adult

title: Adult

text: Adult may mean different things. In law and social norms, an adult is a human who has reached the age of majority. The age of majority is the age at which an individual will be legally considered an adult. That age varies: in most countries, an adult is a person who is 18 years old or older. Once someone is adult, they no longer have to take directions from a parent or guardian but can make decisions for themselves, and be held responsible for their own actions. Legal penalties for crimes are different before and after the age of majority. An adult is much more than turning the age of 18. The definition in the dictionary states an adult means being completely grown: fully developed and mature. In the United States an adult is considered to be someone who takes responsibility for themselves and their actions. An adult has stability in their life and is able to take care of themselves physically, mentally, financially and emotionally. In other countries and cultures their definition of an adult differs. Adults are unique in many ways. Every person is an entity having their own identity, thought process, and way they see things. In contrast, a person who has not yet reached the age of majority is a minor. There are additional laws that decide from what age a person is allowed to do something; for example, vote, drink alcohol, and have sexual intercourse. For example, in the United States, a person becomes an adult on their 18th birthday, but they cannot buy alcoholic beverages until they turn 21. To verify their age, a young person must have an I.D. card for inspection by the bartender. There are also some cultures that says a person is an adult from an age of 13 years on, for example see Bar Mitzi, which usually corresponds to puberty. In biology, an animal is an adult when they are sexually mature. This means that they are able to sexually reproduce.


aerosol

title: Aerosol

text: An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas. Examples are smoke, oceanic haze, air pollution, smog and CS gas. When they say aerosol most people mean an aerosol spray can or the spray it makes. To differentiate suspensions from true solutions, the term sol evolved—originally meant to cover dispersions of tiny (sub-microscopic) particles in a liquid. With studies of dispersions in air, the term aerosol evolved and now embraces both liquid droplets, solid particles, and combinations of these.

isa: suspension


ankle

title: Ankle

text: In anatomy, the ankle is the joint that links the foot to the leg.

isa: joint


artery

title: Artery

text: An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body. Almost all arteries carry blood with a lot of oxygen in it. The only arteries that do not carry oxygen-rich blood are the pulmonary artery, and (in a fetus) the umbilical artery. Every artery has three layers. The outer layer is a thick covering made of stretchy tissue. The middle layer is made of muscle, so the artery can get wider or get smaller when the body needs it to. The inner lining is made of the same cells that line the heart. Arteries are deep under the skin. They do not have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards. Instead, every time the heart beats, the arteries stretch out so the blood has room to go through. Once the walls have completely stretched out, the muscles in the arteries make them shrink back to their normal size. This pushes the blood through. Arteries split down into small vessels called arterioles.

isa: vessel


basil

title: Basil

text: Basil (Ocimum basilicum) ( or ) is a plant of the Family Lamiaceae. It is also known as Sweet Basil or Tulsi. It is a tender low-growing herb that is grown as a perennial in warm, tropical climates. Basil is originally native to India and other tropical regions of Turkey and Asia Minor. It has been cultivated there for more than 5,000 years. It is prominently featured in many cuisines throughout the world. Some of them are Turkish, Thai, Vietnamese and Laotian cuisines. It grows to between 30–60 cm tall. It has light green, silky leaves 3–5 cm long and 1–3 cm broad. The leaves are opposite each other. The flowers are quite big. They are white in color and arranged as a spike. Is the Medicinal plant. The plant tastes somewhat like anise, with a strong, pungent, sweet smell. Basil is very sensitive to cold. It is best grown in hot, dry conditions. While most common varieties are treated as annuals, some are perennial, including African Blue and Holy Thai basil. The word basil comes from the Greek βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning "royal". This is because it is believed to have grown above the spot where St. Constantine and Helen discovered the Holy Cross. The Oxford English Dictionary quotes speculations that basil may have been used in "some royal unguent, bath, or medicine". Basil is still considered the "king of herbs" by many cookery authors. An alternative etymology has "basil" coming from the Latin word basilicus, meaning dragon and being the root for basilisk, but this likely was a linguistic reworking of the word as brought from Greece.

