# Channels Channels let you interact with a Qwen Code agent from messaging platforms like Telegram, WeChat, QQ, DingTalk, WeCom, or Feishu, instead of the terminal. You send messages from your phone or desktop chat app, and the agent responds just like it would in the CLI. Code-hosting platforms (starting with [GitHub](./github)) and authenticated workspace accounts (starting with [DingTalk Workspace](./dws)) are also supported through channels. ## How It Works When you run `qwen channel start`, Qwen Code: 1. Reads channel configurations from your `settings.json` 2. Spawns a single agent process using the [Agent Client Protocol (ACP)](../../../developers/architecture.md) 3. Connects to each messaging platform and starts listening for messages 4. Routes incoming messages to the agent and sends responses back to the correct chat All channels share one agent process with isolated sessions per user. Each channel can have its own working directory, model, and instructions. ## Quick Start 1. Set up a bot or authenticated workspace account (see channel-specific guides: [Telegram](./telegram), [WeChat](./weixin), [QQ Bot](./qqbot), [DingTalk](./dingtalk), [DingTalk Workspace](./dws), [WeCom](./wecom), [Feishu](./feishu), [GitHub](./github)) 2. Add the channel configuration to `~/.qwen/settings.json` 3. Run `qwen channel start` to start all channels, or `qwen channel start ` for a single channel Want to connect a platform that isn't built in? See [Plugins](./plugins) to add a custom adapter as an extension. ## Configuration Channels are configured under the `channels` key in `settings.json`. Each channel has a name and a set of options: ```json { "channels": { "my-channel": { "type": "telegram", "token": "$MY_BOT_TOKEN", "senderPolicy": "allowlist", "allowedUsers": ["123456789"], "sessionScope": "user", "cwd": "/path/to/working/directory", "instructions": "Optional system instructions for the agent.", "groupPolicy": "disabled", "dmPolicy": "open", "groups": { "*": { "requireMention": true } } } } } ``` ### Options | Option | Required | Description | | ------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `type` | Yes | Channel type: `telegram`, `weixin`, `qq`, `dingtalk`, `dws`, `wecom`, `feishu`, `github`, `gitlab`, or a custom type from an extension (see [Plugins](./plugins)) | | `token` | Telegram | Bot token. Supports `$ENV_VAR` syntax to read from environment variables. Not needed for WeChat, DingTalk, WeCom, or Feishu | | `clientId` | DingTalk, Feishu | DingTalk AppKey or Feishu App ID. Supports `$ENV_VAR` syntax | | `clientSecret` | DingTalk, Feishu | DingTalk AppSecret or Feishu App Secret. Supports `$ENV_VAR` syntax | | `botId` | WeCom | WeCom intelligent robot Bot ID. Supports `$ENV_VAR` syntax. See [WeCom](./wecom) | | `secret` | WeCom | WeCom intelligent robot Secret. Supports `$ENV_VAR` syntax. See [WeCom](./wecom) | | `model` | No | Model to use for this channel (e.g., `qwen3.5-plus`). Overrides the default model. Useful for multimodal models that support image input | | `senderPolicy` | No | Who can talk to the bot: `allowlist` (default), `open`, or `pairing` | | `allowedUsers` | No | List of user IDs allowed to use the bot (used by `allowlist` and `pairing` policies) | | `sessionScope` | No | How sessions are scoped: `user` (default), `chat_thread`, or `single`. Legacy `thread` remains compatible when already configured but is not offered for new Web Shell configurations | | `multiSession` | No | Retain up to eight owner-scoped named tasks in one chat. Requires daemon-managed mode, `sessionScope: "user"`, no webhooks or group-history backfill, and no enabled Channel loops | | `cwd` | No | Working directory for the agent. Defaults to the current directory | | `approvalMode` | No | Tool approval mode for channel sessions. Unattended webhook tasks require `yolo`; the setting applies to every session on the channel | | `instructions` | No | Custom instructions prepended to the first message of each session | | `webhooks` | No | Webhook sources and delivery targets for daemon-managed channels. See [Webhook-triggered tasks](#webhook-triggered-tasks) | | `groupPolicy` | No | Group chat access: `disabled` (default), `allowlist`, `pairing`, or `open`. See [Group Chats](#group-chats) | | `dmPolicy` | No | Private/DM access: `open` (default) or `disabled` (silently drop all DMs). Useful for group-only bots | | `groupHistoryLimit` | No | Opt-in group history backfill. `0` or omitted disables it. A positive number persists that many unmentioned group messages from authorized senders or members of approved paired groups for the next bot mention/reply. | | `groups` | No | Per-group settings. Keys are group chat IDs