# "Framework"

Some totally unrelated things that might let you get away with not using a more complicated framework. I wrote it in about a day. More of a demo than a production tool.

## About
When the big frameworks were shiny and new, they brought massive amounts of power to the Javascript language. Seeing a front-end template rendered, and then re-rendered and manipulated in real time, seemed like some kind of black magic, as did data binding, routing, and any of the other techniques used to build real applications in Javascript.

However, their popularity has completely transformed the Javascript language, and today many of the big ideas that made applications possible in Javascript have been reduced from giant libraries to native functions, often with greater simplicity & refinement. While we owe a great deal to those who pioneered these techniques in some of the major frameworks (still popular today), replicating some of their most powerful features has become a much simplier task.

To demonstrate this, I created a very small (~300 loc) "framework" called **Framework**. Ideally, you might learn something from it, or use it to gain insight into where the javascript language (and frameworks!) could move once new features like `Object.observe` are implemented. Thanks for looking!


## Plug

If you enjoyed this, please take a look at our project, <a href="http://featurekit.co">featurekit</a>. It's the simplest way to share updates with your users & gain valuable feedback to improve your product. Even better, it's free.

## Demo

http://kidgodzilla.github.io/framework/

## "MV*"
#### Model
- App.data `{}`
- Getters & Setters
- One-way data binding

#### Views
- Templating
- Routing

#### Controllers
- Obsolete much?

## Features
#### Template engine
- String Interpolation with javascript objects
- For loops
- Switch statements
- Conditionals

#### Router
- Automatically registers templates -> routes
- Loads the correct route from URL
- Handles forward / backward state changes
- Intercepts [href] click events (through delegation) & routes them
- Automatically passes URL parameters (additional, unused route segments) to routing function


## Approximate Size
**Core Object:** 160 loc
<br>**Data Binding:** 20 loc
<br>**Utils:** 32 loc
<br>**Router:** 112 loc
<br>**Template Engine:** 50 loc

## Usage

#### Importing Dependencies
Take a close look at `loader.js`. This provides you a few simple hooks to load dependencies, either locally or from a CDN.

#### Creating Templates
Templating.js includes a feature-complete template engine, & any templates in your document will automatically become routes & views. Simply use the following syntax:

```html
<template data-pathname="index">
  <h2>Your content here</h2>
</template>
```
* You should specify, at minimum, an index template.

#### More Advanced Templating
Syntax for most things (conditionals, loops) tracks very closely to underscore.js & lodash.

```html
<template data-pathname="index">
  <% if (App.data.pageTitle) { %>
    <h2><%= App.data.pageTitle %></h2>
  <% } %>
  
  <ul>
  <% for (var index in items) { %>
    <%= items[index] %>
  <% } %>
  </ul>
</template>
```

#### Linking to Routes
Anything with an `href` attribute will be observed using event delegation. If you link to a hash, it will be handled automatically.

```html
<template data-pathname="index">
  <a href="#foo">foo</a>
  <h3>Index</h3>
</template>

<template data-pathname="foo">
  <a href="#">Go Home</a>
  <h3>foo!</h3>
</template>
```

#### Programmatic Route Transitions
Need to hook into a route transition from within your app? No problem! Simply call:

```javascript
Router.routeTo(<route-name>);
```

#### Data Modeling
Getter and Setter methods are provided as `App.get()` and `App.set()` for very basic data management. See an example:

```javascript
var name = prompt('what is your name?');
App.set('name', name);

// Later
alert('I remember your name! It's ' + App.get('name'));
```

#### Data Binding
"Framework" implements a wrapper around `Object.observe()` to facilitate one-way data binding in modern browsers. If your browser doesn't support this, you might need a <a href="https://github.com/MaxArt2501/object-observe" target="_new">polyfill</a>.

```javascript
// Logs to the console whenever Binding.data.previousRouteUnloadFunction is changed
Binding.bind('previousRouteUnloadFunction', function (newValue) {
    console.log(newValue);
});
```

#### Event Delegation
Just use jQuery (1.6+)! It offers very nice syntax for event delegation:

```javascript
// Log to the console when #foo is clicked
$('body').on('click', '#foo', function () {
  console.log('#foo was clicked!');
});
```

Alternatively, if you are coming from AngularJS & enjoy it's declarative syntax, you could try javascript's built-in, declarative event-binding syntax:

```html
<a onclick="Router.goBack()">Go Back</a>
<a onclick="App.addNewItem()">Add New Item</a>
<input id="input2" type="text" onkeyup="App.handleBoundData('#input2')">
```
See http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/dom_obj_event.asp for a longer list of DOM events.


#### Computed Properties

Computed properties are a very useful pattern, popularized by EmberJS. Fortunately, they already exist in javascript:

```javascript
var obj = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName: "Doe",
  fullname: function () {
    return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName;
  }
};

console.log(obj.fullname());
```

#### HTML Imports / Includes
You can opt-in to HTML Imports by calling the following utility method from your app:

```javascript
Utils.HTMLIncludes();
```

This will use ajax to load HTML into the content of any element with the `[data-source-url]` attribute. Note that CORS applies, but in most situations, it should not be an issue if you're using local pathnames.
Also, it will replace the content of a section with imported content, so the container should be empty.

#### Utilities, Data Manipulation, Ajax, etc.
Between lodash & jQuery, you should be fine.

## Updates

#### September 1st, 2015
- Templates are now compiled using a light wrapper for the lodash _.template function
- Added a lightweight wrapper for the x-tag component library + examples

#### August 29th, 2015
- Code Cleanup

#### August 27th, 2015
- Initial release


## Adding Features

If you find something useful & would like to improve this repository, or think something's missing (maybe something you're used to in one of the major frameworks), please, open an issue or make a pull request.