abbey

title: Monastery

text: Monasteries are places where monks live. Although the word "monastery" is sometimes used for a place where nuns live, nuns usually live in a convent or nunnery. The word abbey (from the Syriac/Aramaic word : father) is also used for a Christian monastery or convent. The monk in charge of an abbey is called an abbot; the nun in charge of an abbey is an abbess. Several religions have a system of monasteries. Christian monasteries have a chapel for the monks to worship. Monks are not allowed to marry (celibacy). They are also not allowed to own anything. Everything they use, including their clothes, belongs to the monastery. During the Middle Ages after the Roman Empire was defeated, monasteries were some of the few places where knowledge still existed. Some monasteries were built in places far away from where other people lived. The monks who live there live very isolated lives, growing their own food and looking after one another. Other monasteries were in or near towns. Monks do a lot of work in the community, including as teaching, medical care or telling people about God. Few monks live isolated lives nowadays.

isa: place


alabaster

title: Alabaster

text: Alabaster is a name applied to varieties of two distinct minerals. Gypsum is a hydrous sulfate of calcium, and calcite is a carbonate of calcium. Gypsum is the alabaster of the present day; calcite is generally the alabaster of the ancients. Both are easy to work. They are attractive to look at. Both have been used for making a variety of artworks and objects, especially small carvings. The two kinds are easy to tell apart. One is harder than the other. Calcite is hard (Mohs hardness 3). Gypsum is soft (Mohs hardness 1.5 to 2). It can be easily scratched by a fingernail. Also, calcite effervesces when it is treated with hydrochloric acid. Gypsum does not.


amalgam

title: Amalgam

text: An amalgam is a solution,liquid or solid, of a metal in mercury. It is a type of alloy. Many metals can dissolve in mercury. Amalgams are used in tooth fillings. Platinum and iron cannot form amalgams. Gold can dissolve in mercury, which is used to separate gold from its ore. Aluminum forms an amalgam which can react with water because the thin oxide coating on the aluminum is dissolved.

isa: solution


antiquarian

title: Antiquarian

text: An antiquarian or antiquary (from the , meaning related to ancient times) is a student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient artifacts. This includes archaeological and historic sites, or historic archives and manuscripts. The essence of antiquarianism is a focus on the empirical evidence of the past. It may be better explained by the motto adopted by the 18th-century antiquary, Sir Richard Colt Hoare, "We speak from facts not theory".

isa: student


apparel

title: Clothing

text: Clothing are items used to cover the human body. Humans are the only animals that wear clothing. During the many thousands of years between losing body hair and learning to make clothes, humans were naked. Some native people in hot places continue to be naked in everyday life. Clothing is worn where the human body needs protection; from the sun and dust in hot, dry countries lacking shade and from the cold and wet in temperate climates. Clothing such as thick wool coats and boots keeps the human body warm in very cold temperatures (such as in the arctic). Clothing is also worn for decoration, as a fashion. People from different cultures wear different clothing, and have different beliefs and customs about what type of clothing should be worn. For many people, clothing is a status symbol. It helps people project an image. Often, clothing is a form of self-expression. Adults in different social or work situations present different views of themselves by the clothes they wear. Young people have an entirely different form of dress to express their personalities. Often people will simply follow popular fashion styles so that they will fit in. Clothing is far more than just a means to protect our bodies. Clothing is usually made of fabric sewn together, but may also be animal skins. Each body part has a typical item of clothing. The torso can be covered by shirts, arms by sleeves, legs by pants or skirts, hands by gloves, feet by footwear, and head by headgear or masks. In cold climates, people also wear heavy, thick coats such as overcoat s.

isa: item


apron

title: Apron

text: An apron is a protective piece of clothing made from fabric (or other materials) that covers the front of the body. Some workers wear aprons for hygienic reasons (for example restaurant workers). Other workers wear aprons to protect clothes, or to protect their bodies from injury. The apron is commonly part of the uniform of several jobs, including waitresses, nurses, homemakers, domestic workers and other jobs. It is also worn as decoration by women. There are many different types of aprons depending on what the apron is used for. Aprons can be made from many materials and fabrics. Rubber aprons are used by people who work with dangerous chemicals. Lead aprons are worn by people who work around radiation (like X-rays). Butchers (people who cut meat) wear chain aprons, to protect them from being cut by knives. Carpenters wear aprons made of heavy leather that have many pockets to hold tools. Many servants and domestic workers are required to wear an apron as a part of their work uniform.