or `"*"` for defaults. See [Group Chats](#group-chats) | | `dispatchMode` | No | What happens when you send a message while the bot is busy: `steer` (default), `collect`, or `followup`. See [Dispatch Modes](#dispatch-modes) | ### Sender Policy Controls who can interact with the bot: - **`allowlist`** (default) — Only users listed in `allowedUsers` can send messages. Others are silently ignored. - **`pairing`** — Unknown senders receive a pairing code. The bot operator approves them via CLI, and they're added to a persistent allowlist. Users in `allowedUsers` skip pairing entirely. See [DM Pairing](#dm-pairing) below. - **`open`** — Anyone can send messages. Use with caution. ### Session Scope Controls how conversation sessions are managed: - **`user`** (default) — One session per user. All messages from the same user share a conversation. - **`chat_thread`** — One session per chat thread/topic, shared by participants in that thread. - **`thread`** — Legacy thread/topic routing retained for existing configurations. - **`single`** — One shared session for all users. Everyone shares the same conversation. ### Named Tasks Daemon-managed Channels can retain several named conversations for the same user in one chat: ```json { "channels": { "my-channel": { "type": "telegram", "sessionScope": "user", "multiSession": true } } } ``` The catalog is private to the exact channel, chat, and sender. Task names use 1–32 ASCII letters, numbers, underscores, or hyphens, and are unique case-insensitively. Up to eight tasks may be open; closing a task detaches it without deleting its transcript, so selecting it later reopens the exact conversation. Session IDs are never accepted by or shown in chat commands. Named results identify their originating task: direct chats use `[task]`, while group chats use `[sender · task]`. Named text permission prompts also show the exact request ID and the corresponding `/approve `, `/approve-always `, and `/deny ` commands. The label is presentation-only and is not stored in the model transcript. One task remains selected to receive the next normal message, but other named tasks may keep running concurrently. `/session new ` shares the configured workspace, while `/session new --worktree` creates an isolated checkout for that task under the daemon workspace's `.qwen/worktrees/` directory. The daemon verifies the persisted worktree owner before reopening the task after a restart; a missing, changed, or foreign ownership record fails closed instead of silently moving the task into the shared workspace. Creating or selecting another task does not cancel or retarget earlier work, and late results retain their originating task label. A busy task cannot be closed, but its active prompt can be cancelled with `/session cancel []` through the existing Channel cancellation behavior. Independently queued turns are not cancelled, but in `collect` dispatch mode any follow-ups buffered behind the cancelled prompt are discarded by that existing behavior. Media preparation is not targeted. Bare permission commands apply only to the selected task, while an explicit request ID can answer an owned inactive task. `/clear`, `/new`, and `/reset` also work on a selected worktree task: the task gets a fresh conversation while its worktree and files are kept. A busy worktree task refuses the reset until its prompt finishes, and a task whose worktree record was damaged reports the failure without touching files. Channel memory remains scoped to the chat rather than to a named task. This mode is unavailable in standalone `qwen channel start`, with webhooks, with non-zero channel or group `groupHistoryLimit`, or with Channel loops. If an enabled loop already exists for that channel, the daemon worker refuses to start until the loop is disabled. ### Channel Memory Channel memory stores durable context for one chat or thread. Entries have stable IDs, so a list response can be used for deterministic follow-up operations. - `记住：默认使用 staging 环境` is the deterministic form and saves exactly one scalar entry for the current chat or thread. - To save several separate facts in one request, use a natural phrase routed through the classifier. For example: `请记住这三条约定：使用 staging；发布前测试；优先中文回复` creates entries that you can manage independently. Exact duplicate facts are skipped and reported without creating another entry. Requests containing credential-like text are rejected; remove secrets and save the non-sensitive facts separately. - `查看记忆` lists entries and their stable IDs. Use `查看第 2 页记忆` to view a later page, `查看记忆 ` to view one entry, or a natural filtered request such as `只看中文偏好` to list the matching entries. - `查看刚才那条记忆`, `把关于 