }

    // Set all units to same bit pattern by unit
    // Use init(~(T)0)) for all set
    void init(T val) {
        _bits.assign(Chunks<TGSIZE>(_w) * Chunks<TGSIZE>(_h), val);
    }

 // Support for store and load
#if defined(PACKER)

    void set_packer(Packer *packer) { _packer = packer; }

    int store(storage_manager *dst) {
        int result;
        storage_manager src = { reinterpret_cast<char *>(&_bits[0]), size() };
        // Store the bytes in little endian format
        swab();
        if (_packer)
            result = _packer->store(&src, dst);
        else
            result = Packer().store(&src, dst);
        swab();
        return result;
    }

    int load(storage_manager *src) {
        int result;
        storage_manager dst = { reinterpret_cast<char *>(&_bits[0]), size() };
        if (_packer)
            result = _packer->load(src, &dst);
        else
            result = Packer().load(src, &dst);
        swab();
        return result;
    }
#endif

private:
    // unit index
    unsigned int _idx(int x, int y) const {
        return  _lw * (y / TGSIZE) + x / TGSIZE;
    }

    // one bit mask within a unit
    static T _bitmask(int x, int y) {
        return static_cast<T>(1) << (TGSIZE * (y % TGSIZE) + x % TGSIZE);
    }

#if defined(PACKER)
// Swap bytes of storage units within the bitmap to low endian
#if defined(CPL_LSB)
    static void swab() {}
#else
    void swab() {
        for (size_t i = 0; i < _bits.size(); i++)
            if (sizeof(T) == sizeof(GUIntBig))
                CPL_SWAP64PTR(reinterpret_cast<GUIntBig *>(&_bits[i]))
            else
                CPL_SWAP16PTR(reinterpret_cast<GUInt16 *> (&_bits[i]));
    }
#endif

    // Class that provides export and import capabilities, not owned
    Packer *_packer;
#endif

    // bit storage vector
    std::vector<T> _bits;
    // width and height of bitmap
    unsigned int _w, _h;
    // Line size in linear chunks
    unsigned int _lw;
};

#undef TGSIZE
NAMESPACE_MRF_END
#endif