isa: clothing


audit

title: Audit

text: An audit is an evaluation or examination of something by a person or group of people. They can be made to a person, to a company, to buildings, to systems, to documents and many other things that are used by people. Audits are made to check something, like a person is paying their taxes correctly or that a document is correct. The most common type of audit are the audits performed on companies and their financial statements, a type of document. In business, many companies inform and report their operations, their money, and their income in financial statements to many people for many reasons. They inform people like banks, governments, investors, and the public, for reasons like getting a loan, paying taxes, getting investments, and improving their public image.


badge

title: Badge

text: A badge is a device, patch, or accoutrement which is given and/or can be displayed to indicate some feat of service. It can be for a special accomplishment, a symbol of authority granted by taking an oath (e.g., police and fire). It may also be a sign of legitimate employment or student status, or as a simple means of identification. They are also used in advertising and publicity. Many badges are worn by soldiers on their uniforms, having been granted by their organization. Others are used by political parties, government and non-government services and organizations, schools and many more.

isa: device


bearberry

title: Bearberry

text: Bearberry is the name for three species of small woody plants in the heath family, Ericaceae. They grow well in cold places. Each species has subspecies. They can grow well in poor soil (for example soil that is mostly sand). They have edible fruit. Their leaves are sometimes used for folk medicine. The common name comes from the fact that bears often eat them.


bending

title: Bending

text: This article is about the structural behavior. For other meanings see Bending (disambiguation). In engineering and mechanics, bending (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a structural element subjected to a lateral load (i.e. at right angles to its length). A structural element subjected to bending is known as a beam. Stiffness is its ability to resist bending. A closet rod sagging under the weight of clothes is an example of a beam experiencing bending.


bitter

title: Bitterness

text: Bitter, one of the five basic tastes. Common bitter foods and beverages are coffee, pure chocolate, beer, citrus peel and escarole. Quinine is also known for its bitter taste and is found in tonic water.


brachiopod

title: Brachiopod

text: Brachiopods are a phylum of small marine shellfish, sometimes called lampshells. They are not common today, but in the Palaeozoic they were one of the most common types. They lived near the shore (littoral zone), but now they have been pushed into deeper water by competition from bivalve molluscs. At their peak in the Palaeozoic era the brachiopods occupied a number of marine ecological niches. They were among the most abundant filter-feeders and reef-builders. Many sat on the sea floor, but some swam in the jet-propulsion style of scallops. Brachiopod fossils have been useful indicators of climate changes during the Paleozoic era. They do look rather like bivalves, but their internal organisation is quite different. Their mostly calcium carbonate shells or "valves" have upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end. The front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection. Two major groups are recognized, articulate and inarticulate. Articulate brachiopods have toothed hinges and simple opening and closing muscles, while inarticulate brachiopods have untoothed hinges and a more complex system of muscles used to fit the two halves together. In a typical brachiopod a stalk-like pedicle goes from an opening in one of the valves (the pedicle valve). It attaches the animal to the seabed but clear of silt that would block the opening. Brachiopods have a huge fossil record going back to the Cambrian. They were much reduced by the two main extinction events, the P/Tr and K/T. Bivalve molluscs took over their inshore habitats in the Mesozoic, and since then the brachiopods have been confined to deeper water, except for a handful of species. There are about 100 to 350 species living; the fossil species number 12,000. Lingula, one of the oldest genera of brachiopods, has survived from the earliest Ordovician to the present day. The various species look very similar, and the genus is a good example of a living fossil. Brachiopod classification is being debated by invertebrate palaeontologists.

isa: phylum


brother

title: Sibling

text: The siblings are the sisters and brothers of a person.

isa: sister


cabal

title: Cabal

text: A cabal is a group of people who control or try to control affairs in society or within an organization secretly or dishonestly. Cabals are often a theme of a conspiracy theories. People sometimes say "There Is No Cabal", or TINC, to mean "There Is No Cabal". The joke is that since a cabal is necessarily secret, only those who are in the cabal can know.

isa: person


celeriac

title: Celeriac

text: Celeriac (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum) is a variety of celery. Its shoots and stem are edible. It came from the Mediterranean Basin.

isa: celery


chervil

title: Chervil

text: Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) is a herb that is related to parsley. It is sometimes called garden chervil.

isa: herb


citadel

title: Citadel

text: A citadel is a large fortress or castle that is usually built to protect cities or towns from attacks or disaster, though citadels have been built for other reasons as well. Citadels are often built to be the final protection for a city or town, in case enemies break through other protections such as walls or soldiers. The citadel of a city is most often built around the center of administration and government, which is where the king or city council makes their rulings. Other common places for a citadel to be placed are the downtown (central core) of the city, the holy center or religious square of the city (many shrines), and the business or financial area, where money is traded for goods, and invested.


column

title: Column

text: A column in architecture is a vertical element that transmits the weight of the structure above to the structure below. Columns can be either a single piece or several pieces put together. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest.