staging 的记忆改成默认使用 production`, and `忘掉刚才那条` work when the natural reference resolves to exactly one entry. Natural updates and removals first show the proposed change. Confirm an update with `确认更新记忆` or `confirm memory update`, or a removal with `确认删除记忆` or `confirm memory removal`, within 60 seconds. Exact-ID updates and removals remain immediate and do not need confirmation. - `清空记忆` starts the clear-all confirmation flow; `确认清空记忆` completes it. When a natural inspect, update, or removal request matches multiple entries, the bot returns the candidate IDs and previews without changing memory. There is no pending selection for an ambiguous result: retry the request with one exact ID, such as `忘掉 m-a31f0d82c7e4`. Exact-ID operations remain the deterministic fast path. A natural request with no match reports that no entry matched. Pending update, removal, and clear confirmations apply only to the sender and chat or thread that created them. A newer clear, natural update, or natural removal proposal replaces an older pending one for that sender and target. Pending confirmations are discarded when the channel process restarts. The legacy slash aliases `/remember-channel`, `/channel-memory`, and `/forget-channel` have been removed. They are no longer channel-memory commands. Channel memory follows the channel access gates. Any message accepted by `senderPolicy`, `dmPolicy`, `groupPolicy`, group settings, pairing, and mention requirements can read, write, update, or clear memory for that chat or thread. Accepted members of the same group share that group's target store. Use `allowlist` or `pairing` policies when group memory should be limited to trusted senders. Existing legacy `CHANNEL.md` memory is migrated automatically to structured `CHANNEL.json` storage on the first mutation. Structured memory persists across standalone channel and daemon-managed channel restarts, and is injected when a fresh target-scoped session starts, including after `/clear`. After that initial injection, each accepted message also recalls up to three relevant entries for that message. This keeps durable facts available during a long-running session without adding every stored entry to every turn. Recall is based on the current message and does not modify the stored memory. Memory remains keyed to the current chat or thread. It is not injected or recalled in a `sessionScope: single` session, because that session is shared across the whole channel rather than scoped to one target. Channel memory does not automatically learn facts from normal conversation or accept `第一个` as confirmation for an ambiguous natural reference. Use a clear remember request and an exact entry ID when a natural reference is ambiguous. ### Token Security Bot tokens should not be stored directly in `settings.json`. Instead, use environment variable references: ```json { "token": "$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN" } ``` Set the actual token in your shell environment or in a `.env` file that gets loaded before running the channel. ## DM Pairing When `senderPolicy` is set to `"pairing"`, unknown senders go through an approval flow: 1. An unknown user sends a message to the bot 2. The bot replies with an 8-character pairing code (e.g., `VEQDDWXJ`) 3. The user shares the code with you (the bot operator) 4. You approve them via CLI: ```bash qwen channel pairing approve my-channel VEQDDWXJ ``` Once approved, the user's ID is saved to the channel's workspace-scoped allowlist (`~/.qwen/channels//-allowlist.json`) and all future messages go through normally. Pairing state is scoped per workspace, so two workspaces using the same channel name keep separate approvals. ### Pairing CLI Commands ```bash # List pending pairing requests qwen channel pairing list my-channel # Approve a request by code qwen channel pairing approve my-channel ``` Run these from the channel's workspace directory (or pass `--cwd `) — pairing state is stored per workspace. ### Pairing Rules - Codes are 8 characters, uppercase, using an unambiguous alphabet (no `0`/`O`/`1`/`I`) - Codes expire after 1 hour - Maximum 3 pending requests per channel at a time, and at most one per sender — additional requests are declined until one expires or is approved - Users listed in `allowedUsers` in `settings.json` skip user pairing; under `groupPolicy: "pairing"`, the group itself must still be approved - Approved users are stored per workspace in `~/.qwen/channels//-allowlist.json` — treat this file as sensitive ## Group Chats By default, the bot only works in direct messages. To enable group chat support, set `groupPolicy` to `"allowlist"`, `"pairing"`, or `"open"`. ### Group Policy Controls whether