---
permalink: /helpers/Puppeteer
editLink: false
sidebar: auto
title: Puppeteer
---

<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->

## Puppeteer

**Extends Helper**

Uses [Google Chrome's Puppeteer][1] library to run tests inside headless Chrome.
Browser control is executed via DevTools Protocol (instead of Selenium).
This helper works with a browser out of the box with no additional tools required to install.

Requires `puppeteer` or `puppeteer-core` package to be installed.

    npm i puppeteer --save

or

    npm i puppeteer-core --save

Using `puppeteer-core` package, will prevent the download of browser binaries and allow connecting to an existing browser installation or for connecting to a remote one.

> Experimental Firefox support [can be activated][2].



## Configuration

This helper should be configured in codecept.conf.js

Type: [object][4]

### Properties

-   `url` **[string][6]** base url of website to be tested
-   `basicAuth` **[object][4]?** (optional) the basic authentication to pass to base url. Example: {username: 'username', password: 'password'}
-   `show` **[boolean][17]?** show Google Chrome window for debug.
-   `restart` **[boolean][17]?** restart browser between tests.
-   `disableScreenshots` **[boolean][17]?** don't save screenshot on failure.
-   `fullPageScreenshots` **[boolean][17]?** make full page screenshots on failure.
-   `uniqueScreenshotNames` **[boolean][17]?** option to prevent screenshot override if you have scenarios with the same name in different suites.
-   `keepBrowserState` **[boolean][17]?** keep browser state between tests when `restart` is set to false.
-   `keepCookies` **[boolean][17]?** keep cookies between tests when `restart` is set to false.
-   `waitForAction` **[number][8]?** how long to wait after click, doubleClick or PressKey actions in ms. Default: 100.
-   `waitForNavigation` **[string][6]?** when to consider navigation succeeded. Possible options: `load`, `domcontentloaded`, `networkidle0`, `networkidle2`. See [Puppeteer API][20]. Array values are accepted as well.
-   `pressKeyDelay` **[number][8]?** delay between key presses in ms. Used when calling Puppeteers page.type(...) in fillField/appendField
-   `getPageTimeout` **[number][8]?** config option to set maximum navigation time in milliseconds. If the timeout is set to 0, then timeout will be disabled.
-   `waitForTimeout` **[number][8]?** default wait* timeout in ms.
-   `windowSize` **[string][6]?** default window size. Set a dimension in format WIDTHxHEIGHT like `640x480`.
-   `userAgent` **[string][6]?** user-agent string.
-   `manualStart` **[boolean][17]?** do not start browser before a test, start it manually inside a helper with `this.helpers["Puppeteer"]._startBrowser()`.
-   `browser` **[string][6]?** can be changed to `firefox` when using [puppeteer-firefox][2].
-   `chrome` **[object][4]?** pass additional [Puppeteer run options][22].



#### Example #1: Wait for 0 network connections.

```js
{
   helpers: {
     Puppeteer : {
       url: "http://localhost",
       restart: false,
       waitForNavigation: "networkidle0",
       waitForAction: 500
     }
   }
}
```

#### Example #2: Wait for DOMContentLoaded event and 0 network connections

```js
{
   helpers: {
     Puppeteer : {
       url: "http://localhost",
       restart: false,
       waitForNavigation: [ "domcontentloaded", "networkidle0" ],
       waitForAction: 500
     }
   }
}
```

#### Example #3: Debug in window mode

```js
{
   helpers: {
     Puppeteer : {
       url: "http://localhost",
       show: true
     }
   }
}
```

#### Example #4: Connect to remote browser by specifying [websocket endpoint][3]

```js
{
   helpers: {
     Puppeteer: {
       url: "http://localhost",
       chrome: {
         browserWSEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222/devtools/browser/c5aa6160-b5bc-4d53-bb49-6ecb36cd2e0a"
       }
     }
   }
}
```

> Note: When connecting to remote browser `show` and specific `chrome` options (e.g. `headless` or `devtools`) are ignored.

#### Example #5: Target URL with provided basic authentication

```js
{
   helpers: {
     Puppeteer : {
       url: 'http://localhost',
       basicAuth: {username: 'username', password: 'password'},
       show: true
     }
   }
}
```

#### Troubleshooting

Error Message:  `No usable sandbox!`

When running Puppeteer on CI try to disable sandbox if you see that message

    helpers: {
     Puppeteer: {
        url: 'http://localhost',
        show: false,
        chrome: {
          args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox']
        }
      },
    }

## Access From Helpers

Receive Puppeteer client from a custom helper by accessing `browser` for the Browser object or `page` for the current Page object:

```js
const { browser } = this.helpers.Puppeteer;
await browser.pages(); // List of pages in the browser

const { page } = this.helpers.Puppeteer;
await page.url(); // Get the url of the current page
```

## Methods

### Parameters

-   `config`  

### _addPopupListener

Add the 'dialog' event listener to a page

#### Parameters

-   `page`  

### _getPageUrl

Gets page URL including hash.