isa: element


cream

title: Cream

text: Cream (also called milkfat, milk fat, butterfat, and butter fat) is the fatty part of regular milk. Skimmed milk (or skim milk) is milk sold with some or nearly all of the fat removed. Cream is usually used in coffee to make it lighter in taste. Cream can also be used to make some sauces such as the Americanized Alfredo sauce.

isa: milk


dead

title: Death

text: Death is the end of a life in an organism. All biological and living activity of the living thing stops, including the mind and the senses. The usual signal for death in humans and many other animals is that the heart stops beating and cannot be restarted. This can be caused by many things. All living things have a limited lifespan, and all living things eventually die. Living things that have died are normally described as being dead. Death of humans is often investigated for the cause, in case of crime (such as murder), accident or disease that may continue to kill other humans. About 150,000 people die every day around the world. About two thirds of these people die because of age. In addition to the physical body, some believe humans also have a soul and believe that the soul can continue without a body (afterlife), move into another body (reincarnation), or cease to exist (annihilationism). Religions have different beliefs about this issue. Many cultures have their own customs and rituals to respect the dead. When people talk about things or events that lead to the death of a plant or animal, those things or events are usually described as being deadly, or fatal. In the case of diseases, they are described as terminal. Humans are no different from any other lifeform. Our bodies have an ability for self-repair, but that ability is limited. Finding the cause of death is a medical speciality called pathology. In medicine, death is when the heart stops beating for more than several minutes. There are special times in which people recover even though the heart has stopped for 30 minutes, such as near-drowning in very cold water. If machines are used to help the heart and lungs work, then the moment of death is more difficult to know.

isa: end


delegate

title: Delegate

text: A delegate someone who is either chosen or elected to vote or act for others. In organizations like the United Nations, each country sends delegates to represent them.


draft

title: Conscription

text: Conscription, also called draft, is when a government forces people to enlist in the army or other military service. Usually, only men are conscripted, but in some countries such as Israel, Norway and Sweden, women are as well. A soldier who has been drafted to serve in the army is called a conscript. Conscription may or may not be compulsory. If compulsory, it may be resisted. Usually, exceptions are allowed. Since men in their late teens and twenties are the main objective, conscription clashes with higher education, and exceptions may be allowed. The first large, modern conscript army was the French Grand Army after the French Revolution. Conscription soon became a common way of making up the armies. Almost all of the powerful armies in the world except United Kingdom were conscript armies, but during the World War s, even the British Army used mostly conscripts. Conscription was introduced in August 1916 in New Zealand during the First World War because the number of men needed to be recruited had not been met.


emerald

title: Emerald

text: An emerald is a mineral gemstone and a variety of beryl. It is the birthstone of someone whose birthday is in the month of May. It is a green crystal. The emerald is one of the most valuable gems, along with the ruby, the opal, topaz, the diamond, and a sapphire.


emergency

title: Emergency

text: An emergency is a situation in which a risk to health, life, property or environment is about to happen. Most emergencies need quick attention to prevent it from becoming worse. Even though some emergencies are easy to see, like a natural disaster, many smaller incidents need the opinion of someone who is watching in order to decide whether it is really an emergency. The exact definition of an emergency, the agencies involved and the rules followed, depend on the jurisdiction, and this is usually set by the government, whose agencies (emergency services) are responsible for emergency planning and handling.


flies

title: Fly

text: A fly (plural: flies) is an insect of the order Diptera. The Diptera is a large order of advanced flying insects. Their most obvious difference from other insects is in their flight. A normal fly has two flight wings on its thorax and a pair of halteres. The halteres, which evolved from the hind wings, act as flight sensors: they are balance organs. Also flies have large eyes with excellent wide-angle vision. With the help of their eyes and halteres, flies are exceptional fliers. They can avoid most predators, and are among the hardest insects to capture by hand. Their jinks, dives and turns to avoid their predators is their main adaptation. "These flies do a precise and fast calculation to avoid a specific threat and they are doing it using a brain that is as small as a grain of salt".... "And they can fly like an ace at birth. It's like putting a newborn baby in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft and it knowing what to do". The only other order of insects bearing two true, working wings plus any form of halteres are the Strepsiptera, a small order of insects. In contrast to the flies, the Strepsiptera evolved their halteres from their front wings and their flight wings are their rear wings. The presence of a single pair of wings distinguishes true flies from other insects with "fly" in their name, such as mayflies, dragonflies, damselflies, stoneflies, whiteflies, fireflies, sawflies, caddisflies, butterflies or scorpionflies. Some true flies have become secondarily wingless, including some that live in social insect colonies.