isa: plant


beard

title: Beard

text: A beard is the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face. The hair that grows on the upper lip of some men is a mustache. When a man has hair only below the lower lip and above the chin, it is called a soul patch. Some men have a lot of hair and a big beard, and some have very little. In the modern world, many men shave part or all of their beards, or cut their beard so it does not get very long. Some animals also have hair like this, and people sometimes also call this hair a beard.


branch

title: Branch

text: A branch is the part of a tree that grows out from the trunk of a tree. The size of a branch may vary depending on the type of tree, the location of the branch relative to the tree, and how healthy the tree is. The term twig usually refers to the end of a branch, while bough refers only to branches coming directly from the trunk.

isa: tree


causeway

title: Causeway

text: A Causeway is a road or railway embankment across water or marsh. Some may be underwater at high tide.

isa: road


chick

title: Chicken

text: Chicken refers to the domesticated subspecies of the red junglefowl. It is raised in many places for its meat and eggs. They are usually kept by humans as livestock. Some breeds of chickens can fly for a short distance. Some sleep in trees (if there are trees around). A male chicken is called a rooster or a cock. A female chicken is called a hen. A young chicken is called a chick. Like other female birds, hens lay eggs. Chicks hatch out of the eggs. When raising chickens, a farmer needs a chicken coop (like a little house) for the chickens to roost (sleep) in. They also need a run or yard where they can exercise, take dust baths, eat and drink. The chickens also need to be protected from predators such as foxes, coyotes and hawks too. Fences are often used for this. Chickens are also agriculturally farmed intensively. This lets chicken farms make a lot of chicken meats and chicken eggs.


confederation

title: Confederation

text: A confederation is a group of countries that, by treaty, have given some of their powers to a central government. They do this in order to coordinate their actions in a number of areas. This is like a federation, but without the association being a new country. A confederation is not the same as a federation, but they have a similarity. A confederation is a group of countries, a federation is a country. The only example today is the European Union. Switzerland still has the official Latin name Confœderatio Helvetica, since it was founded in 1291, as a confederation. It later became a federation but kept the word Confœderatio.

isa: country


conjunction

title: Conjunction

text: Conjunctions are words which join phrases, clauses and sentences. Conjunctions have three basic forms which are shown in the table below. Conjunctions also have two functions, as shown below. Although some people say it's not correct to use conjunctions at the beginning of a sentences, many famous writers do so.


cornu

title: Cornus

text: Cornus is a genus of 30-60 species of woody plants in the family Cornaceae. They are also called dogwoods or cornels. They have unique blossoms, berries, and bark. Most of the Cornus are deciduous trees or shrubs. A few of these species are alsoperennial subshrubs. Some of the species are be evergreen. Many species in this genus have small flowers that are surrounded by an involucre. In the involucre, there are petal bracts. Some species have clusters of petal-bearing flowers. These flowers are native to temperate and boreal Eurasia and North America. China, Japan, and southeast United States have many of these native species. There are many species of Cornus. Some common ones are the common dogwood Cornus sanguinea in Eurasia. In North America, there are many flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). In the Pacific and North America, there are many dogwood Cornus nuttallii. In east Asia, there is the Kousa dogwood Cornus kousa. In Canadian and Eurasian, there are dwarf cornels (or bunchberries): Cornus canadensis and Cornus suecica. Dogwoods can be classified many ways. It is usually divided into 1 to 9 genera or subgenera.


cramp

title: Cramp

text: A cramp is a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction or overshortening. They are usually temporary and non-damaging. Some cramps can cause a large amount of pain. They can also cause paralysis-like immobility of the affected muscle.


cut

title: Injury

text: Injury means a harm or hurt to the body of a living thing. Usually, an injury is when the body or a part of the body is damaged by something outside of the body. Another word for injury to a body is trauma. Injury can be by: *Environmental – Burns from heat or injury from cold *Penetrating injury – when a sharp object like a knife pierces the body *Blunt injury – when something hits the body (like punching someone or falling from a tree) *Chemical – being hurt by chemicals like burns from acid Injury can be accidental or intentional. In an intentional injury a person tries to hurt another. (Intentional injury is also called non-accidental injury). Accidental injury is without meaning to hurt someone. A traffic collision for example may injure someone accidentally.