### _locate

Get elements by different locator types, including strict locator
Should be used in custom helpers:

```js
const elements = await this.helpers['Puppeteer']._locate({name: 'password'});
```




This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


#### Parameters

-   `locator`  

### _locateCheckable

Find a checkbox by providing human readable text:
NOTE: Assumes the checkable element exists

```js
this.helpers['Puppeteer']._locateCheckable('I agree with terms and conditions').then // ...
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  
-   `providedContext`   

### _locateClickable

Find a clickable element by providing human readable text:

```js
this.helpers['Puppeteer']._locateClickable('Next page').then // ...
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  

### _locateFields

Find field elements by providing human readable text:

```js
this.helpers['Puppeteer']._locateFields('Your email').then // ...
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  

### _setPage

Set current page

#### Parameters

-   `page` **[object][4]** page to set

### acceptPopup

Accepts the active JavaScript native popup window, as created by window.alert|window.confirm|window.prompt.
Don't confuse popups with modal windows, as created by [various
libraries][5].

### amAcceptingPopups

Set the automatic popup response to Accept.
This must be set before a popup is triggered.

```js
I.amAcceptingPopups();
I.click('#triggerPopup');
I.acceptPopup();
```

### amCancellingPopups

Set the automatic popup response to Cancel/Dismiss.
This must be set before a popup is triggered.

```js
I.amCancellingPopups();
I.click('#triggerPopup');
I.cancelPopup();
```

### amOnPage

Opens a web page in a browser. Requires relative or absolute url.
If url starts with `/`, opens a web page of a site defined in `url` config parameter.

```js
I.amOnPage('/'); // opens main page of website
I.amOnPage('https://github.com'); // opens github
I.amOnPage('/login'); // opens a login page
```

#### Parameters

-   `url` **[string][6]** url path or global url.

Returns **void** automatically synchronized promise with recorder #!

### appendField

Appends text to a input field or textarea.
Field is located by name, label, CSS or XPath

```js
I.appendField('#myTextField', 'appended');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator
-   `value` **[string][6]** text value to append.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### attachFile

Attaches a file to element located by label, name, CSS or XPath
Path to file is relative current codecept directory (where codecept.json or codecept.conf.js is located).
File will be uploaded to remote system (if tests are running remotely).

```js
I.attachFile('Avatar', 'data/avatar.jpg');
I.attachFile('form input[name=avatar]', 'data/avatar.jpg');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** field located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `pathToFile` **[string][6]** local file path relative to codecept.json config file.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder> ⚠ There is an [issue with file upload in Puppeteer 2.1.0 & 2.1.1][7], downgrade to 2.0.0 if you face it.

### cancelPopup

Dismisses the active JavaScript popup, as created by window.alert|window.confirm|window.prompt.

### checkOption

Selects a checkbox or radio button.
Element is located by label or name or CSS or XPath.

The second parameter is a context (CSS or XPath locator) to narrow the search.

```js
I.checkOption('#agree');
I.checkOption('I Agree to Terms and Conditions');
I.checkOption('agree', '//form');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** checkbox located by label | name | CSS | XPath | strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element located by CSS | XPath | strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### clearCookie

Clears a cookie by name,
if none provided clears all cookies.

```js
I.clearCookie();
I.clearCookie('test');
```

#### Parameters

-   `name`  
-   `cookie` **[string][6]?** (optional, `null` by default) cookie name
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### clearField

Clears a `<textarea>` or text `<input>` element's value.

```js
I.clearField('Email');
I.clearField('user[email]');
I.clearField('#email');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field`  
-   `editable` **([string][6] | [object][4])** field located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### click

Perform a click on a link or a button, given by a locator.
If a fuzzy locator is given, the page will be searched for a button, link, or image matching the locator string.
For buttons, the "value" attribute, "name" attribute, and inner text are searched. For links, the link text is searched.
For images, the "alt" attribute and inner text of any parent links are searched.

The second parameter is a context (CSS or XPath locator) to narrow the search.

```js
// simple link
I.click('Logout');
// button of form
I.click('Submit');
// CSS button
I.click('#form input[type=submit]');
// XPath
I.click('//form/*[@type=submit]');
// link in context
I.click('Logout', '#nav');
// using strict locator
I.click({css: 'nav a.login'});
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** clickable link or button located by text, or any element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4] | null)** (optional, `null` by default) element to search in CSS|XPath|Strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### clickLink

Performs a click on a link and waits for navigation before moving on.

```js
I.clickLink('Logout', '#nav');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** clickable link or button located by text, or any element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element to search in CSS|XPath|Strict locator
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### closeCurrentTab

Close current tab and switches to previous.

```js
I.closeCurrentTab();
```

### closeOtherTabs

Close all tabs except for the current one.

```js
I.closeOtherTabs();
```

### dontSee

Opposite to `see`. Checks that a text is not present on a page.
Use context parameter to narrow down the search.