isa: insect


flute

title: Flute

text: The flute is a musical instrument. A person who plays the flute is called a flautist. There are many kinds of flutes. The most common concert flute is on C tuning. In addition, there are other flutes like piccolos, alto flutes, and bass flutes. Flutes have changed over time. Pan flutes were made for many centuries. Later, the "Renaissance flute" came into use. In Baroque music flute means recorder, so flutes were called traverso in order not to confuse them. A Bavarian flute maker named Boehm reformed flutes largely to enlarge the volume and improve the way of using the chromatic scale. Later improvements created the modern flute. There is a large repertoire of music for the flute. Baroque composers used them in their orchestras, usually in pairs, and composed concertos, chamber music and solo music for them. This has continued to the present day. Orchestras have at least 2 flutes each, sometimes three or four. Sometimes there is 1 piccolo which plays an octave higher, or an alto flute which plays a fifth lower than the flute. The flute sounds very bright and cheerful playing high notes. Please listen, for example, to the Badinerie from Bach's Orchestral Suite no 2. It can also sound very thoughtful or sad when playing in its lowest register. A good example is the opening of Debussy's Prélude à l'après midi d'un faune also flutes Andre a brass instrument and can make a really low pitch.

isa: instrument


gag

title: Gag

text: A gag is any thing used to stop a person from speaking. This is done by blocking or muffling the person's mouth and making it difficult for them to move their jaw and tongue in a normal way. Gags are very commonly seen in BDSM and bondage fantasy. Many different items can be used, ranging from a hand simply clamped over the victim's mouth, to a scarf tied between the jaws, to adhesive tape placed over the mouth and face to seal the lips. There are also many kinds of specially-made gags, which usually strap around or behind the head. Special gags of that kind are usually made from leather or rubber. In real life it is quite difficult to gag a person in such a way that their speech cannot be understood at all, and it is almost impossible to prevent a gagged person from making some kind of sound. It is also a risk to the person's safety, as the more tightly and securely someone is gagged, the greater the risk that they will choke or suffocate.


galley

title: Galley

text: A galley is a type of ship. Galleys use rowing to move. The first galleys were using in Ancient Egypt, during the Old Kingdom (c. 2700-2200 BCE). Long ago, people like the Egyptians and Cretans used boats with sails for fighting and trading. The Phoenicians were among the first to make a boat called a bireme around 700 BC. It had two sets of oars on each side, one above the other, so they wouldn't hit each other. They later added another set of oars outside the first two, making a ship called a trireme, around 500 BC. Some writings talk about ships with even more sets of oars, like the quinquireme, but these were probably just very big ships with two or three sets of oars.


harness

title: Climbing harness

text: A climbing harness (or simply harness) is used by rock climbers. It is used to secure the climber to a piece of rope. It is one of the basic parts of the rock climbing equipment.


insight

title: InSight

text: The InSight mission was a robotic lander sent to Mars to study its deep interior. Launched in 2018, it successfully landed on Mars and operated for about four years. InSight's main goals were to use a seismometer (SEIS) to measure marsquakes and create 3D models of Mars' interior, and to measure heat transfer using a heat probe (HP3) to understand Mars' early geological evolution. This would help scientists understand how terrestrial planets, including Earth, and the Moon formed. The mission was initially planned for 2016, but a problem with the SEIS instrument delayed the launch to 2018. This also increased the mission's cost. InSight landed successfully in 2018. However, dust accumulation on its solar panels eventually hampered its ability to generate power. Despite efforts to clean the panels, power production declined. In 2022, NASA put InSight into a low-power state and eventually lost communication with the lander in December of that year, ending the mission. Despite the power issues, InSight achieved many of its objectives. It detected numerous marsquakes, providing valuable data about the planet's internal structure. While the heat probe struggled to reach its intended depth, some heat flow data was still gathered. The information collected by InSight has significantly improved our understanding of Mars' formation and its current geological activity. Although the mission ended earlier than some hoped, it was considered a success.


laboratory

title: Laboratory

text: A laboratory (lab for short) is a work place where scientific research, experiments, or measurement are done. The word laboratory is also used for other places where the work done or equipment used are like those in scientific laboratories. These include: * a film laboratory or photographic laboratory * a computer lab * a medical lab * a clandestine lab for making illegal drugs Scientific laboratories can be found in schools and universities, in hospitals, in industry, in government or military facilities, and even aboard ships and spacecraft.