the bot participates in group chats at all: - **`disabled`** (default) — The bot ignores all group messages. Safest option. - **`allowlist`** — The bot only responds in groups explicitly listed in `groups` by chat ID. The `"*"` key provides default settings but does **not** act as a wildcard allow. - **`pairing`** — A deliberate mention or reply from an unknown group creates one pairing request for the group. Once approved, every member can use the bot in that group; `senderPolicy` continues to control direct messages. - **`open`** — The bot responds in all groups it's added to. Use with caution. Approve a group with the same CLI command used for user pairing. The pending request identifies the group and the member who initiated it: ```bash qwen channel pairing approve my-channel ``` Group approvals are stored by the group's chat ID in the channel's workspace scope. On GitHub and GitLab the chat ID is the repository/project path, so a rename or transfer detaches the stored approval — re-approve the group after renaming. A repo or project re-created under the same path inherits any stale approval — revoke group approvals after any rename, transfer, or deletion. An unmentioned message never creates a group pairing request, even when a group sets `requireMention` to `false`; after approval, the configured mention policy applies normally. Group pairing requests share the same pending queue as DM pairing requests: a channel holds at most 3 pending requests overall, and a sender holds at most one pending request across user and group requests (see [Pairing Rules](#pairing-rules)). ### Mention Gating In groups, the bot requires an `@mention` or a reply to one of its messages by default. This prevents the bot from responding to every message in a group chat. Configure per-group with the `groups` setting: ```json { "groups": { "*": { "requireMention": true }, "-100123456": { "requireMention": false } } } ``` - **`"*"`** — Default settings for all groups. Only sets config defaults, not an allowlist entry. - **Group chat ID** — Override settings for a specific group. Overrides `"*"` defaults. - **`requireMention`** (default: `true`) — When `true`, the bot only responds to messages that @mention it or reply to one of its messages. When `false`, the bot responds to all messages (useful for dedicated task groups). ### Group History Backfill By default, Qwen ignores unmentioned group messages and does not store them as session turns. To let the next `@mention` include recent group context, set `groupHistoryLimit` to a positive number. ```json { "channels": { "my-dingtalk": { "type": "dingtalk", "clientId": "$DINGTALK_CLIENT_ID", "clientSecret": "$DINGTALK_CLIENT_SECRET", "groupPolicy": "open", "groupHistoryLimit": 50, "groups": { "*": { "requireMention": true }, "sensitive-group-id": { "requireMention": true, "groupHistoryLimit": 0 } } } } } ``` - Omitted or `0` disables backfill. - Group-level `groupHistoryLimit` overrides the channel-level value. - Only messages from authorized senders, or members of an approved paired group, are persisted. - Messages rejected by `groupPolicy` or group allowlist are not persisted. - Pending group history is stored as local JSONL under `~/.qwen/channels/-group-history.jsonl` or `$QWEN_HOME/channels/-group-history.jsonl`. - Cached messages are injected as untrusted context on the next real trigger and are not written as standalone session turns. ### How group messages are evaluated ``` 1. groupPolicy — is this group disabled, listed, paired, or open? (no → ignore/pairing flow) 2. dmPolicy — is this DM allowed? (disabled → ignore) 3. requireMention — was the bot mentioned/replied to? (no → ignore) 4. senderPolicy — is this sender approved? (skipped for a paired group; otherwise no → user pairing flow) 5. Route to session ``` ### Telegram Setup for Groups 1. Add the bot to a group 2. **Disable privacy mode** in BotFather (`/mybots` → Bot Settings → Group Privacy → Turn Off) — otherwise the bot won't see non-command messages 3. **Remove and re-add the bot** to the group after changing privacy mode (Telegram caches this setting) ### Finding a Group Chat ID To find a group's chat ID for the `groups` allowlist: 1. Stop the bot if it's running 2. Send a message mentioning the bot in the group 3. Use the Telegram Bot API to check queued updates: ```bash curl -s "https://api.telegram.org/bot${TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN}/getUpdates" | python3 -m json.tool ``` Look for `message.chat.id` in the response — group IDs are negative numbers (e.g., `-5170296765`). ## Media Support Channels support sending images and files to the agent, not just text. ### Images Send a photo to the