```js
I.dontSee('Login'); // assume we are already logged in.
I.dontSee('Login', '.nav'); // no login inside .nav element
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** which is not present.
-   `context` **([string][6] | [object][4])?** (optional) element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator in which to perfrom search.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### dontSeeCheckboxIsChecked

Verifies that the specified checkbox is not checked.

```js
I.dontSeeCheckboxIsChecked('#agree'); // located by ID
I.dontSeeCheckboxIsChecked('I agree to terms'); // located by label
I.dontSeeCheckboxIsChecked('agree'); // located by name
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeCookie

Checks that cookie with given name does not exist.

```js
I.dontSeeCookie('auth'); // no auth cookie
```

#### Parameters

-   `name` **[string][6]** cookie name.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeCurrentUrlEquals

Checks that current url is not equal to provided one.
If a relative url provided, a configured url will be prepended to it.

```js
I.dontSeeCurrentUrlEquals('/login'); // relative url are ok
I.dontSeeCurrentUrlEquals('http://mysite.com/login'); // absolute urls are also ok
```

#### Parameters

-   `url` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeElement

Opposite to `seeElement`. Checks that element is not visible (or in DOM)

```js
I.dontSeeElement('.modal'); // modal is not shown
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|Strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### dontSeeElementInDOM

Opposite to `seeElementInDOM`. Checks that element is not on page.

```js
I.dontSeeElementInDOM('.nav'); // checks that element is not on page visible or not
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|Strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeInCurrentUrl

Checks that current url does not contain a provided fragment.

#### Parameters

-   `url` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeInField

Checks that value of input field or textarea doesn't equal to given value
Opposite to `seeInField`.

```js
I.dontSeeInField('email', 'user@user.com'); // field by name
I.dontSeeInField({ css: 'form input.email' }, 'user@user.com'); // field by CSS
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `value` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeInSource

Checks that the current page does not contains the given string in its raw source code.

```js
I.dontSeeInSource('<!--'); // no comments in source
```

#### Parameters

-   `text`  
-   `value` **[string][6]** to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dontSeeInTitle

Checks that title does not contain text.

```js
I.dontSeeInTitle('Error');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### doubleClick

Performs a double-click on an element matched by link|button|label|CSS or XPath.
Context can be specified as second parameter to narrow search.

```js
I.doubleClick('Edit');
I.doubleClick('Edit', '.actions');
I.doubleClick({css: 'button.accept'});
I.doubleClick('.btn.edit');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** clickable link or button located by text, or any element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element to search in CSS|XPath|Strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### downloadFile

This method is **deprecated**.

Please use `handleDownloads()` instead.

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  
-   `customName`  

### dragAndDrop

Drag an item to a destination element.

```js
I.dragAndDrop('#dragHandle', '#container');
```

#### Parameters

-   `srcElement` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `destElement` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### dragSlider

Drag the scrubber of a slider to a given position
For fuzzy locators, fields are matched by label text, the "name" attribute, CSS, and XPath.

```js
I.dragSlider('#slider', 30);
I.dragSlider('#slider', -70);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `offsetX` **[number][8]** position to drag.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### executeAsyncScript

Executes async script on page.
Provided function should execute a passed callback (as first argument) to signal it is finished.

Example: In Vue.js to make components completely rendered we are waiting for [nextTick][9].

```js
I.executeAsyncScript(function(done) {
  Vue.nextTick(done); // waiting for next tick
});
```

By passing value to `done()` function you can return values.
Additional arguments can be passed as well, while `done` function is always last parameter in arguments list.

```js
let val = await I.executeAsyncScript(function(url, done) {
  // in browser context
  $.ajax(url, { success: (data) => done(data); }
}, 'http://ajax.callback.url/');
```

#### Parameters

-   `args` **...any** to be passed to function.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorderAsynchronous scripts can also be executed with `executeScript` if a function returns a Promise.
-   `fn` **([string][6] | [function][10])** function to be executed in browser context.

### executeScript

Executes sync script on a page.
Pass arguments to function as additional parameters.
Will return execution result to a test.
In this case you should use async function and await to receive results.

Example with jQuery DatePicker:

```js
// change date of jQuery DatePicker
I.executeScript(function() {
  // now we are inside browser context
  $('date').datetimepicker('setDate', new Date());
});
```

Can return values. Don't forget to use `await` to get them.

```js
let date = await I.executeScript(function(el) {
  // only basic types can be returned
  return $(el).datetimepicker('getDate').toString();
}, '#date'); // passing jquery selector
```

#### Parameters

-   `args` **...any** to be passed to function.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorderIf a function returns a Promise It will wait for it resolution.
-   `fn` **([string][6] | [function][10])** function to be executed in browser context.

### fillField

Fills a text field or textarea, after clearing its value, with the given string.
Field is located by name, label, CSS, or XPath.