cyanide

title: Cyanide

text: Cyanides are chemicals that contain the cyano-group C≡N. Organic compounds that contain the CN group are called nitriles. In that group a carbon atom has three chemical bonds to a nitrogen atom. The group is present in many substances. Those substances that can release the compound CN are very poisonous. Certain bacteria, fungi and algae are able to produce cyanides. Cyanides are also found in certain foods or plants, such as cassava. The cyanides serve as a defense against being eaten by herbivores. In popular culture, cyanides are said to be very toxic. There are some cyanides that are, but others that are not. Prussian blue, a cyanide compound, is given as a treatment to poisoning with thallium and caesium, for example. The poisons referred to are usually hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and the chemicals which are similar to it, like potassium cyanide (KCN), and sodium cyanide (NaCN). They are derivatives of hydrogen cyanide. The single most hazardous compound is hydrogen cyanide, which is a gas and kills by inhalation. cyanide smells like bitter almonds when near.


determinant

title: Determinant

text: The determinant of a square matrix is a scalar (a number) that indicates how that matrix behaves. It can be calculated from the numbers in the matrix. The determinant of the matrix A is written as \det(A) or |A| in a formula. Sometimes, instead of \det\left(\begin{bmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{bmatrix}\right) and \left|\begin{bmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{bmatrix}\right| , one simply writes \det\begin{bmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{bmatrix} and \left|\begin{matrix}a&b\\c&d\end{matrix}\right| .

isa: scalar


flop

title: FLOPS

text: FLOPS is an acronym for "floating point operations per second". The FLOPS is a measure of a computer's performance, especially in the fields of calculations that make heavy use of floating point calculations. It is like the older measure of instructions per second.


forearm

title: Forearm

text: The forearm is the part of the human arm between the elbow and the wrist. It has many muscles including the ones that move the fingers.


fox

title: Fox

text: A fox is a small mammalian carnivore. They hunt and eat live prey, mostly rabbits and rodents (squirrels and mice). They may also eat grasshoppers, birds' eggs, and even fruit and berries. Sometimes they eat carrion. Foxes are the smallest members of the dog family Canidae. Twelve species belong to the Vulpes genus of monophyletic "true foxes". There are about another 25 living or extinct species which are sometimes called foxes. The fox has pointed ears, narrow snout, and a bushy tail. Foxes are swift and agile runners which live in family groups. A female fox is called a vixen, and a male is called a dog. Foxes' tails are multi-purpose organs. Their bushy tail helps them keep warm while they are sleeping in cold weather. It is also part of the animal's food store for wintertime. Foxes' plump, bushy tail is easily seen, and is used for sending signals to its family members. The tail is also used for balance while running. Foxes are found on all continents (except Antarctica), mostly living in forest, shrubland, and desert regions. They were not native to Australia, but were introduced in some way. The most common fox species is the red fox. Red foxes have reddish-brown fur, and the tail tip is white. In the United Kingdom, it was a common sport for people to hunt foxes with horses and dogs. This is now banned. Later, foxes starts having subtypes such as Fennec, for example. :"Most agricultural damage is caused by rabbits, and this can be considerable. Yet in lowland areas, rabbits comprise 45 to 70 per cent of the diet of foxes... One study estimated that, over its lifetime, each fox was worth between £150 and £900 in increased revenue to farmers... A strong argument against killing foxes".

