adjective

title: Adjective

text: An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. Nouns are words that name a place, a person, a thing, or an idea. An adjective is a word that gives more information about the noun that goes with it. It is a part of speech. Often, the adjective is before the noun it describes. Sometimes an adjective is not followed by a noun: * The sky is blue. * The joke she told was so nice, I could not stop laughing all day. * It is still an adjective, because we could have "the blue sky", "the funny joke", and "the crazy man". The adjective is still describing the noun though they are not side by side. * There is a tall man. An adjective is a word that gives instant information about a noun to make a clear picture of the noun in the mind of the reader and create a feeling to the writer.


agonist

title: Agonist

text: An agonist is a type of chemical known as a ligand. It binds to a receptor. It activates (switches on) the receptor to produce a response. An agonist causes an action. There are also antagonists which block the action of the agonists, and there are inverse agonists which cause an action opposite to that of the agonist. This is typical of the systems which regulate the body. Being able to control activity is the basis of homeostasis.


angel

title: Angel

text: In many mythologies and religions, an angel is a good spirit. The word angel comes from the Greek word angelos which means "messenger". Angels appear frequently in the Old Testament, the New Testament, Qur'an and Aqdas. Different references to angels throughout the Bible suggest different kinds and ranks of angels, such as seraphs (Hebrew plural: seraphim) or cherubs (Hebrew plural: cherubim). This resulted in medieval theologians outlining a hierarchy of such divine messengers, including not only cherubs and seraphs, but also archangels, powers, principalities, dominions and thrones. The study of angels is called angelology.


argonaut

title: Jason

text: Jason was a hero in Greek mythology. He was born in Thessaly, northern Greece. Jason was the captain of the ship called the Argos. The men who helped to sail the boat were called the Argonauts. The word Argonaut comes from the name of the boat: Argo and the word ending -naut meaning "sailor". Jason and the Argonauts went to find the Golden Fleece. His father was Aeson, the rightful king of Iolcus. Jason fell in love with the daughter of the Golden Fleece's owner. Her name was Medea. Medea helped Jason get the Golden Fleece from her father. Jason and Medea killed the owner of the Golden Fleece and returned to Jason's city, Iolcus. Medea then killed Jason's half-brother Pelias so Jason could be in charge. When she was found out, Jason and Medea went to live in the Greek city of Corinth. Jason then married the princess of Corinth so they could stay. The story of Jason, the Argonauts, and the Golden Fleece is told in two modern movies: Hercules starring Steve Reeves, and Jason and the Argonauts starring Todd Armstrong.


asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: Asphalt, or bitumen, is a sticky, black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of petroleum. It is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits. It is the material which made the La Brea tar pits. Its main use is in road construction. Mixed with "aggregate" (sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc.) it makes a good road surface. It has various other names: pitch, tarmac, blacktop, asphalt concrete, asphalt pavement (US), all mean roughly the same thing. Asphalt which is liquid is often called tar. Tar is also used for plant resin. Solid asphalt is often called pitch. Although a block of asphalt or pitch can look like a solid, it still flows, but very slowly. There have been a few "pitch experiments" to see how long it takes for a drip to form and drop off a block of apparently solid pitch.


biscuit

title: Biscuit

text: A biscuit is a type of food. They are small baked breads or cakes.

isa: food


bullet

title: Bullet

text: Bullets are small metal objects fired from guns. Many kinds of bullets are made from lead covered with copper. They are put into a package called a cartridge, which is put into a gun. The bullet is at the front of the cartridge (number 1 in the picture). The bullet is pushed out of the gun by hot gases at a high pressure. A powder called gunpowder (number 3 in the picture) is put inside the case (number 2). A small explosion from the primer (number 5 in the picture) lights the gunpowder. The gunpowder burns very fast. It makes hot gases. The hot gases are at a high pressure. The high pressure pushes the bullet out of the gun barrel at a high speed. Bullets are weapons. Soldiers and police use them. They are used for self-defense. They are used for hunting animals for food or as a sport, but are also used for shooting targets. There are many kinds of bullets. Each gun uses a specific size, or caliber, of bullet. Rifles and handguns use different kinds of bullets and sometimes a gun uses more than one kind. Even though the word "bullet" is used for a cartridge round a lot of times, a bullet is not a cartridge but a part of one instead. A round of ammunition cartridge includes the bullet (which is the projectile), the case (which holds everything together), the propellant (which gives most of the energy to shoot it) and the primer (which lights the propellant on fire).