```js
// by label
I.fillField('Email', 'hello@world.com');
// by name
I.fillField('password', secret('123456'));
// by CSS
I.fillField('form#login input[name=username]', 'John');
// or by strict locator
I.fillField({css: 'form#login input[name=username]'}, 'John');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `value` **([string][6] | [object][4])** text value to fill.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### forceClick

Perform an emulated click on a link or a button, given by a locator.
Unlike normal click instead of sending native event, emulates a click with JavaScript.
This works on hidden, animated or inactive elements as well.

If a fuzzy locator is given, the page will be searched for a button, link, or image matching the locator string.
For buttons, the "value" attribute, "name" attribute, and inner text are searched. For links, the link text is searched.
For images, the "alt" attribute and inner text of any parent links are searched.

The second parameter is a context (CSS or XPath locator) to narrow the search.

```js
// simple link
I.forceClick('Logout');
// button of form
I.forceClick('Submit');
// CSS button
I.forceClick('#form input[type=submit]');
// XPath
I.forceClick('//form/*[@type=submit]');
// link in context
I.forceClick('Logout', '#nav');
// using strict locator
I.forceClick({css: 'nav a.login'});
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** clickable link or button located by text, or any element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element to search in CSS|XPath|Strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### grabAttributeFrom

Retrieves an attribute from an element located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async with `await`** operator.
If more than one element is found - attribute of first element is returned.

```js
let hint = await I.grabAttributeFrom('#tooltip', 'title');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `attr` **[string][6]** attribute name.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** attribute value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabAttributeFromAll

Retrieves an array of attributes from elements located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async with `await`** operator.

```js
let hints = await I.grabAttributeFromAll('.tooltip', 'title');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `attr` **[string][6]** attribute name.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>** attribute value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabBrowserLogs

Get JS log from browser.

```js
let logs = await I.grabBrowserLogs();
console.log(JSON.stringify(logs))
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;any>>** 

### grabCookie

Gets a cookie object by name.
If none provided gets all cookies.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let cookie = await I.grabCookie('auth');
assert(cookie.value, '123456');
```

#### Parameters

-   `name` **[string][6]?** cookie name. 

Returns **([Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]> | [Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>)** attribute valueReturns cookie in JSON format. If name not passed returns all cookies for this domain.

### grabCssPropertyFrom

Grab CSS property for given locator
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside an async function with `await`** operator.
If more than one element is found - value of first element is returned.

```js
const value = await I.grabCssPropertyFrom('h3', 'font-weight');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `cssProperty` **[string][6]** CSS property name.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** CSS value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabCssPropertyFromAll

Grab array of CSS properties for given locator
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside an async function with `await`** operator.

```js
const values = await I.grabCssPropertyFromAll('h3', 'font-weight');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `cssProperty` **[string][6]** CSS property name.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>** CSS value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabCurrentUrl

Get current URL from browser.
Resumes test execution, so should be used inside an async function.

```js
let url = await I.grabCurrentUrl();
console.log(`Current URL is [${url}]`);
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** current URL

### grabDataFromPerformanceTiming

Grab the data from performance timing using Navigation Timing API.
The returned data will contain following things in ms:

-   responseEnd,
-   domInteractive,
-   domContentLoadedEventEnd,
-   loadEventEnd
    Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside an async function with `await`** operator.

```js
await I.amOnPage('https://example.com');
let data = await I.grabDataFromPerformanceTiming();
//Returned data
{ // all results are in [ms]
  responseEnd: 23,
  domInteractive: 44,
  domContentLoadedEventEnd: 196,
  loadEventEnd: 241
}
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;any>** automatically synchronized promise through #recorder

### grabElementBoundingRect

Grab the width, height, location of given locator.
Provide `width` or `height`as second param to get your desired prop.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside an async function with `await`** operator.

Returns an object with `x`, `y`, `width`, `height` keys.

```js
const value = await I.grabElementBoundingRect('h3');
// value is like { x: 226.5, y: 89, width: 527, height: 220 }
```

To get only one metric use second parameter:

```js
const width = await I.grabElementBoundingRect('h3', 'width');
// width == 527
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `prop`  
-   `elementSize` **[string][6]?** x, y, width or height of the given element.

Returns **([Promise][11]&lt;DOMRect> | [Promise][11]&lt;[number][8]>)** Element bounding rectangle

### grabHTMLFrom

Retrieves the innerHTML from an element located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.
If more than one element is found - HTML of first element is returned.

```js
let postHTML = await I.grabHTMLFrom('#post');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  
-   `element` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** HTML code for an element

### grabHTMLFromAll

Retrieves all the innerHTML from elements located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let postHTMLs = await I.grabHTMLFromAll('.post');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator`  
-   `element` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>** HTML code for an element

### grabNumberOfOpenTabs

Grab number of open tabs.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let tabs = await I.grabNumberOfOpenTabs();
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[number][8]>** number of open tabs

### grabNumberOfVisibleElements

Grab number of visible elements by locator.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let numOfElements = await I.grabNumberOfVisibleElements('p');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[number][8]>** number of visible elements



This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabPageScrollPosition

Retrieves a page scroll position and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside an async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let { x, y } = await I.grabPageScrollPosition();
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;PageScrollPosition>** scroll position

### grabPopupText

Grab the text within the popup. If no popup is visible then it will return null

```js
await I.grabPopupText();
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;([string][6] | null)>** 

### grabSource

Retrieves page source and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let pageSource = await I.grabSource();
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** source code

### grabTextFrom

Retrieves a text from an element located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async with `await`** operator.

```js
let pin = await I.grabTextFrom('#pin');
```

If multiple elements found returns first element.