isa: carnivore


genre

title: Genre

text: Genre ( ) is any style or form of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other forms of art or entertainment, based on some set of stylistic criteria. Often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions. Stand-alone texts, works, or pieces of communication may have individual styles, but genres are amalgams of these texts based on agreed-upon or socially inferred conventions. Some genres may have rigid, strictly adhered-to guidelines, while others may show great flexibility. The proper use of a specific genre is important for a successful transfer of information (media-adequacy). Critical discussion of genre perhaps began with a classification system for ancient Greek literature, as set out in Aristotle's Poetics. For Aristotle, poetry (odes, epics, etc.), prose, and performance each had specific features that supported appropriate content of each genre. Speech patterns for comedy would not be appropriate for tragedy, for example, and even actors were restricted to their genre under the assumption that a type of person could tell one type of story best. Genres proliferate and develop beyond Aristotle's classifications— in response to changes in audiences and creators. Genre has become a dynamic tool to help the public make sense out of unpredictability through artistic expression. Given that art is often a response to a social state, in that people write, paint, sing, dance, and otherwise produce art about what they know about, the use of genre as a tool must be able to adapt to changing meanings.


hour

title: Hour

text: The hour (symbol: h) is a unit of measurement used to measure time. The hour is equal to sixty minutes. Twenty-four hours are equal to one day. Unlike the second, the hour is not a base SI unit.


interference

title: Interference

text: In physics, interference is the effect of wave functions. A single wave can interfere with itself, but this is still an addition of two waves (see Young's slits experiment). Two waves always interfere, even if the result of the addition is complicated or not remarkable. Something that happens when two or more waves are in the same space. Sometimes the peak of one wave joins with the peak of another wave, so the resulting peak is twice as high. Sometimes the peak of one wave falls into the trough of another wave, and the surface is then flat. When waves add their effects, it is called positive interference, or constructive interference. When one wave subtracts from the effects of the other, it is called negative interference, or destructive interference. If two people pushed on a car in the same direction, they would move the car better than either one alone. That would be positive interference. If two people of equal strength pushed the car from opposite directions, then it would not be moved by either of them. That would be negative interference.

isa: effect


jackpot

title: The Jackpot

text: The Jackpot is a 1950 American comedy movie directed by Walter Lang and starring James Stewart, James Gleason, Barbara Hale, Fred Clark, Alan Mowbray, and Natalie Wood. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.


laugh

title: Laugh

text: A laugh is a way of showing happiness. It is a vocal sound which a person makes when something is funny, like a joke, or a tickle. Sometimes people laugh when they are not happy. When people are ashamed or embarrassed, sometimes they react by laughing. There are different ways to laugh. A person can laugh using mostly their voice, mostly their throat, or mostly their nose. You can write a laugh in different ways. Some people write "ha ha ha", or "he he he", or "hehe". If they are on the internet, they also use "LOL". "LOL" does not sound like a laugh, but it stands for Laughing Out Loud. Human babies first laugh at the age of around three or four months, usually as an expression of surprise. Babies' laughter often produces a positive response in adults who will involuntarily copy the child. Video footage, on the YouTube site, of babies laughing was shown to Queen Elizabeth II during her visit, on 16 October 2008, to the Google headquarters, where both she and her husband the Duke of Edinburgh were reduced to 'fits of giggles'.


lift

title: Elevator

text: An elevator or lift is a vertical transport vehicle that efficiently moves people or goods between floors of a building, ship or other structure. They are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston. Languages other than English may have loanwords based on either elevator (e.g., Japanese) or lift (e.g., Cantonese). Because of wheelchair access laws, elevators are often a legal requirement in new multi-story buildings, especially where wheelchair ramps would be impractical.

isa: vehicle


loyalty

title: Loyalty

text: Loyalty is a devotion for someone or something. Someone who is loyal can be trusted, because they never betray the people they are loyal to.

isa: devotion


middleweight

title: Middleweight

text: In boxing, the term Middleweight is used for a specific group of people based on weight. A middleweight is a boxer weight does not exceed 160 pounds (73 kg). Boxing organizations created many divisions so that fighters could fight people of the same size. The first heavyweight champion under modern rules was Irish boxer Jack (Nonpareil) Dempsey. Famous heavyweight champions have include Bob Fitzsimmons, Nino Benvenuti, Rocky Graziano, Marvin Hagler, Bernard Hopkins, Roy Jones Jr., Jake LaMotta, Carlos Monzon, Sugar Ray Robinson, Tony Zale and Sugar Ray Leonard.