caecilian

title: Caecilian

text: The Caecilians are an order (Gymnophiona or Apoda) of amphibians. Most of them look like either earthworms or snakes. They burrow in the ground. For this reason, they are the least explored order of amphibians.

isa: order


cell

title: Cell

text: In biology, the cell is the basic structure of organisms. All living things are made up of cells, from the organs in the human body to the parts of plants. All cells are made by the division of cells that already exist (pre-existing cells). The environment outside the cell is separated from the cytoplasm inside the cell by the cell membrane. Inside some cells, parts of the cell stay separate from other parts. These separate parts are called organelles (like small organs). They each do different things in the cell. Examples are the nucleus (where DNA is), and mitochondria (where chemical energy is converted). Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles like Eukaryotes. There are around 37 trillion (3.7 x 10 13 ) cells in the human body. An old saying is that bacteria outnumber the number of cells in the body 10 times over, and there are 10 times more bacteria than cells (3.7 x 10 14 ) but many are debating this.

isa: structure


char

title: Chars

text: Chars is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.

isa: commune


chard

title: Chard

text: Chard (also known as Swiss chard, silverbeet, perpetual spinach, or mangold) is a vegetable. It is in the same family as spinach, Amaranthaceae.

isa: vegetable


choir

title: Choir (music)

text: A choir or choral group is a collection of people who sing together. They typically rehearse together with a leader and perform concerts or sing during religious services. Some choirs are professional (the singers are paid for their work in the choir). Some choirs are semi-professional (the leaders are paid at a professional rate for their work with the choir but the singers are not). Some choirs are amateur or recreational (the leaders are either not paid or are offered an honorarium and the singers are not paid). Some amateur choirs invite anyone who is interested sing with them. Professional, semi-professional, and some amateur or recreational choirs require interested people to audition and then select their members based on a set of audition criteria.

isa: collection


chord

title: Chord

text: A chord in music is when two or more notes are played together (some textbooks say that it is when three or more notes are played). A chord which is built up of the 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of a scale is called a "tonic triad". If it is made from a major scale, it is a major chord. If it is made from a minor scale it is a minor chord. However, any combination of notes played simultaneously is considered a chord. When only two notes are played together, it’s more often called “double stops” (referring to the different banks of pipes on a pipe organ, controlled by valves called “stops”). Chords can be played on instruments such as piano, keyboard, organ, harp, guitar, harmonica, ukulele and xylophone. Chords with two notes can be played on string instruments by bowing on two strings together. By bowing on two strings and then quickly on the other two strings, a violinist can make it sound as if a four-part chord is being played. Some players of wind instruments are able to make chords by playing two or more harmonics together.


cipher

title: Cypher

text: A cypher is an algorithm for performing encryption (coding) or decryption (decoding). It is a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a procedure. To encipher or encode is to convert information from plain text into cipher or code. In non-technical usage, a 'cipher' often means the same thing as a 'code'; but in cryptography, cyphers are distinguished from codes. One 20th century source gives this explanation: a cypher is "a method in which the basic unit of concealment is the letter. In comparison, a code is a form of concealment in which the basic unit is the word". Late in the century, "codes" in this cryptographic sense became rare. 21st century cryptography mostly encrypts bitstreams. Codes operated by substituting according to a large codebook which linked a random string of characters or numbers to a word or phrase. For example, "UQJHSE" could be the code for "Proceed to the following coordinates". A cypher is used to turn the original information ("plaintext") to the encrypted form "ciphertext". The ciphertext message contains all the information of the plaintext message, but cannot be read by human or computer without the proper mechanism to decrypt it. To encipher or decipher, you need the "key". In encryption, a key specifies the particular transformation of plaintext into ciphertext, or vice versa during decryption. By type of key used cyphers are divided into: * symmetric key algorithms (private-key cryptography): the same key is used for encryption and decryption, and * asymmetric key algorithms (public-key cryptography): two different keys are used for encryption and decryption. The word cypher in French is cifre and in Medieval Latin cifra, from the Arabic sifr, meaning 'zero'. The first known English use of zero was in 1598.