bot and the agent will see it — useful for sharing screenshots, error messages, or diagrams. The image is sent directly to the model as a vision input. To use image support, configure a multimodal model for the channel: ```json { "channels": { "my-channel": { "type": "telegram", "model": "qwen3.5-plus", ... } } } ``` ### Files Send a document (PDF, code file, text file, etc.) to the bot. The file is downloaded and saved to a temporary directory, and the agent is told the file path so it can read the contents using its file-reading tools. Files work with any model — no multimodal support required. ### Platform differences | Feature | Telegram | WeChat | DingTalk | Feishu | | -------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | Images | Direct download via Bot API | CDN download with AES decryption | downloadCode API (two-step) | Open API resources endpoint (authenticated GET, 50MB limit) | | Files | Direct download via Bot API (20MB limit) | CDN download with AES decryption | downloadCode API (two-step) | Open API resources endpoint (50MB limit) | | Captions | Photo/file captions included as message text | Not applicable | Rich text: mixed text + images in one message | Rich text (`post`): text extracted; embedded images ignored | > QQ Bot does not process incoming media — image and sticker messages are ignored, so it has no media-handling row above. > > WeCom accepts text, images, mixed text plus images, files, videos, and voice messages (transcribed). Images are passed to the agent as attachments; files and videos are downloaded to temporary local paths. See [WeCom](./wecom#images-and-files) for details. ## Dispatch Modes Controls what happens when you send a new message while the bot is still processing a previous one. - **`steer`** (default) — The bot cancels the current request and starts working on your new message. Best for normal chat, where a follow-up usually means you want to correct or redirect the bot. - **`collect`** — Your new messages are buffered. When the current request finishes, all buffered messages are combined into a single follow-up prompt. Good for async workflows where you want to queue up thoughts. - **`followup`** — Each message is queued and processed as its own separate turn, in order. Useful for batch workflows where each message is independent. ```json { "channels": { "my-channel": { "type": "telegram", "dispatchMode": "steer", ... } } } ``` You can also set dispatch mode per group, overriding the channel default: ```json { "groups": { "*": { "requireMention": true, "dispatchMode": "steer" }, "-100123456": { "dispatchMode": "collect" } } } ``` ## Response delivery Channels use their normal response delivery path. The shared delivery layer sends completed responses, and adapters may provide native progressive display, such as updating an interactive card in place. Platform message-length limits may still split long responses. The obsolete `blockStreaming`, `blockStreamingChunk`, and `blockStreamingCoalesce` settings are no longer supported and can be removed from channel configuration. They do not affect delivery. Channel settings management rejects newly added or changed values for these fields. An unchanged stored value is retained, or removed, when the edit keeps the channel's `type`; changing a channel's `type` requires removing these fields first. ### Turn output mode `outputMode` is a shared channel setting with adapter opt-in. Currently only **DingTalk** supports it and defaults to `per_turn` when the setting is omitted. Other adapters retain their existing behavior and receive no output-mode default: the channel editor does not offer this field, and configuration parsing or management saves reject an explicit value on unsupported adapters. - `per_task` waits for the main task and its associated background tasks and notifications, then delivers one final result containing the last non-empty assistant reply for that task. - `per_response` delivers each complete assistant response, not each token chunk. - `per_turn` delivers the last non-empty assistant reply within each turn. The main turn finishes immediately when its prompt ends; later background notification turns deliver separate results. In the default `per_turn` mode, a later background callback cannot reopen or replace the completed main result. A main result followed by eleven independent callback turns can therefore produce twelve result messages or cards. Choose `per_task` when the final result should wait for the associated background work. These modes select assistant output; they do not generate an extra summary or concatenate every intermediate reply. The selected policy applies whether interactive cards