linkage

title: Genetic linkage

text: Genetic linkage occurs when alleles at different loci do not segregate at random. Mendel's second law is thus broken. Genes are linked when they are on the same chromosome. They then tend to stay together during meiosis. Alleles for genes on different chromosomes are usually not linked, due to independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis. There is some crossing over of DNA during meiosis when the chromosomes segregate. So, alleles on the same chromosome can be separated and go to different daughter cells. There is a greater probability of this happening if the alleles are far apart on the chromosome, as it is more likely that a cross-over will occur between them. The relative distance between two genes can be calculated using the offspring of an organism showing two linked genetic traits. The percentage of offspring where the two traits do not run together is noted. The higher the percentage of offspring showing both traits, the closer on the chromosome the two genes are. This was the first technique used for mapping genes on chromosomes. By working out the number of recombinants it is possible to obtain a measure for the distance between the genes. This distance is called a genetic map unit (m.u.), or a centimorgan and is defined as the distance between genes for which one product of meiosis in 100 is recombinant. A recombinant frequency (RF) of 1 % is equivalent to 1 m.u. A linkage map is created by finding the map distances between a number of traits that are present on the same chromosome, ideally avoiding significant gaps between traits to avoid the possibility of multiple crossovers.


lust

title: Lust

text: Lust is a term for a strong desire or wanting, or maybe even needing, often for sexual acts, although it is also commonly used to talk of a lust for life or a lust for power or for other goals. As a sexual desire, it is considered a sin (a failing) by Christianity, which lists it as one of the seven deadly sins. "Lust" was originally an Anglo-Saxon word which meant "desire" or "appetite".


market

title: Market

text: A market is a place where people go to buy or sell things. When people have products to sell, they set up a market place. There may be a special building for the market place, or the market may be held in an open space where the sellers can put up a stall (like a kind of tent) and then take the stall down at the end of the day. The word "market" can also have a more general meaning in the economy. It can mean the way things are bought or sold. "There is a big market for dishwashers" means that lots of people want to buy dishwashers. Therefore, a business that makes dishwashers is likely to be able to make a lot of money. When things are sold, people buy the product, and this "stimulates the economy" (helps people to spend and earn money). The market needs to balance supply and demand. There is no reason to make a supply of dishwashers if people do not want dishwashers. In the market, prices may change quickly if supply or demand changes.


medium

title: The Medium

text: The Medium is a two-act opera with words and music by Gian Carlo Menotti. It was commissioned by Columbia University. Its first performance was there on May 8, 1946. The opera's first professional production was presented on a double bill with Menotti's The Telephone. This occurred at the Heckscher Theater, New York City, on February 18-20, 1947 by the Ballet Society. The Broadway production took place on May 1, 1947, at the Ethel Barrymore Theater with the same cast. In 1951, Menotti directed, with the help of filmmaker Alexander Hammid, a movie version made to resemble film noir. It starred Anna Maria Alberghetti. A live television production starring Marie Powers took place on December 12, 1948 on the TV series Studio One.

isa: opera


microwave

title: Microwave

text: A microwave is a high-frequency radio wave. They are broadly defined as having a wavelength between 1 millimeter and 1 meter, or narrowly between 3 mm and 300 mm. Microwaves have many uses including radar, radio astronomy, and to heat food in a microwave oven. Unlike longer radio waves, they do not bend around land obstacles but go in line of sight. Still, they are much used for communication because they can have a high bandwidth. Almost all spacecraft communicate by microwave radio. When something moves, it almost always has a wave pattern to its movement - this can be seen in water most easily, in ripples and ocean waves. A very common type of wave in the universe is electromagnetic waves. Light is an example of an electromagnetic wave, and so is a microwave, for example the cosmic microwave background radiation. We can only see electromagnetic radiation in the visible light spectrum (which is why it's called the visible light spectrum), so microwaves are invisible. Microwaves were among the first radio waves discovered, in the late 19th century, by Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.

isa: wave


millet

title: Millet

text: Millet is a type of grain that is eaten. There are many types of millet. Millets are of good nutritional value. Millets also have high fiber content, and poor digestibility of nutrients. This limits their value in nutrition and makes them rather less acceptable to consumers.

isa: grain


mulberry

title: Mulberry

text: Mulberry (Morus) is a genus of 10–16 species of trees. They are native to warm regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with most of the species native to Asia. Mulberries are fast-growing when young but soon become slow-growing and rarely grow over 10-15 meters tall. The leaves are simple, often lobed, and ridged. The fruit grows in bunches, 2-3 centimeters long, is red to dark purple in color, edible, and sweet with a good flavor in several species. The fruit is used in pies, tarts, and wines. The fruit of the black mulberry, native to southwest Asia, and the red mulberry, native to eastern North America, have the strongest flavor. The fruit of the white mulberry, an east Asian species, has a very weak flavor. Mulberries can be grown from seeds, which is the best idea as seedling-grown trees are generally healthier. However, they are often planted from large pieces cut from other mulberry trees, which easily take root.