mons

title: Mons

text: Mons is a town in Belgium and the capital of the Province of Hainaut. It is the fourth largest city of the Walloon part of Belgium where French is spoken. The town's name takes its roots from the Latin word mons which means mountain. In 2015, the city becomes the European Capital of Culture for the calendar year. In 2007, 91,196 people lived there. It is at 50° 27 North, 03° 56 East.

isa: town


moss

title: Moss

text: Mosses are bryophytes, a group of plants without tissue to move water. Mosses evolved from liverworts. p75 Moss tissue does not have cells that move water. This means that they are non-vascular plants. Water must soak into mosses like a sponge. A patch of moss is made of many tiny moss plants packed together so that they can hold water for as long as possible. They do not have roots. Because mosses cannot find water, they live in two ways. They can live in places that are always wet like near a spring, a river, or in a place where there is a lot of fog or has a lot of rainfall. They can also pause their natural processes when they dry up. Mosses can survive months in this paused state. However, they eventually need water to live. This means they can never live in dry places like deserts. Mosses cannot grow very large because they could not move water to the top of their growth. The largest moss grows in New Zealand. It is about 30 cm tall. A moss does not make seeds. A moss does not have fruit. The green fuzzy part of a moss that is always there has only one set of DNA. Moss waits until there is lots of food and enough water. Then it produces spores that leave the parent plant and float away. The spores are like dust. They will make more moss. Each spore is male or female. It grows into the green fuzzy part of the moss called the gametophyte. Male gametophyte make sperm. Female gametophyte make eggs. Water moves the sperm from the male moss to the female moss. Then the sperm and the egg join to make a cell with two sets of moss DNA. This cell grows into a different shape called a sporophyte. The sporophyte gets all of its food from the green fuzzy female gametophyte. When the sporophyte grows up, it makes a tiny box with spores inside instead of seeds. The lid on the box falls and the spores float away to repeat the cycle again. This process is called alternation of generations. Scientists divide the mosses into eight groups. Five of these groups are small, with just a few species; most mosses are in the group called Bryopsida.


nail

title: Nail

text: A nail is a metal object with a flat head and a long, sharp tip. A hammer or nail gun is used to put it into another object. It is often used to join two objects together. The history of the nail came in three periods: # Hand-wrought (forged) nail (pre-history until 19th century) # Cut nail (roughly 1800 to 1914) # Wire nail (roughly 1860 to the present) Nails date back at least to Ancient Egypt – bronze nails found in Egypt have been dated 3400 BC. The Bible has references to nails. King David gave iron to make nails for what would become Solomon's Temple. The Romans made extensive use of nails. The Roman army left behind seven tons of nails when it evacuated the fortress of Inchtuthil in Perthshire, Scotland, in 86 or 87 AD.

isa: object


nettle

title: Urtica

text: Urtica is a genus of plants commonly known as the nettles. They can produce an itching sensation when they touch skin. The most well-known species is Urtica dioica, the common stinging nettle.


panhandle

title: Panhandle

text: A panhandle is a term used in geography to mean a narrow strip of land that is typically surrounded on all sides, except one, by one or more countries or regions. The strip of land is connected to the country or region it belongs to on one side only. Panhandles are named for their resemblance to the handle of a frying pan. Specific types of panhandles include bootheels, which are short, southward protrusions named for their similarity to the heel of a boot. North American Panhandles * Alaskan Panhandle * Alabama Panhandle * Connecticut Panhandle * Florida Panhandle * Idaho Panhandle * Maryland Panhandle * Nebraska Panhandle * Oklahoma Panhandle * Texas Panhandle * Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia * Northern Panhandle of West Virginia Panhandles in North America are primarily found in the United States, as countries in Central America are mostly bordered by the Pacific Ocean and/or Caribbean Sea, which results in several peninsulas but a lack of inland panhandles.


peep

title: Peeps

text: Peeps are marshmallows sold in the United States and Canada. They are shaped like ducks, bunnies, and other animals. There are also different shapes used for many holidays. Peeps are used to fill Easter baskets. In recent years, they have been advertised as "Peeps - Always in Season". They are now used to celebrate Halloween, Christmas and Valentine's Day. They are made from sugar, corn syrup, gelatin, various food dyes (never blue dye), and a pinch of salt.