are enabled or replies use ordinary messages. The shared layer owns output selection and task/turn coordination; native rendering, media and fallback delivery remain adapter-specific. See [DingTalk turn output mode](./dingtalk#turn-output-mode) for presentation details and the conversation scope. Channel loops and webhook runs are unchanged. ## Scheduled Channel Loops Channels have a persistent scheduler for prompts that should run later and push their result back to the same chat. You can ask the agent naturally, for example, `Every 15 minutes, check the deployment and report any change`, or use the local commands directly: ```text /loop add "*/15 * * * *" check the deployment and report any change /loop list /loop inspect /loop cancel ``` The agent uses the `channel_loop_create`, `channel_loop_list`, and `channel_loop_cancel` tools when it manages these jobs for you. Schedules use standard five-field cron expressions in the machine's local time. The job runs unattended and its final response is delivered automatically to the chat that created it. Channel loops differ from the session-scoped tasks described in [Run Prompts on a Schedule](../scheduled-tasks): - They are stored under `$QWEN_HOME/channels/` — standalone channels use `cron.json` directly, while daemon-managed channels use a per-workspace file under `daemon/`. Both survive channel restarts. - They are scoped to the current channel chat or thread. Each target can have up to 10 enabled loops, and each prompt is limited to 4,000 characters. - They require an adapter and target that support proactive delivery. Telegram, DingTalk, Feishu, and WeCom opt in, subject to platform-specific target restrictions. - They are unavailable with `sessionScope: "single"` because that scope is not tied to one chat target. - A saved loop is disabled if its target is no longer authorized when it is due. ## Background Agent Results When the agent delegates work to a background subagent or fork, the completion result is delivered back to the channel chat that owns the session. Delivery can happen after the original turn has ended, so keep the channel service or daemon running while background work is active. ## Slash Commands Channels support slash commands. These are handled locally (no agent round-trip): - `/help` — List available commands - `/clear` — Clear your session and start fresh (aliases: `/reset`, `/new`) - `/status` — Show session info and access policy - `/btw ` — Ask a side question without interrupting the current task; text-only questions up to 4096 characters, requires an agent connection with side-question support - `/sessions [all]` — List open named tasks, or include closed tasks; available only with `multiSession: true` - `/session current` — Show the selected named task - `/session new ` — Create and select a shared-workspace task - `/session new --worktree` — Create and select a task in its own Git worktree; daemon-managed named-task mode only - `/session use ` — Select an open task or reopen a closed task - `/session cancel []` — Cancel the selected task's active prompt, or name another owned task; independently queued turns are not cancelled, but `collect`-mode follow-ups buffered behind the cancelled prompt are discarded by the existing cancellation behavior; media preparation is not targeted - `/session close ` — Close a task without deleting its transcript - `/loop add "" ` — Create a persistent scheduled channel loop - `/loop list` — List loops for the current chat - `/loop inspect ` — Show loop status and run details - `/loop cancel ` — Disable a loop All other slash commands (e.g., `/compress`, `/summary`) are forwarded to the agent. Named-task commands are registered only when the mode is enabled, so `/sessions` remains agent-visible for existing configurations. Named-task commands work on all channel types (Telegram, WeChat, QQ, DingTalk, WeCom, Feishu, GitHub). `/cancel` is currently registered only by Telegram, and loop creation requires proactive delivery support for the current adapter and target. ## Running ```bash # Start all configured channels (shared agent process) qwen channel start # Start a single channel qwen channel start my-channel # Check if the service is running qwen channel status # Stop the running service qwen channel stop ``` The bot runs in the foreground. Press `Ctrl+C` to stop, or use `qwen channel stop` from another terminal. ### Experimental Daemon-Managed Mode You can also run configured channels under `qwen serve`: ```bash # Start one channel under the daemon lifecycle qwen serve --channel my-channel # Start all configured channels qwen serve --channel all # Or enable channels later on a token-protected daemon