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** attribute value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabTextFromAll

Retrieves all texts from an element located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async with `await`** operator.

```js
let pins = await I.grabTextFromAll('#pin li');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>** attribute value


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### grabTitle

Retrieves a page title and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async with `await`** operator.

```js
let title = await I.grabTitle();
```

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** title

### grabValueFrom

Retrieves a value from a form element located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.
If more than one element is found - value of first element is returned.

```js
let email = await I.grabValueFrom('input[name=email]');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** field located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[string][6]>** attribute value

### grabValueFromAll

Retrieves an array of value from a form located by CSS or XPath and returns it to test.
Resumes test execution, so **should be used inside async function with `await`** operator.

```js
let inputs = await I.grabValueFromAll('//form/input');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** field located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.

Returns **[Promise][11]&lt;[Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>>** attribute value

### handleDownloads

Sets a directory to where save files. Allows to test file downloads.
Should be used with [FileSystem helper][13] to check that file were downloaded correctly.

By default files are saved to `output/downloads`.
This directory is cleaned on every `handleDownloads` call, to ensure no old files are kept.

```js
I.handleDownloads();
I.click('Download Avatar');
I.amInPath('output/downloads');
I.seeFile('avatar.jpg');
```

#### Parameters

-   `downloadPath` **[string][6]** change this parameter to set another directory for saving 

### haveRequestHeaders

Set headers for all next requests

```js
I.haveRequestHeaders({
   'X-Sent-By': 'CodeceptJS',
});
```

#### Parameters

-   `customHeaders` **[object][4]** headers to set

### moveCursorTo

Moves cursor to element matched by locator.
Extra shift can be set with offsetX and offsetY options.

```js
I.moveCursorTo('.tooltip');
I.moveCursorTo('#submit', 5,5);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `offsetX` **[number][8]** (optional, `0` by default) X-axis offset. 
-   `offsetY` **[number][8]** (optional, `0` by default) Y-axis offset.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### openNewTab

Open new tab and switch to it

```js
I.openNewTab();
```

### pressKey

Presses a key in the browser (on a focused element).

_Hint:_ For populating text field or textarea, it is recommended to use [`fillField`][14].

```js
I.pressKey('Backspace');
```

To press a key in combination with modifier keys, pass the sequence as an array. All modifier keys (`'Alt'`, `'Control'`, `'Meta'`, `'Shift'`) will be released afterwards.

```js
I.pressKey(['Control', 'Z']);
```

For specifying operation modifier key based on operating system it is suggested to use `'CommandOrControl'`.
This will press `'Command'` (also known as `'Meta'`) on macOS machines and `'Control'` on non-macOS machines.

```js
I.pressKey(['CommandOrControl', 'Z']);
```

Some of the supported key names are:

-   `'AltLeft'` or `'Alt'`
-   `'AltRight'`
-   `'ArrowDown'`
-   `'ArrowLeft'`
-   `'ArrowRight'`
-   `'ArrowUp'`
-   `'Backspace'`
-   `'Clear'`
-   `'ControlLeft'` or `'Control'`
-   `'ControlRight'`
-   `'Command'`
-   `'CommandOrControl'`
-   `'Delete'`
-   `'End'`
-   `'Enter'`
-   `'Escape'`
-   `'F1'` to `'F12'`
-   `'Home'`
-   `'Insert'`
-   `'MetaLeft'` or `'Meta'`
-   `'MetaRight'`
-   `'Numpad0'` to `'Numpad9'`
-   `'NumpadAdd'`
-   `'NumpadDecimal'`
-   `'NumpadDivide'`
-   `'NumpadMultiply'`
-   `'NumpadSubtract'`
-   `'PageDown'`
-   `'PageUp'`
-   `'Pause'`
-   `'Return'`
-   `'ShiftLeft'` or `'Shift'`
-   `'ShiftRight'`
-   `'Space'`
-   `'Tab'`

#### Parameters

-   `key` **([string][6] | [Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>)** key or array of keys to press.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder_Note:_ Shortcuts like `'Meta'` + `'A'` do not work on macOS ([GoogleChrome/puppeteer#1313][15]).

### pressKeyDown

Presses a key in the browser and leaves it in a down state.