owner

title: Ownership

text: Ownership means total possession or control of property, which may be a business, an object, land or real estate, intellectual property or some other kind of property. The rights of ownership are: # Making decisions about what is owned, and # Benefiting from the economic returns of what is owned. Ownership can be divided, or shared between owners. Ownership has no legal value until money is added into the situation. The surplus, or profits, or money value of what is owned is divided according to the ownership accounts. Ownership is needed for the development of the capitalist socio-economic system. The concept of ownership has existed for thousands of years and in all cultures.


panic

title: Panic attack

text: Panic attacks are sudden periods of very bad anxiety. Along with feeling very scared, people with panic attacks usually have physical symptoms. These symptoms are not dangerous. However, they can make a person feel terrible for a short time. Having a panic attack is often terrifying and very upsetting. Many people who have a panic attack for the first time call the emergency services because they think they are having a heart attack or a nervous breakdown.

isa: period


plaster

title: Plaster

text: Plaster is a material similar to mortar and cement. Plaster of Paris is one kind, made from gypsum by heating it. It is used to make copies of footprints, fossils, skeletons, and to set fractured bones. Other kinds of plaster are used for buildings and other purposes. Decorative plaster is more usually called stucco.


plumcot

title: Plumcot

text: The plumcot is a hybrid fruit. A plumcot is part plum and part apricot. There are many different types of plumcot. Some of them are about half plum and half apricot, while others are mostly plum. One well-known type of plumcot is called the pluot, which is a trademarked name for plumcots that were developed in the 1980s by Floyd Zaiger. The first plumcots were bred in the late 1800s by Luther Burbank.

isa: fruit


profit

title: Profit

text: Profit is how much money somebody (normally a company) makes. This is found by subtracting how much money they have spent (expenditure) from how much money they have brought in (revenue).

isa: make


razor

title: Razor

text: A razor is a tool, that is used for removing body hair. Razors usually have one or more blades. The act of removing body hair wih a razor is commonly called shaving. There are different kinds of razors. Among them are: * Straight razors * Safety razors Sometimes, razors are to be used once only. Some razors use electricity, they are called electric shavers. Also, while men commonly shave, there are also razors that are targeted at women. Men commonly use razors to shave the hair in their face, or to trim their beard. Women ocmmonly use razors to shave their leg and underarms. The earliest razors known are from the Bronze Age. They were made of bronze and had an oval shape. There are different kinds of razors today, including straight razors, which are rarely used, and safety razors and electric razors. A slightly different type of electric razor is used to trim and cut hair from the head, because hair can be cut much more quickly with electric haircutting razors than with scissors.

isa: tool


regiment

title: Regiment

text: A regiment is a military unit made up of a number of battalions and a headquarters. It is under the command of a colonel or another officer. A modern regiment can also be similar to a brigade, in that both can be from a few hundred soldiers to 5,000 soldiers (from 3 to 7 battalions). The modern regiment's size changes in number, purpose, and role from country to country (and might not exist in some military forces) and sometimes even within the military of the same nations. In the United States Army, there are several different types of regiments including infantry, field artillery, cavalry, air defense and aviation. Each one has a headquarters with several companies assigned to them. In the United States Army there are several special regiments. These regiments include the 75th Rangers, The 3rd Infantry (The Old Guard) and the 160th Special Operations Aviation (Airborne) among others.


see

title: Sight

text: Sight (also called eyesight or vision) is one of the senses. Having sight means to be able to see. Seeing gives animals knowledge of the world. Some simple animals can only tell light from dark, but with vertebrates, the visual system is able to form images. The ability to interpret visible light information reaching the eyes is called visual perception. Sight is the resulting perception. The components that are necessary for vision are known as the visual system.

isa: sense


serenade

title: Serenade

text: In music, a serenade (or sometimes serenata) is a song or piece of music which is sung or played in someone’s honour. The word comes from the Latin "serenare" meaning: "to make calm". In the Middle Ages and Renaissance a serenade was usually a song which was sung by a lover underneath the window of his sweetheart in a country such as Spain. The lover may accompany himself on a guitar. This kind of serenade is often seen in operas, e.g. Mozart’s Don Giovanni . There is also a verb: to serenade, e.g. “the lover was serenading his sweetheart”. In the Baroque period a serenade was a type of cantata performed outdoors, in the evening, with singers and various musical instrumentas. Composers who wrote this kind of serenade include Alessandro Stradella and Alessandro Scarlatti. In the Classical music period the serenade became a piece of music for a small orchestra or a group of several instruments. They are similar to a symphony but lighter in character. They are often the same as a divertimento. Mozart wrote several serenades of this type, e.g. his famous Eine kleine Nachtmusik. Later composers such as Johannes Brahms and Hugo Wolf also wrote orchestral serenades. Other Romantic composers often wrote short instrumental works which they called “serenades”. Also the word serenade is featured in the arctic monkey's song "reckless serenade".