circle

title: Circle

text: A circle is a round, two-dimensional shape. All points on the edge of the circle are at the same distance from the center. The point on the side. Mathematicians use the letter r for the length of a circle's radius. The center of a circle is the point in the very middle. It is often written as O . The diameter (meaning "all the way across") of a circle is a straight line that goes from one side to the opposite and right through the center of the circle. Mathematicians use the letter d for the length of this line. The diameter of a circle is equal to twice its radius ( d equals 2 times r ): : d=2r The circumference (meaning "all the way around") of a circle is the line that goes around the center of the circle. Mathematicians use the letter c for the length of this line. The number \pi (written as the Greek letter pi) is a very useful number. It is the length of the circumference divided by the length of the diameter ( \pi equals c divided by d ). As a fraction the number \pi is equal to about \frac{22}{7} or \frac{355}{113} (which is closer) and as a number it is about 3.1415926536 . The area, A , inside a circle is equal to the radius multiplied by itself, then multiplied by \pi ( A equals \pi times r times r ). : A=\pi r^2


clamp

title: Clamp

text: A clamp is a device used to hold things tightly together and to prevent movement and/or separation of objects. Clamps are used in technical work, such as woodworking. There are also special types of clamps used in medicine.

isa: device


corset

title: Corset

text: A corset is a body covering undergarment (clothes worn under others). It is made in many forms. *A tight-lacing corset is a common form used today. *"Stays" are an old form, which were used from about 1500 to after 1860 *An orthopaedic corset supports the back of an injured person.


draw

title: Drawing

text: Drawing is a way of making a picture. Drawings are created by making lines on a surface. Long lines make up the shapes and small lines make the textures. Drawings can be images of real-life or abstract images. Drawing has been done for thousands of years, dating back to cave paintings. It focuses on objects made by humans for any number of spiritual, narrative, philosophical, symbolic, conceptual, documentary, decorative, and even functional and other purposes.

isa: picture


dress

title: Dress

text: A dress is one of the basic styles of female clothing. It is a garment of a skirt (bottom half) with an attached bodice (top half). The colouring and style of the dress gives the effect of a one-piece garment. A dress is also known as a frock or a gown. In Europe and the Americas, dresses are worn by females of all ages as an alternative to a separate skirt and blouse or trousers. There are many types of dresses. A dress is usually worn at formal occasions, such as a wedding or a dance. It is also worn in the summer to keep cool. Younger females tend to prefer shorter skirts than older females.

isa: style


exhibit

title: Exhibition

text: An exhibition is an organized event in which a collection of special objects can be viewed by the public. The objects are often brought together from many places for the period of the exhibition. The objects on show are called exhibits. Museums often organize special exhibitions, such as paintings by a famous painter. These paintings will mostly be “on loan”, i.e. specially borrowed from other museums. Exhibitions can be about anything. They may be to do with art, or they can also be science exhibitions. Some exhibitions show things which can be bought. Firms exhibit the things they have made, hoping to encourage business. These exhibitions are called trade fairs. They are sometimes called expositions or expos. They may be open to the public, but others are just for invited business people.

isa: event


fun

title: Recreation

text: Recreation or fun is a person's time of refreshing his or her body and mind. There are many different forms of recreation which are shaped by individual interests and by environment; a few examples being reading, playing or listening to music, watching movies or TV, gardening, hunting, hobbies, sports, studies, and travel. These activities are just some of a wide variety of recreation activity available in day-to-day life. Public places such as parks and beaches are very important for many recreational activities. Tourism profession has recognized long ago that many of their clients are specifically attracted by recreational offerings.

isa: person


gadfly

title: Gadfly

text: Gadfly is used for term for horse-fly or botfly. They are ectoparasites of mammals which drive the animals almost crazy with irritation.