To make combinations with modifier key and user operation (e.g. `'Control'` + [`click`][16]).

```js
I.pressKeyDown('Control');
I.click('#element');
I.pressKeyUp('Control');
```

#### Parameters

-   `key` **[string][6]** name of key to press down.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### pressKeyUp

Releases a key in the browser which was previously set to a down state.

To make combinations with modifier key and user operation (e.g. `'Control'` + [`click`][16]).

```js
I.pressKeyDown('Control');
I.click('#element');
I.pressKeyUp('Control');
```

#### Parameters

-   `key` **[string][6]** name of key to release.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### refreshPage

Reload the current page.

```js
I.refreshPage();
```

[!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### resizeWindow

Resize the current window to provided width and height.
First parameter can be set to `maximize`.

#### Parameters

-   `width` **[number][8]** width in pixels or `maximize`.
-   `height` **[number][8]** height in pixels.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorderUnlike other drivers Puppeteer changes the size of a viewport, not the window!
    Puppeteer does not control the window of a browser so it can't adjust its real size.
    It also can't maximize a window.

### rightClick

Performs right click on a clickable element matched by semantic locator, CSS or XPath.

```js
// right click element with id el
I.rightClick('#el');
// right click link or button with text "Click me"
I.rightClick('Click me');
// right click button with text "Click me" inside .context
I.rightClick('Click me', '.context');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** clickable element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### saveElementScreenshot

Saves screenshot of the specified locator to ouput folder (set in codecept.json or codecept.conf.js).
Filename is relative to output folder.

```js
I.saveElementScreenshot(`#submit`,'debug.png');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `fileName` **[string][6]** file name to save.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### saveScreenshot

Saves a screenshot to ouput folder (set in codecept.json or codecept.conf.js).
Filename is relative to output folder.
Optionally resize the window to the full available page `scrollHeight` and `scrollWidth` to capture the entire page by passing `true` in as the second argument.

```js
I.saveScreenshot('debug.png');
I.saveScreenshot('debug.png', true) //resizes to available scrollHeight and scrollWidth before taking screenshot
```

#### Parameters

-   `fileName` **[string][6]** file name to save.
-   `fullPage` **[boolean][17]** (optional, `false` by default) flag to enable fullscreen screenshot mode.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### scrollPageToBottom

Scroll page to the bottom.

```js
I.scrollPageToBottom();
```

[!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### scrollPageToTop

Scroll page to the top.

```js
I.scrollPageToTop();
```

[!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### scrollTo

Scrolls to element matched by locator.
Extra shift can be set with offsetX and offsetY options.

```js
I.scrollTo('footer');
I.scrollTo('#submit', 5, 5);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `offsetX` **[number][8]** (optional, `0` by default) X-axis offset. 
-   `offsetY` **[number][8]** (optional, `0` by default) Y-axis offset.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### see

Checks that a page contains a visible text.
Use context parameter to narrow down the search.

```js
I.see('Welcome'); // text welcome on a page
I.see('Welcome', '.content'); // text inside .content div
I.see('Register', {css: 'form.register'}); // use strict locator
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** expected on page.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element located by CSS|Xpath|strict locator in which to search for text.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### seeAttributesOnElements

Checks that all elements with given locator have given attributes.

```js
I.seeAttributesOnElements('//form', { method: "post"});
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `attributes` **[object][4]** attributes and their values to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### seeCheckboxIsChecked

Verifies that the specified checkbox is checked.

```js
I.seeCheckboxIsChecked('Agree');
I.seeCheckboxIsChecked('#agree'); // I suppose user agreed to terms
I.seeCheckboxIsChecked({css: '#signup_form input[type=checkbox]'});
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeCookie

Checks that cookie with given name exists.

```js
I.seeCookie('Auth');
```

#### Parameters

-   `name` **[string][6]** cookie name.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeCssPropertiesOnElements

Checks that all elements with given locator have given CSS properties.

```js
I.seeCssPropertiesOnElements('h3', { 'font-weight': "bold"});
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `cssProperties` **[object][4]** object with CSS properties and their values to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### seeCurrentUrlEquals

Checks that current url is equal to provided one.
If a relative url provided, a configured url will be prepended to it.
So both examples will work:

```js
I.seeCurrentUrlEquals('/register');
I.seeCurrentUrlEquals('http://my.site.com/register');
```

#### Parameters

-   `url` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeElement

Checks that a given Element is visible
Element is located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.seeElement('#modal');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### seeElementInDOM

Checks that a given Element is present in the DOM
Element is located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.seeElementInDOM('#modal');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeInCurrentUrl

Checks that current url contains a provided fragment.

```js
I.seeInCurrentUrl('/register'); // we are on registration page
```

#### Parameters

-   `url` **[string][6]** a fragment to check
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeInField

Checks that the given input field or textarea equals to given value.
For fuzzy locators, fields are matched by label text, the "name" attribute, CSS, and XPath.