QWEN_SERVER_TOKEN=secret qwen serve qwen channel set my-channel --token secret # Query or stop the daemon-managed selection qwen channel status --daemon-url http://127.0.0.1:4170 --token secret qwen channel stop --daemon-url http://127.0.0.1:4170 --token secret ``` This mode starts workspace-grouped channel worker processes owned by `qwen serve`. Workers connect back to the daemon through the SDK and use the same channel adapters. They are separate from the daemon process, so a channel adapter crash does not crash the daemon. An explicit `--channel` selection takes precedence and fails daemon startup if it cannot become ready. On a flagless boot, the trusted primary workspace's `serve.channels` setting is restored. Secondary workspaces do not independently restore their own `serve.channels`. Without either source, the daemon does not load channel adapters or reserve the lease until the first `qwen channel set`. Automatic restore skips invalid startup settings and validation or lease failures that occur before workers start, while preserving unrelated settings. After a worker startup fails, the daemon continues only once cleanup succeeds. A global runtime startup timeout or an unconfirmed worker stop still follows the normal startup-failure path; the service lease remains held while worker termination is unconfirmed. Check the daemon log for messages identifying `serve.channels` when a channel does not restore. Stored startup names must be non-empty, have no leading or trailing whitespace, and contain no unsafe control or invisible characters. Invalid entries are skipped individually and logged by their array index. Startup does not rename instances or rewrite the configuration. The channel startup toggle reflects the saved setting; runtime state shows whether the channel is running. `qwen serve --channel` is not the same service as `qwen channel start`. Standalone `qwen channel start` still uses the ACP-backed channel service and can run channel configs with different `cwd` values. Daemon-managed channels require every selected channel's `cwd` to resolve to a workspace registered by the daemon. In multi-workspace mode, a selection replacement keeps workers for workspaces whose ordered channel list did not change; `all` remains primary-workspace-only. Without `--daemon-url`, `qwen channel status` and `qwen channel stop` retain standalone pidfile behavior. Their `--daemon-url` variants query or stop the daemon manager. Runtime selections are not written to settings and do not survive daemon restart. If a ready worker exits unexpectedly, the daemon continues running and reports a channel-worker warning in `/daemon/status`. ## Webhook-triggered tasks Daemon-managed channels can also accept authenticated webhook events. Qwen receives the event as context, summarizes and decides what matters, and then delivers the final response to the configured chat target. This is not a raw notification relay. Webhook tasks require `approvalMode: "yolo"` because they run without interactive approval. That setting applies to the whole channel, not only webhook turns, so use a dedicated webhook channel or tightly restrict normal chat senders for that channel. Example channel config: ```json { "channels": { "dingtalk-main": { "type": "dingtalk", "clientId": "$DINGTALK_CLIENT_ID", "clientSecret": "$DINGTALK_CLIENT_SECRET", "cwd": "/repo", "senderPolicy": "allowlist", "allowedUsers": ["12345"], "approvalMode": "yolo", "sessionScope": "user", "webhooks": { "sources": { "github-ci": { "secretEnv": "QWEN_CHANNEL_GITHUB_CI_SECRET", "targets": { "operator": { "chatId": "DINGTALK_USER_ID", "senderId": "webhook:github-ci", "isGroup": false }, "team": { "chatId": "OPEN_CONVERSATION_ID", "senderId": "webhook:github-ci", "isGroup": true } } } } } } } } ``` For DingTalk, set `isGroup` explicitly on every target. A direct-message target uses the DingTalk user ID as `chatId` with `isGroup: false`; a group target uses the group `openConversationId` with `isGroup: true`. Other adapters may require their own proactive target shape. Daemon-managed DingTalk, Feishu, Telegram, and WeCom channels dynamically observe contacts from authorized inbound messages. List contacts observed in the primary workspace during the default seven-day freshness window: ```bash curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $QWEN_SERVER_TOKEN" \ http://127.0.0.1:4170/workspace/channel/observed-contacts ``` Use `GET /workspaces/:workspace/channel/observed-contacts` to select another registered, trusted workspace. Add `?freshWithinSeconds=N` to choose a window from one second through 365 days. The daemon advertises this API with the `workspace_channel_observed_contacts` capability. The