identifier

title: Identifier

text: An identifier can be termed as a name given to something unique, an object, or a set of objects. It may be an idea, a person, a physical object, or some substance. ID is an abbreviation to often mean either identity, identification, or identifier. Identifiers can be words, numbers, letters, symbols, or a mix of these. They might follow a system (where symbols represent ideas or longer names) or be random. When they follow a system, they are often called codes. An example could be a set of symbols that stand for longer values. If they don’t follow a system, they are called arbitrary IDs and have no special meaning. A unique identifier (UID) refers to only one specific thing. For instance, a part number identifies a kind of part, but the serial number for each part identifies it uniquely. Thus, "Model T" identifies a type of car, but "Model T Serial Number 159,862" identifies one particular car. The terms name and identifier are synonymous, yet the terms are not uniformly used the same way. For example, “Jamie Zawinski” is a name, while “Netscape employee number 20” is an identifier. Both refer to the same person, yet we normally refer to the first as a name and to the second as an identifier.


insurgent

title: Insurgency

text: An insurgency is an armed rebellion against authority by lightly armed small groups who practice guerrilla warfare from mostly rural base areas.

isa: authority


intellect

title: Intellect

text: Intellect is the capacity of the mind by which one reasons. It does not involve the power to feel and move but the power to think. Subjects like Logic, Philosophy and Mathematics all involve the intellect. The intellect involves the power to identify, associate and differentiate. To identify is to find out what a thing is exactly. To associate is to find similarities between things, how they are alike, how they are like each other. To differentiate is to find out how things are different from each other. The intellect is always involved in at least one of these three activities.

isa: capacity


key

title: Key

text: A key is an object used to open and close locks. Many things have locks, for example, doors. Keys are also used to turn on cars, machines and other things. A key is used by placing the key into the slot of the thing you want to unlock. A key that can open more than one lock (if each lock also has its own key) is called a master key or skeleton key. The key can open doors and lock doors.

isa: object


lancet

title: The Lancet

text: The Lancet is a weekly peer reviewed general medical journal. The journal was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, an English surgeon. The word "lancet" has two meanings: a surgical knife, and an architectural term "lancet arch", a window with a sharp pointed arch. This might suggest the "light of wisdom" or "to let in light". The journal publishes original research articles, review articles ("seminars" and "reviews"), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. The Lancet has been owned by Elsevier since 1991. The journal has editorial offices in London, New York, and Beijing.

isa: journal


larch

title: Larch

text: Larches are conifers in the genus Larix. They grow on the northern hemisphere. Unlike other conifers, larches lose their leaves during autumn and winter.


licence

title: License

text: A license (in American English) or licence (in British English) allows someone to do something that they otherwise are not allowed to do. A person usually has to pay some money, and maybe pass a test to get a license. A license is usually written but it does not have to be. Most kinds of licenses can only be used by the person they were given to. Licenses may be temporary or permanent. Some licenses can not be taken away once they are given. A person with a license is called a licensee. In many countries, if a person tries to do something without the correct license to do it, they might have to pay a fine or go to prison.


loom

title: Loom

text: A loom is a machine for weaving thread or yarn into textiles. Looms can range from very small hand-held frames, to large free-standing hand looms, to huge automatic mechanical devices. The invention of the power loom by Edmund Cartwright was very important in the Industrial Revolution. File:Model of Loom, late 19th century, 02.255.2253.jpg|Model of Navajo Loom, late 19th century, Brooklyn Museum.jpg File:Japaneseweavera.jpg|An early nineteenth century Japanese loom with several heddles, which the weaver controls with her foot File:JakaltekBackstrapWeaving.jpg|A Jakaltek Maya brocades a hair sash on a back strap loom. File:Hjerl Hede, krosno tkackie, ubt.jpeg|Hand loom at Hjerl Hede, Denmark, showing grayish warp threads (back) and cloth woven with red filling yarn (front) File:Alberto Sa¦ünchez Marti¦ünez working.tiff|Oaxacan artisan Alberto Sanchez Martinez at loom File:The Korkosz Croft in Czarna Góra 01.jpg|Hand loom at the Korkosz Croft in Czarna Góra, Poland, 19th century File:Stelles Slutišķu vecticībnieku lauku sētā.jpg|A loom in an Old Believer homestead in Slutiški, Latvia File:Handloom in an exhibition 002.jpg|Handloom from India File:Handloom Weaver in an exhibition 2.jpg|Weaver from India showing handloom during an exhibition