plague

title: Bubonic plague

text: Bubonic plague is the best-known form of the disease plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. The name bubonic plague is specific for this form of the disease, which enters through the skin, and travels through the lymphatic system. The plague was spread by fleas on rats. This method of spreading disease is called a zoonosis. If the disease is left untreated, it kills about half its victims in three to seven days. The bubonic plague was the disease that caused the Black Death, which killed tens of millions of people in Europe, in the Middle Ages. Symptoms of this disease include coughing, fever, and black spots on the skin.

isa: plague


plotter

title: Plotter

text: A plotter is a kind of printer for computers. Plotters use vector graphics. Usually they are used to print to paper which is very large in size. Plotters print things using special, colored pens. There is one called the drum plotter. They are often used in warehouses. They are generally used for making flex or maps.

isa: printer


plum

title: Plum

text: A plum is a sweet fruit that grows on a plum tree. The scientific name for the tree is Prunus domestica. When the fruit is dried, it is called a prune. The color "plum" takes its name from the fruit. Prunus domestica is the European plum. Most of the plums we eat are grown on varieties of this tree. Greengages and damsons are varieties of plum. The plant is usually a large shrub or a small tree. It has attractive white blossom in spring. The branches often have thorns. The fruit can be up to 8 cm across, and is usually sweet (dessert plum). Some varieties are sour and require cooking with sugar. The fruit has a single large seed inside. Some plum trees need another plum tree growing nearby to fertilise the flowers. Without this the plum tree may not produce any fruit. Plum colored plums are called purple plums and are a deep purple color; other plums are reddish purple. Some other plums can be yellow, red, green or even white. The fruit has a groove running down one side, and a smooth stone (seed). The flesh of the fruit is brownish and is very juicy. The skin can be eaten. It can also be used to make jam and the juice can be used to make wine. It is closely related to the apricot. Plums contain many nutrients but is highest in vitamin C and potassium. A single plum contains approximately 6 grams of vitamin C and 100 grams of potassium.

isa: fruit


poultry

title: Poultry

text: Poultry are a group of domesticated birds kept by humans for their eggs, their meat or their feathers. These birds are most typically members of the superorder Galloanserae, especially the order Galliformes (which includes chickens, quails, turkeys). The term also includes birds that are killed for their meat, such as the young pigeons (known as squabs) but does not include similar wild birds hunted for sport or food and known as game. The word "poultry" comes from the French word poule, which itself is derived from the Latin word pullus, which means game birds.


prelude

title: Prelude

text: A prelude is a short piece of music for a musical instrument. It is called a prelude because it is supposed to be played before something else (Latin pre=before; ludere=to play).

isa: music


reckoning

title: Bambi: The Reckoning

text: Bambi: The Reckoning is an upcoming British independent horror film directed by Dan Allen, from a screenplay by Rhys Warrington. It is the third installment in The Twisted Childhood Universe (TCU) and serves as a horror retelling of Felix Salten's Bambi, a Life in the Woods. The film stars Roxanne McKee and Tom Mulheron, with Nicola Wright, Samira Mighty, Alex Cooke, Catherine Adams, and Russell Geoffrey Banks in supporting roles. It follows a mother and her son who become hunted by Bambi after his own mother's death. First announced in November 2022 as a Bambi-based horror film, the film was subsequently revealed to be set in the TCU shared continuity. It started production in London on 6 January 2024 and wrapped twenty days later. Bambi: The Reckoning is scheduled to be released on February 7, 2025 in the United Kingdom, released on March 17, 2025 in the United States and is set to be released on May 9, 2025 in Turkey.


roe

title: Roe

text: Roe is the ripe eggs of fish and certain marine animals, for example sea urchins, shrimp and scallop. It is a type of seafood. Roe is used in many different foods. It can be used cooked or raw. Caviar is a name for sturgeon roe which is eaten as a delicacy. Soft roe or white roe is not roe. It is the seminal fluid of fish.