response returns complete platform IDs and labels. Group labels use names already present in accepted inbound messages when available: DingTalk supplies `conversationTitle`, and Telegram supplies `chat.title`. Feishu and WeCom group labels currently fall back to their complete IDs; no platform directory or group-detail API is queried. Topic labels also fall back to complete IDs. Each `lastObservedAt` is a canonical ISO 8601 UTC timestamp with millisecond precision; clients can convert it to the user's local time zone for display. Top-level `users` contains users observed in direct messages. `groups` contains observed group conversations, `groups[].users` contains users observed in each group, and `groups[].topics[].users` contains users observed in Feishu or Telegram topics: ```json { "users": [ { "channelName": "feishu-main", "label": "Example User", "id": "ou_complete_user_id", "lastObservedAt": "2026-07-17T08:00:00.000Z" } ], "groups": [ { "channelName": "feishu-main", "label": "oc_complete_chat_id", "id": "oc_complete_chat_id", "lastObservedAt": "2026-07-17T08:05:00.000Z", "users": [ { "label": "Example User", "id": "ou_complete_user_id", "lastObservedAt": "2026-07-17T08:05:00.000Z" } ], "topics": [] } ] } ``` These nested users are observed participants, not authoritative group membership. Only messages that pass direct/group, mention, sender, and pairing gates are recorded. Repeated observations refresh labels and timestamps; passive observation cannot detect a leave or deletion until the relationship becomes stale. Message content is never stored. The bounded registry lives under `$QWEN_HOME/channels/daemon//observed-contacts.json`, outside the workspace checkout and partitioned per workspace. Its 500-observation limit is shared by all channels and conversations in that workspace, and observations older than 365 days are removed on the next accepted write. If the registry becomes malformed or uses an unsupported version, delete that file to reset it; accepted traffic recreates it. Webhook configuration and delivery are unchanged. Start `qwen serve` with the channel worker enabled: ```bash QWEN_SERVER_TOKEN="$QWEN_SERVER_TOKEN" qwen serve --require-auth --channel dingtalk-main ``` Example request: ```bash curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:4170/channels/dingtalk-main/webhooks/github-ci" \ -H "x-qwen-webhook-secret: $QWEN_CHANNEL_GITHUB_CI_SECRET" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{ "eventType": "push", "targetRef": "operator", "title": "CI pipeline finished", "payload": { "targetRef": "refs/heads/main", "repository": "qwen-code", "status": "success" } }' ``` Webhook routes authenticate with the webhook secret header, even when `qwen serve` is running with bearer auth enabled. Do not share the daemon bearer token with webhook providers. Webhook config and `secretEnv` values are loaded when the daemon starts; restart `qwen serve` after changing webhook sources or rotating secrets. A `202 {"accepted": true}` response means the channel worker accepted ownership of the task, not that the final response has already been delivered to chat. Check daemon and channel worker logs, plus `/daemon/status`, when troubleshooting delivery failures. ### Multi-Channel Mode When you run `qwen channel start` without a name, all channels defined in `settings.json` start together sharing a single agent process. Each channel maintains its own sessions — a Telegram user and a WeChat user get separate conversations, even though they share the same agent. Each channel uses its own `cwd` from its config, so different channels can work on different projects simultaneously. ### Service Management The channel service uses a PID file (`~/.qwen/channels/service.pid`) to track the running instance: - **Duplicate prevention**: Running `qwen channel start` while a service is already running will show an error instead of starting a second instance - **`qwen channel stop`**: Gracefully stops the running service from another terminal - **`qwen channel status`**: Shows whether the service is running, its uptime, and session counts per channel ### Crash Recovery If the agent process crashes unexpectedly, the channel service automatically restarts it and attempts to restore all active sessions. Users can continue their conversations without starting over. - Sessions are persisted to `~/.qwen/channels/sessions.json` while the service is running - On crash: the agent restarts within 3 seconds and reloads saved sessions - After 3 consecutive crashes, the service exits with an error - On clean shutdown (Ctrl+C or `qwen channel stop`): session data is cleared — the next start is always fresh