isa: machine


maiden

title: Virginity

text: Virginity means a state of purity or inexperience. Traditionally a virgin is a person that has not had sexual intercourse. Virginity has different meanings and importance in different religions and cultures. The idea that Virgin women have an unbroken hymen is false. The hymen partially blocks the opening of the vagina about two inches deep. When a man inserts his penis into the vagina, this can tear or break the hymen which may result in bleeding. This blood is important in many cultures, as it is a sign that the woman is a virgin. There are other actions that can result in the hymen being worn away. These include riding a horse, playing sports, or other recreational activities. It can also heal over time just like torn human tissue can. It is possible for a virgin to have a sexually transmitted disease, which was acquired by some other means: such as drug use, blood or plasma transfusions, close skin contact in the pubic area with infected people, oral sex, and other means. In several polytheistic religions, priestesses of certain gods have to be virgins. In many cultures it is said that women should be virgins until marriage. In some cultures, women who are not virgins until marriage are ostracized or murdered. In order to guard against loss of virginity, Heterosexuals practice vaginal fisting. In particular heterosexual women incorporate vaginal fisting to protect their virginity from being ended.


muskellunge

title: Muskellunge

text: The muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) is a freshwater game fish. It is the largest member of the Esox (Pike) family. The muskellunge is also called the muskie or maskinonge (Canada). It is native to northern and eastern North America. Muskies have been introduced into other U.S. states.. Muskies are carnivorous and eat other fish. They are ambush feeders who will attack anything that moves in or on the water.

isa: fish


noun

title: Noun

text: A noun is a kind of word (see part of speech) that is usually the name of something such as a person, place, thing, animal, or idea. In English, nouns can be singular or plural. Nouns often need a word called an article or determiner (like the or that). These words usually do not go with other kinds of words like verbs or adverbs. (For example, people do not also describe nouns). In English, there are more nouns than any other kind of word. Every language in the world has nouns, but they are not always used in the same ways. They also can have different properties in different languages. In some other languages, nouns do not change for singular and plural, and sometimes there is no word for the. Examples of nouns: time, people, way, year, government, day, world, life, work, part, number, house, system, company, end, party, information.


now

title: Now

text: Now is the time span between the past and the future. It can be long (like an eon in geologic time) or short (like a picosecond) but it is almost always used to refer to the span between the present instant to some time horizon when a decision must be made. It can be used to ask or demand that someone make a decision even if they want to delay. "I want to know what you think, now." "What do you think now?" "Now is the time for all good people to come to the aid of their country." Mathematics and measurement assume that everything used in one equation equals the same quantities at the beginning of calculation or axiomatization as at the end. That means it is mathematically correct to say that the idea of "equal" means "equal from the time the process starts to the time it ends." In General Semantics and E Prime the words equal, remain (for the past until now) and become (for now into the future) replace the verb "to be" for this reason. Algebra is now often called snapshot algebra or algebra of seeing because of this dependence on time. If any action or event were possible between steps in algebraic analysis, then, in theory, one would have to start over as if one had no knowledge of the new state at all. For these reasons the idea of statistics and also knowledge and knowledge management are sometimes questioned, for instance, in the book Lies, Damn Lies, and Statistics. A major issue is the comparing of numbers gathered in the past, and now, after some key conditions change.

isa: past


oak

title: Oak

text: The oak tree is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus. There are about 500 living species. They are divided into subgenera. The common name "oak" may also appear in the names of species in related genera, such as Lithocarpus. Oaks have spirally arranged leaves, with rounded edges in many species; some have leaves with jagged edges or entire leaves with smooth margins. Many deciduous species do not drop dead leaves until the next Spring. In Spring, a single oak tree produces both male flowers (as catkins) and small female flowers. The fruit is a nut called an acorn, carried in a cup-like structure. Each acorn has one seed (rarely two or three) and takes 6–18 months to mature, depending on species. The so-called "live oaks" are evergreen. They are not a taxonomic group, just a life style which occurs in the genus. The oak is a kind of hardwood forest tree. They are well known as a climax vegetation in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. That means, left untouched by humans, it would be the dominant tree. Much of England was covered by oak forests before modern farming took over the land. The last extensive oak woodlands were cut down to build ships for the Royal Navy in the 18th century. Some kinds of oak wood are very hard. That is why people in past centuries cut them down to make ships, furniture and other things. The wood is now scarce and expensive and only used to make a few things anymore. Much cheaper are softwoods like pine. Oak trees grow slowly and can live up to 1000 years.