isa: song


seven

title: 7 (number)

text: The number seven is a natural number that comes after six, before eight. In Roman numerals, it is VII.


silver

title: Silver

text: Silver (symbol Ag) is a chemical element. In chemistry, silver is element 47, a transition metal. It has an atomic weight of 107.86 a.m.u. Its symbol is Ag, from the Latin word for silver, argentum.


sleeping

title: Sleep

text: Sleep (also called napping) is a state of resting. It happens in most animals, including humans. To sleep is to be unconscious. During deep sleep, most of the muscles that animals can control are not active, but resting to regain the energy they need for the next time they wake up. When asleep, humans cannot tell what is happening around them. Like most animals, healthy sleep in humans most often happens at night. When something is asleep, it cannot react like it would if it was awake. However, waking up from sleep is easier than waking up from hibernation or a coma. All mammals and birds, as well as many reptiles, amphibians and fish have a sleep cycle. In humans and many other animals, regular sleep is essential for survival. It seems that all animals with complex brains have sleep. We know that sleep is extremely important to human health and well-being. Humans and animals need sleep but we do not know exactly why. If one is tired (from not getting enough sleep), one will not be able to function properly in common activities. Being sleep-deprived leads to struggling to remember information, changing one's mood, energy, health, focus and a number of other effects. This is why people are told to not drive or use big machines when they feel tired. Sleep deprivation (not allowing a person enough sleep) can even be used as torture. Sleep deprivation causes negative effects for the person such as: irritability (annoyed mood), forgetting things or amnesia, and some pains (for example back ache or neck pain) in different areas of the body. Also, the immune system normally releases compounds known as cytokines which are used to help fight inflammation and infection. If a person does not get enough sleep, their body cannot protect them from illness. The body may not have time to complete memory recollection, muscle repair, and release hormones that regulate growth and appetite. During daytime, the Sun is out, and most people are awake. People work, go to school, or complete daily errands and activities. Some people sleep for a short time in the early afternoon for a quick rest—or because they are not able to sleep during the day. This is called a nap. A good nap should is recommended to last between 15 and 30 minutes. Naps that are 30–60 minutes can make someone feel dazed, confused, and less focused. It can also make it harder to sleep at night. In some countries, most notably where the weather is warm, there is a tradition to take a nap early in the afternoon.

isa: state


sling

title: Sling (weapon)

text: A sling is a type of weapon which involves swinging a rock round to gain speed before throwing it. The sling is an ancient weapon which was used in the Roman Empire. A skillful slinger can hit a target 10x10 cm at 20 metres distance. A sling has operational range for some 200 metres. The most famous user of sling was David, the future king of Israel, who killed Goliath by slinging a stone on his forehead. In the Middle Ages, Spanish peasants used slings against Moorish cavalry. A hit on the horse's head could kill the horse.


spade

title: Spade

text: In gardening, a spade is a tool for digging. It is similar to a shovel. It has a straight handle, usually of wood and a blade, usually of steel. For some purposes the difference between a spade and a shovel is important. For example, spade more easily digs in hard soil; a shovel more easily moves gravel. In card game s a spade is one of the four shapes or "suits" of cards.


sumac

title: Sumac

text: Sumac, also spelled sumach, is a flowering plant. Sumacs are small trees. The leaves are arranged like spirals. The flowers are in spikes. Each flower is very small, greenish, creamy white or red, with five petals. The fruits form clusters of reddish drupes called "sumac bobs".

isa: plant


sunfish

title: Centrarchidae

text: Centrarchidae or sunfish are a family of freshwater ray-finned fish. They belonging to the order Perciformes. The type genus is Centrarchus (consisting solely of the flier, C. macropterus). The family's 37 species include many fish familiar to North Americans, including the rock bass, largemouth bass, bluegill, pumpkinseed, and crappies. All are native only to North America. Family members are distinguished by having from five to 13 dorsal spines, which are sharp bones in the dorsal fin. Sizes of most are in the range. However, some are much smaller, with the black-banded sunfish at just in length, while the largemouth bass is reported to reach almost in extreme cases. The male of most species builds a nest by hollowing out a depression using his tail, then guards the eggs. Most sunfish are valued for sport fishing. They have been introduced in many areas outside their original ranges, sometimes becoming an invasive species.