```js
I.seeInField('Username', 'davert');
I.seeInField({css: 'form textarea'},'Type your comment here');
I.seeInField('form input[type=hidden]','hidden_value');
I.seeInField('#searchform input','Search');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `value` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeInPopup

Checks that the active JavaScript popup, as created by `window.alert|window.confirm|window.prompt`, contains the
given string.

```js
I.seeInPopup('Popup text');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeInSource

Checks that the current page contains the given string in its raw source code.

```js
I.seeInSource('<h1>Green eggs &amp; ham</h1>');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeInTitle

Checks that title contains text.

```js
I.seeInTitle('Home Page');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** text value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### seeNumberOfElements

Asserts that an element appears a given number of times in the DOM.
Element is located by label or name or CSS or XPath.

```js
I.seeNumberOfElements('#submitBtn', 1);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `num` **[number][8]** number of elements.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### seeNumberOfVisibleElements

Asserts that an element is visible a given number of times.
Element is located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.seeNumberOfVisibleElements('.buttons', 3);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `num` **[number][8]** number of elements.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### seeTextEquals

Checks that text is equal to provided one.

```js
I.seeTextEquals('text', 'h1');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** element value to check.
-   `context` **([string][6] | [object][4])?** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### seeTitleEquals

Checks that title is equal to provided one.

```js
I.seeTitleEquals('Test title.');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** value to check.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### selectOption

Selects an option in a drop-down select.
Field is searched by label | name | CSS | XPath.
Option is selected by visible text or by value.

```js
I.selectOption('Choose Plan', 'Monthly'); // select by label
I.selectOption('subscription', 'Monthly'); // match option by text
I.selectOption('subscription', '0'); // or by value
I.selectOption('//form/select[@name=account]','Premium');
I.selectOption('form select[name=account]', 'Premium');
I.selectOption({css: 'form select[name=account]'}, 'Premium');
```

Provide an array for the second argument to select multiple options.

```js
I.selectOption('Which OS do you use?', ['Android', 'iOS']);
```

#### Parameters

-   `select` **([string][6] | [object][4])** field located by label|name|CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `option` **([string][6] | [Array][12]&lt;any>)** visible text or value of option.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### setCookie

Sets cookie(s).

Can be a single cookie object or an array of cookies:

```js
I.setCookie({name: 'auth', value: true});

// as array
I.setCookie([
  {name: 'auth', value: true},
  {name: 'agree', value: true}
]);
```

#### Parameters

-   `cookie` **(Cookie | [Array][12]&lt;Cookie>)** a cookie object or array of cookie objects.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### switchTo

Switches frame or in case of null locator reverts to parent.

```js
I.switchTo('iframe'); // switch to first iframe
I.switchTo(); // switch back to main page
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### switchToNextTab

Switch focus to a particular tab by its number. It waits tabs loading and then switch tab

```js
I.switchToNextTab();
I.switchToNextTab(2);
```

#### Parameters

-   `num` **[number][8]**  

### switchToPreviousTab

Switch focus to a particular tab by its number. It waits tabs loading and then switch tab

```js
I.switchToPreviousTab();
I.switchToPreviousTab(2);
```

#### Parameters

-   `num` **[number][8]**  

### type

Types out the given text into an active field.
To slow down typing use a second parameter, to set interval between key presses.
_Note:_ Should be used when [`fillField`][14] is not an option.

```js
// passing in a string
I.type('Type this out.');

// typing values with a 100ms interval
I.type('4141555311111111', 100);

// passing in an array
I.type(['T', 'E', 'X', 'T']);
```

#### Parameters

-   `keys`  
-   `delay` **[number][8]?** (optional) delay in ms between key presses
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 
-   `key` **([string][6] | [Array][12]&lt;[string][6]>)** or array of keys to type.

### uncheckOption

Unselects a checkbox or radio button.
Element is located by label or name or CSS or XPath.

The second parameter is a context (CSS or XPath locator) to narrow the search.

```js
I.uncheckOption('#agree');
I.uncheckOption('I Agree to Terms and Conditions');
I.uncheckOption('agree', '//form');
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** checkbox located by label | name | CSS | XPath | strict locator.
-   `context` **([string][6]? | [object][4])** (optional, `null` by default) element located by CSS | XPath | strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### usePuppeteerTo

Use Puppeteer API inside a test.

First argument is a description of an action.
Second argument is async function that gets this helper as parameter.