isa: tree


paella

title: Paella

text: Paella is a traditional rice dish in Valencia, Spain. Paella named after the traditional pan (frying pan) used to cook the dish on an open fire. This dish consists of grain rice, green beans, peas, chicken, rabbit, lima bean. Also paella (paella de marisco) consists of seafood instead of meat. The origins of paella are complicated but are thought to have originated from Valencia, Spain by farmers. This is the most probable idea although some people believe it was inspired from Chechen origins mainly from a man called Ab Itch. not a lot is known about this man but it is believed than Valencian farmers got inspiration from one of the meals he made to then make paella.

isa: dish


parapet

title: Parapet

text: A parapet lines the edge of a wall for decorative or protective purposes. They can be on all types of walls: a low wall, the roof of a building, the sides of a bridge or the top of a defensive wall can all have a parapet.


patrician

title: Patrician

text: A patrician was a member of the upper class in the two social classes in Ancient Rome. They were rich and powerful. The other class was the plebeian class.


paw

title: Paw

text: A paw is the soft foot of a mammal that has claws or nails. A hard foot is called a hoof. Paws are used to pad feet for walking and reduce friction.

isa: foot


pawn

title: Pawn (chess)

text: The pawn ( ♙♟ ) is the weakest piece in the game of chess. They represent infantry. Each player starts the game with eight pawns, one on each square of the second row (or rank) from the view of the player. In the white pawns start on a2, b2, c2, ..., h2, while the black pawns start on a7, b7, c7, ..., h7.


permit

title: Permit

text: A permit is a written document that has been given by a government source. Permits let a person do something that he could not do without the permit. Permits are commonly gotten for these reasons: #To work at a job #To drive a car #To build something. This includes digging.

isa: document


phenol

title: Phenol

text: Phenol is the organic compound with formula C 6 H 5 OH. It is a white solid. It has an OH group (hydroxyl group) bonded to a benzene ring. It is an alcohol. Because the aromatic group attracts electrons, it is quite acidic. Phenol is produced from petroleum. It is an important molecule because it can be used to make many other products. It is also used in detergents and herbicides.

isa: compound


pike

title: Esox

text: Esox is a genus of fresh water fish. It is the only living genus in the family Esocidae. The oldest known example of an Esox is Esox tiemani. It dates to about 62 million years ago and was found in Alberta, Canada. They are commonly called pike and pickerel. They are found in the northern parts of North America, Europe and Asia. One species, Esox lucius, the Northern pike, is found in both Europe and North America. Esox are large predatory fish with a long cylindrical body. They have a green color (various shades) with yellow eyes. Pike and pickerel share a forked tail fin and a large pointed head. Their dorsal and anal fins are located far back on their bodies. All species have very sharp teeth.


plural

title: Plural

text: In linguistics, noun phrases have grammatical number. Plural is one kind of grammatical number. In English, plural noun phrases are counted as more or less than one (e.g., 32 degrees, no bananas, 0.5 liters, 1.2 grams, two times, three fish, 20 mothers). In contrast, a singular noun phrase usually refers to something that you would count as one only (e.g., one time, a glass, the sun, my mother, Jennifer). Noun phrases that cannot be counted are also singular in English (e.g., water, the meat, some space, etc.). In many languages, a suffix (word ending) is added to a word to show that the word is plural. In English, the normal plural suffix is -s (e.g., cat is singular, and cats is plural).