isa: fish


tomato

title: Tomato

text: The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a vegetable/botanical fruit, or specifically, a berry (but not a fruit as ordinary people use the word). Tomatoes are shiny and smooth with many small seeds. They are very good for health. Most tomatoes are red, but are green when unripe. They slowly change color from green to red as they get ripe, and as they get ripe they get bigger and bigger. There are many different types of tomatoes. Some kinds of tomato are yellow or orange when they are ripe. Tomatoes are used a lot in Italian food. They are also used to make ketchup. Tomatoes are called fruit, because they contain seeds. Tomato seeds get spread around by being eaten by animals. After being eaten the seeds pass through the animal's digestive system. Although tomatoes are really fruits, many people call them vegetables and treat them like vegetables when they cook. Tomatoes are a savory product.

isa: vegetable


turquoise

title: Turquoise

text: Turquoise is an opaque (cannot be seen through), blueish-green mineral. It is not common and can be valuable in finer grades. It has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years because of its interesting coloring. The word 'turquoise' means Turkish in French.


turtle

title: The Turtles

text: The Turtles were a 1960s pop group from Los Angeles, California. Their best known song is "Happy Together". Chip Douglas was a band member, who left to produce the Monkees, then returned as the Turtles producer. After the Turtles broke up in the 1970s, the group's two frontmen, Howard Kaylan and Mark Volman, sang with Frank Zappa as Flo and Eddie. The Turtles are known for their songs Happy Together and She'd Rather Be With Me. They were originally active from the years 1965 to 1970, and split up for thirteen years before Kaylan and Volman made the band again in 1983.


ugli

title: Ugli fruit

text: An ugli is a type of citrus fruit. It is related to the lemon. It started to grow quickly all across Jamaica over 80 years ago and was quickly discovered by the natives there. It became popularly known, but it did not have a name. The natives on Jamaica named it the ugli fruit because of its ugly appearance. It was shipped to the United States and South America on cargo ships and after it arrived in the Americas, its popularity only grew. The original fruit is believed to have been a hybrid formed from the Seville orange, the grapefruit, and the tangerine families. It is rich in vitamin C and other nutrients, low in calories, and contains powerful anti-inflammatory antioxidants called flavonoids. Most tangelos are free of furanocoumarins, which means they may be safe for those taking certain medications. Ugli fruit is a tasty way to enjoy the many benefits of citrus fruit.


umbrella

title: Umbrella

text: An umbrella is a hand tool that is used to stop solar radiation or rain from falling on a person. The name origins from "umbra", the Latin for "Shadow" or "Shade from light". In the ancient times umbrellas were used for protection from the Sun. But, in the modern times they are being used also for protection from the rain. Some countries use the words parasol and parapluie to distinguish sun umbrella and rain umbrella. An umbrella, is a portable device designed to shield the user from weather elements such as rain or sunlight. It generally consists of a fabric canopy supported by a frame and a central pole. Umbrellas are widely used for personal protection against rain or to provide shade on hot days. Their portability makes them a convenient accessory, and while most commonly associated with individual use, they have also had applications in architecture and transportation.


vicar

title: Clergyman

text: A clergyman is an ordained minister of the Anglican Church, or of some other Protestant churches. 'Vicar' and 'pastor' are other possibilities. 'Rector' is used in some Scottish Presbyterian churches. 'The clergy' is often used as a group term. The word 'cleric', meaning a clerk, is the root term. It comes from the fact that all clerics could read and write, at a time when this was a rare skill. By general use and convention, Anglican ministers are not called priests. This is because the unqualified term 'priest' or 'father' is widely used as referring to the Catholic Church. Of course, in modern times an Anglican minister may be female, in which case the term 'reverend' or 'minister' may be used.

isa: minister


walleye

title: Walleye

text: Walleye (Sander vitreus) is a freshwater perciform fish native to most of Canada and to the northern United States. It is a North American close relative of the European pikeperch. The walleye is sometimes also called the yellow walleye to distinguish it from the blue walleye, which is an extinct subspecies formerly found in the southern Great Lakes.

isa: native


zinc

title: Zinc

text: Zinc, sometimes called spelter, is a chemical element. It is in the group of metals called the transition metals. It is sometimes considered a post-transition metal. Its symbol on the periodic table is "Zn". Zinc is the 30th element on the periodic table, and has an atomic number of 30. Zinc has a mass number of 65.38. It contains 30 protons and 30 electrons. In total, 29 isotopes of zinc are known, and five of these occur in nature. Some isotopes are radioactive. Their half-lives are between 40 milliseconds for 57 Zn and 5x10 18 years for 70 Zn. Zinc is a metal that is mostly used for galvanizing and batteries. It is the fourth most common metal used by people.

isa: element