{ [`page`][18], [`browser`][19] } from Puppeteer API are available.

```js
I.usePuppeteerTo('emulate offline mode', async ({ page }) {
  await page.setOfflineMode(true);
});
```

#### Parameters

-   `description` **[string][6]** used to show in logs.
-   `fn` **[function][10]** async function that is executed with Puppeteer as argument

### wait

Pauses execution for a number of seconds.

```js
I.wait(2); // wait 2 secs
```

#### Parameters

-   `sec` **[number][8]** number of second to wait.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### waitForClickable

Waits for element to be clickable (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitForClickable('.btn.continue');
I.waitForClickable('.btn.continue', 5); // wait for 5 secs
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `waitTimeout`  
-   `sec` **[number][8]?** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder

### waitForDetached

Waits for an element to become not attached to the DOM on a page (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitForDetached('#popup');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForElement

Waits for element to be present on page (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitForElement('.btn.continue');
I.waitForElement('.btn.continue', 5); // wait for 5 secs
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]?** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)


### waitForEnabled

Waits for element to become enabled (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional) time in seconds to wait, 1 by default.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForFunction

Waits for a function to return true (waits for 1 sec by default).
Running in browser context.

```js
I.waitForFunction(fn[, [args[, timeout]])
```

```js
I.waitForFunction(() => window.requests == 0);
I.waitForFunction(() => window.requests == 0, 5); // waits for 5 sec
I.waitForFunction((count) => window.requests == count, [3], 5) // pass args and wait for 5 sec
```

#### Parameters

-   `fn` **([string][6] | [function][10])** to be executed in browser context.
-   `argsOrSec` **([Array][12]&lt;any> | [number][8])?** (optional, `1` by default) arguments for function or seconds. 
-   `sec` **[number][8]?** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForInvisible

Waits for an element to be removed or become invisible on a page (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitForInvisible('#popup');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForNavigation

Waits for navigation to finish. By default takes configured `waitForNavigation` option.

See [Pupeteer's reference][20]

#### Parameters

-   `opts` **any**  

### waitForRequest

Waits for a network request.

```js
I.waitForRequest('http://example.com/resource');
I.waitForRequest(request => request.url() === 'http://example.com' && request.method() === 'GET');
```

#### Parameters

-   `urlOrPredicate` **([string][6] | [function][10])** 
-   `sec` **[number][8]?** seconds to wait 

### waitForResponse

Waits for a network response.

```js
I.waitForResponse('http://example.com/resource');
I.waitForResponse(response => response.url() === 'http://example.com' && response.request().method() === 'GET');
```

#### Parameters

-   `urlOrPredicate` **([string][6] | [function][10])** 
-   `sec` **[number][8]?** number of seconds to wait 

### waitForText

Waits for a text to appear (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.
Narrow down search results by providing context.

```js
I.waitForText('Thank you, form has been submitted');
I.waitForText('Thank you, form has been submitted', 5, '#modal');
```

#### Parameters

-   `text` **[string][6]** to wait for.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait 
-   `context` **([string][6] | [object][4])?** (optional) element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForValue

Waits for the specified value to be in value attribute.

```js
I.waitForValue('//input', "GoodValue");
```

#### Parameters

-   `field` **([string][6] | [object][4])** input field.
-   `value` **[string][6]** expected value.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitForVisible

Waits for an element to become visible on a page (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitForVisible('#popup');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorderThis method accepts [React selectors][21]. 

### waitInUrl

Waiting for the part of the URL to match the expected. Useful for SPA to understand that page was changed.

```js
I.waitInUrl('/info', 2);
```

#### Parameters

-   `urlPart` **[string][6]** value to check.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitNumberOfVisibleElements

Waits for a specified number of elements on the page.

```js
I.waitNumberOfVisibleElements('a', 3);
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `num` **[number][8]** number of elements.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder
    


This action supports [React locators](https://codecept.io/react#locators)
 

### waitToHide

Waits for an element to hide (by default waits for 1sec).
Element can be located by CSS or XPath.

```js
I.waitToHide('#popup');
```

#### Parameters

-   `locator` **([string][6] | [object][4])** element located by CSS|XPath|strict locator.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

### waitUrlEquals

Waits for the entire URL to match the expected

```js
I.waitUrlEquals('/info', 2);
I.waitUrlEquals('http://127.0.0.1:8000/info');
```

#### Parameters

-   `urlPart` **[string][6]** value to check.
-   `sec` **[number][8]** (optional, `1` by default) time in seconds to wait
    [!] returns a _promise_ which is synchronized internally by recorder 

: https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer

[2]: https://codecept.io/helpers/Puppeteer-firefox

[3]: https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/#how-do-i-access-the-browser-target

[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object

[5]: http://jster.net/category/windows-modals-popups

[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String

[7]: https://github.com/puppeteer/puppeteer/issues/5420

[8]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number

[9]: https://vuejs.org/v2/api/#Vue-nextTick

[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function

[11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise

[12]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array

[13]: https://codecept.io/helpers/FileSystem

[14]: #fillfield

[15]: https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer/issues/1313

[16]: #click

[17]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean

[18]: https://github.com/puppeteer/puppeteer/blob/master/docs/api.md#class-page

[19]: https://github.com/puppeteer/puppeteer/blob/master/docs/api.md#class-browser

[20]: https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer/blob/master/docs/api.md#pagewaitfornavigationoptions

[21]: https://codecept.io/react

[22]: https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer/blob/master/docs/api.md#puppeteerlaunchoptions