isa: eggs


sawmill

title: Sawmill

text: A sawmill is a place where lumber is cut into boards. ==Sawmill process== Sawmills today work like sawmills from hundreds of years ago. A log enters at one end, and pieces of wood of a specific shape and size come out of the other end. * Trees are chosen to be harvested. * The tree is chopped so that it falls over; this is known as felling. * The tree is cut at both ends so that it is exactly as long as it needs to be; this is called bucking. * Branches are cut off the trunk. This is known as limbing. * Logs are taken by logging truck, by train, or by a log drive to the sawmill. * Logs are measured by a Log scaler, either on the way to the mill or when they arrive at the mill. * Debarking removes bark from the logs. * Logs are sorted by species, size, and end use (lumber, plywood, chips). This is called decking. * A sawyer uses a head saw, head rig, or primary saw to break the log into cants (smaller logs to be worked on some more) and flitches (unfinished planks). * Depending upon the species and quality of the log, the cants will either be further broken down by a resaw or a gang edger into multiple flitches and/or boards * Edging will take the flitch and trim off all irregular edges leaving four-sided lumber. * Trimming squares the ends at typical lumber lengths. * Drying removes naturally occurring moisture from the lumber. This can be done with kilns or air-dried. * Planing smooths the surface of the lumber leaving a uniform width and thickness. * Shipping transports the finished lumber to market.

isa: place


shamrock

title: Shamrock

text: Shamrocks are the young sprigs of clover or trefoil. The shamrock is a symbol of Ireland. According to a legend, Saint Patrick used it to illustrate the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. The name shamrock is derived from Irish . This is the diminutive version of the Irish word for clover ( ) meaning simply "little clover" or "young clover". Sometimes other three-leafed plants are called shamrocks. The shamrock can be used for its medicinal properties. It was used as a motif in Victorian days. Around March 17 (Saint Patrick's Day) small pots of shamrocks are sold. Some people wear sprigs of shamrock in a buttonhole on the holiday.

isa: sprig


shuttle

title: Shuttle

text: A shuttle is a tool designed to neatly and compactly store weft yarn while weaving. Shuttles are thrown or passed back and forth through the shed, between the yarn threads of the warp in order to weave in the weft. The simplest shuttles, known as "stick shuttles", are made from a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. More complicated shuttles incorporate bobbins or pirns. Shuttles are often made of wood from the Flowering Dogwood, because it is so hard, resists splintering, and can be polished to a very smooth finish. Originally shuttles were passed back and forth by hand. However, John Kay invented a loom in 1733 that incorporated a flying shuttle. This shuttle could be thrown through the warp, which allowed much wider cloth to be woven much more quickly and made the development of machine looms much simpler and easier to use.


skunk

title: Skunk

text: A skunk is a mammal, usually black with a white stripe on its back and a fluffy tail. Skunks are also able can be brown or gray. Its most special part is that it can shoot out a bad-smelling spray from under its tail; it does this to scare away things that could hurt it. It can eat both plants and small animals like earthworms, frogs, snakes, birds and eggs. It usually eats berries, leaves, grasses and nuts. In places where humans live, skunks often steal food from garbage or pet bowls. The striped skunk is the most well-known kind of skunk. It weighs 2.5 to 14 pounds (1.2–6.3 kg) with a body length (without the tail) of 13 to 18 inches (33–46 cm). The tail is 7 to 10 inches long (18–25 cm), and sometimes has a white tip. Most types of skunk live in the United States and Canada, but there are also types that live in Indonesia and the Philippines. There are ten living species of skunks in four genera: Conepatus (hog-nosed skunks, four species); Mephitis (the hooded and striped skunks, two species) and Spilogale (spotted skunks, four species). All wild skunks inhabit the Americas, ranging from Canada to central South America. Some people keep skunks as pets, but not everyone agrees if this is a good idea. Because the skunk’s spray would ruin furniture (the bad smell is almost impossible to remove) and the smell would affect other people, the skunk’s glands (the organs that produce the spray) are removed. However, professionals think that this harms the skunk, so in many places this is illegal. Because of this, in many places it is illegal to keep a skunk as a pet.


