/**
 * Universal Constraints Validator
 *
 * Validates universal FHIR constraints that apply to all resources:
 *
 * - ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
 * - ref-1: If reference has a reference, it SHALL be a literal URL or fragment
 */
import type { ValidationIssue } from '../types';
export declare class UniversalConstraintsValidator {
    /**
     * Validate universal constraints on any resource
     */
    validate(resource: any): ValidationIssue[];
    /**
     * ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
     *
     * Expression: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) or $this is Parameters
     * Human: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
     */
    private validateEle1;
    /**
     * ref-1: If reference has a reference, SHALL have a literal URL or fragment
     *
     * Expression: reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#') or reference.contains('/'))
     * Human: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided
     */
    private validateRef1;
}
export declare const universalConstraintsValidator: UniversalConstraintsValidator;
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