pole

title: Poles

text: The Polish people, or Poles ( , singular masculine: Polak, singular feminine:: Polka) are a Slavic nation native to Poland, they are bounded by the Polish language also known as the Lechitic language (notice the pre-Christian name of Poland was Lechia). Polish belongs to the groups of West Slavic of Central Europe, Poland is a Christian country, and Roman Catholic denomination is a principal and dominant. They use modified Latin alphabet. There are about 60 million Poles in the world. Besides Poland, many live in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Germany, Canada, France, the United Kingdom, Ukraine and elsewhere. The most famous Poles are Pope John Paul II, Maria Skłodowska-Curie, Nicolaus Copernicus and Lech Wałęsa. Polish surnames often end with "-ski", "-ska", "-cki" "-cka", „-wicz”, „-dzki”, „-dzika”. The most popular Polish surnames are Nowak and Kowalski.


professional

title: Professional

text: A professional is someone who has a specialised job which only very well trained people can perform, such as Doctors, lawyers, and teachers. These occupations are known as professional occupations. They may often get paid more than other people. In sport, a professional is someone who is paid to play. For example, Petra Kvitová and Tim Cahil are professional sportspeople. The word "professional" is often used as an adjective, e.g. * "He did a thoroughly professional job" (meaning: a very good one, even if he was not a professional). * "His behaviour was always professional" (meaning: he behaved in a proper way, like someone of his profession should). The opposite of "professional" in this sense is: "unprofessional". Another word that is the opposite of "professional" is "amateur". This means that someone does not get paid for the job he is doing (even if he may be doing it very well).


promenade

title: Esplanade

text: An esplanade is a long, open, level area. It is usually next to a river or large body of water for people to walk on. This allows people to promenade along the sea, usually for recreational purposes. They can ignore the state of the tide and do not have to walk on the beach. Esplanades became popular in Victorian times when it was fashionable to visit seaside resorts.


pyramid

title: Pyramid

text: A pyramid is a structure, usually made of stone, built in the shape of a pyramid. From ancient to modern times people in many different parts of the world have built such structures. The word "pyramid" comes from the Greek word pyramis which meant "wheat cake." The ancient Egyptian word for them was something like "Mer". The Great Pyramid of Giza was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The first pyramids were built in 2630 B.C. The oldest known pyramid was made for king Djoser of the third Dynasty.

isa: structure


rosewood

title: Rosewood

text: Rosewood is wood from a select number of trees of the genus Dalbergia. Note that many species in this genus are not trees, and that most of the species that are trees do not yield rosewood. The wood of Dalbergia nigra is known as "Brazilian rosewood", and also as "Bahia rosewood".It has a strong, sweet smell, which lasts for many years. Another rosewood comes from Dalbergia latifolia known as (East) Indian rosewood or sonokeling (Indonesia). It is native to India and is also grown in plantations elsewhere in Pakistan (Chiniot). Madagascar rosewood (Dalbergia maritima), known as bois de rose, is highly prized for its red colour. It is overexploited in the wild. A 2010 moratorium on trade and illegal logging is being ignored. Throughout southeast Asia Dalbergia oliveri is harvested for use in woodworking. It has a fragrant odour. Dalbergia cultrata is being used and sold as D. olvieri.


shop

title: Shop

text: A shop or store is a place where people can go to buy items that they need or want. People might go to a shop to buy food, clothes, furniture, jewelry, or many other things. There are loads of shops in the world people can buy their things from. People might also go to a repair shop if something is broken, and they want the shop to fix it. For example, someone might bring a broken bicycle to a bicycle repair shop. Shops can be anything from large supermarket chains to small businesses.

isa: place


spire

title: Spire

text: A spire is a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building, particularly a church tower. Etymologically, the word comes from the Old English word spir, meaning a sprout, shoot, or stalk of grass. Symbolically, spires have two effects. One is to show strength and power. A spire, with its spear point, gives the impression of strength. The other is to reach up toward the skies as a religious gesture. This is one reason for its association with religious buildings, and a similar reason has been given for the large pyramids in Egypt and early American civilisations. However, the tallest spires today are secular places of business or hotels, such as The Shard. As an architectural ornament, spires are most often found on Christian churches.


starboard

title: Boat positions

text: The front of a boat is called the bow, while the rear of a boat is called the stern. When looking towards the bow (while on the boat), the left-hand side of the boat is the port side. Starboard is the corresponding word for the right side of a boat.