soup

title: Soup

text: A soup is a kind of food. People make soups by boiling things in water. Then they put the things they boiled into a bowl and eat them. Vegetables are in most soups. You can also put meat in soups. Soups that are thicker than normal, with more meat or vegetables, are stews. The liquid in soup is broth. Traditionally, soups are classified into two main groups: clear soups and thick soups. The traditional French types of clear soups are bouillon and consommé. Thick soups are classified by the type of thickening agent used. Purées are vegetable soups thickened with starch. Bisques are made from puréed shellfish or vegetables thickened with cream. Cream soups may be thickened with béchamel sauce; and veloutés are thickened with eggs, butter, and cream. Other ingredients commonly used to thicken soups and broths include egg, rice, lentils, flour, and grains. Most soups include carrots and potatoes. Some of the most common soups are chicken soup, tomato soup, pumpkin soup, and sopa de fideos. Canned soup can be condensed, which requires adding water (or sometimes milk), or it can be "ready-to-eat," which requires no additional liquid before eating. Condensed soup (invented in 1897 by Campbell Soup Company chemist John T. Dorrance) allows soup to be packaged in a smaller can and sold at a lower price than other canned soups. The "ready-to-eat" variant of soup can be prepared by simply heating the contents of the can on a kitchen stove or in a microwave oven. Soups like these can be used as a side dish. Soups are usually warm and crisp and can be accompanied with many things such as toast, bread and more. A popular British and American dish is tomato soup with grilled cheese.

isa: food


sprint

title: Sprint

text: Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are events in which runners will not have to "pace themselves", but can run as fast as possible for the entire distance. These are often some of the more popular events in the Olympic Games. The most common distances are 60 meters, 100 meters, 200 meters ,400 meters and 1500 metres.

isa: race


street

title: The Streets

text: The Streets are an rap/garage band whose lead singer, multi-instrumentalist & record producer was Mike Skinner, a British rapper. Born in Birmingham, Skinner has often been criticised for using a mockney accent during interviews and in many songs.

isa: rap


submarine

title: Submarine

text: A submarine (or sub) is a vessel that goes underwater. Most large submarines are war vessels. Some small ones are used for scientific or business purposes. These are often called "submersibles" and cannot go far or stay long away from base. Some people buy their own to explore under the sea. A submarine is a boat, not a ship.

isa: vessel


trail

title: Trail

text: A trail is a pedestrian path or road mainly used for walking, but often also for cycling, cross-country skiing or other activities. Some trails are off-limits to everyone other than hikers, and few trails allow motorized vehicles. In wilderness areas where no roads suitable to wheeled vehicles exist, pedestrian trails are the main way of going places. For example in 1942 in New Guinea, the Japanese and Australian armies fought for control of the Kokoda Track, a rugged foot trail that was a main route across eastern New Guinea.

isa: path


troll

title: Troll

text: A Troll is a Nordic mythological creature, may be: elves, dwarves, or monsters. Is a usually a giant that lives in caverns or undergrounds. It is also a well known internet meme. They are quite short in stature and are violent in nature as their name suggests. Their appearance is similar to that of a goblin. They tend to live in caves and under bridges. Some say they are huge others say they're dwarves. These monsters live under bridges, in burrows underground or in caves. They rarely leave their lairs during the day because sunlight turns them into stone. Water trolls are agile in water but clumsy on land. But they all have strong teeth and jaws.


weather

title: Weather

text: Weather is the day-to-day or hour-to-hour change in the atmosphere. Weather includes wind, lightning, storms, hurricanes, tornadoes, rain, hail, snow, and lots more. Energy from the Sun affects the weather too. Climate tells us what kinds of weather usually happen in an area at different times of the year. Changes in weather can affect the mood and life of many living things. People wear different clothes and do different things in different weather conditions. They also choose different food in different seasons. Weather stations around the world measure different parts of weather. Ways to measure weather are wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity. People try to use these measurements to make weather forecast s for the future. These people are scientists that are called meteorologists. They use computers to build large mathematical models to follow weather trends.

isa: day