straight

title: Straight

text: The word straight means something that goes in one direction without turns, bends, or curves. Lines can bend in a curve. If lines do not bend, they are straight. For example, the edge of a circle is not straight. The edge of a circle bends in a curve. Light bends in a curve in air and water, but travels in a straight line away from the earth or other bodies in outer space where there is no air. The word "straight" is also a slang term for "heterosexual"


tar

title: Tar

text: Tar is a sticky black liquid made of thick oil. It is a natural substance, oozing out of the ground in places like the La Brea tar pits. Usually it is made by heating coal inside a chemical apparatus. Most tar is produced from coal as a byproduct of coke production, but it can also be produced from petroleum, peat or wood. The "destructive distillation" of a ton of coal can produce 700 kg of coke, 100 litres of liquor ammonia, 50 litres of coal tar and 400 m 3 of coal gas. It used to be one of the products of gasworks. Tar made from coal or petroleum is considered toxic. It causes cancer because of its high benzene content. In low concentrations, however, tar is used as a medicine on the skin. Tar kilns are dry distillation ovens, used in Scandinavia for producing tar from wood. They were built close to the forest, from limestone or from more primitive holes in the ground. The bottom is sloped into an outlet hole, to allow the tar to come out. The wood is split to dimensions of a finger and stacked densely, and finally covered tight with dirt and moss to stop air entering. On top of this, a fire is stacked and lit. After a few hours, the tar starts to pour out, and continues to do so for a few days.

isa: liquid


tingle

title: Tingle

text: Tingle, known as Tincle is a character in The Legend of Zelda video games. He first appeared in The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask. He has his own series, starting with Freshly-Picked Tingle's Rosy Rupeeland.

isa: character


tune

title: Melody

text: A melody in music is a group of notes of various pitches (how high or low note sounds) which are played one after another. Together they make a tune in the same way that a group of words make a sentence. Some people like to sing melodies. Melodies have rhythm (the length of the notes). In music, 'melody' contrasts with 'harmony'. Harmony means notes which are played at the same time, like chords. Composers often think of a melody and then add harmony to it. Some music has more than one melody happening at the same time. When this happens throughout the whole piece, it is called polyphonic music. Rounds and fugues are types of polyphonic music. If the other melody only happens sometimes, then the second melody is called a countermelody. The adjective of melody is melodic. There is also the adjective melodious which means: 'a sweet-sounding melody'. Music that does not have an obvious melody may be hard to understand (unless it is focused on rhythm, such as a drum solo). Many melodies are easy to sing, while others are difficult to sing. Still other melodies are impossible to sing. Those melodies can still be played on musical instruments.

isa: note


unit

title: Unit

text: Unit means part of something: a ~ in an army/air force, a navy. Component, building block of constructions and molecules. It could mean a unit of measurement, ~ of currency (£$¥¤€). Units sometimes means the digit in a number on the right, which is also called the "ones". In exact sciences use is made of cgs/psi/cal and m kg s/N/J systems. The SI units in calculation and measurement prevail. Some other ideas come from this word: *Unity is what is found when parts are joined into one. *#On stage: ~ of place, time and act means unchanged setting. *#Trinity (3 in 1) in theology. *To unite is the act of joining parts together. # A football team may be called "X United". This means that the town of X has come together to support the group. # The UK, USA, UAE; UNO and its organisations. # ~d we stand, divided we fall. Workers ~ never will be defeated (lengthy piano piece). In the BBC TV series Doctor Who, UNIT is a military group on earth (UNified Intelligence Taskforce) who battle invading aliens.


winery

title: Winery

text: A winery is a place or business that makes wine. It has developed and changed for thousands of years. In wine's journey along the centuries and around the world, winery has changed, and all ends in wine production today.


woad

title: Woad

text: Woad (Isatis tinctoria) is a flowering plant that was cultivated to produce indigo dye. It is native to the Mediterranean, Central Asia, and Europe. It was historically produced in England, France, and Germany in medieval times. Eventually, the Indigo plant replaced woad as Europe's main cash crop that produces indigo dye. Woad also has medicinal properties, as an astringent. Romans referred to Celts of northern Britain as Picts because they used woad to heal their battle scars, producing a blue tattoo.

isa: plant