accession

title: Accession

text: Accession is the attainment or acquisition of a position of rank or power, typically that of monarch or president. Eg."the queen's accession to the throne". Accession day is a celebration. It is usually the anniversary of when a monarch takes office. The earliest record of accession celebrations are from the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. Accession is not the same as coronation or inauguration. Coronation and inauguration are both ceremonies which take place after the accession.


adaptation

title: Adaptation

text: Adaptation is the evolutionary process where an organism becomes better suited to its habitat. This process takes place over many generations. It is one of the basic phenomena of biology. When people speak about adaptation, they often mean a 'feature' (a trait) which helps an animal or plant survive. An example is the adaptation of horses' teeth to grinding grass. Grass is their usual food; it wears the teeth down, but horses' teeth continue to grow during life. Horses also have adapted to run fast, which helps them to escape their predators, such as lions. These features are the product of the process of adaptation. The illustration of bird beaks shows an obvious sign of their different ways of life. However, eating a different food also means having a different digestive system, gut, claws, wings and above all, different inherited behaviour. For the major adaptations, what changes is not a single trait, but a whole group of features. Adaptation occurs because the better adapted animals are the most likely to survive, and to reproduce successfully. This process is known as natural selection; it is the basic cause of evolutionary change.

isa: process


adulterant

title: Adulterant

text: An adulterant is a chemical substance that should not be present in other substances, like food, drinks or fuels. Adulterants are often added to more expensive substances to increase the visible quantity. The word is used when the addition is unwanted by the recipient of the product. Chemical substances that are added to food or drinks for a purpose are called food additives. When substances are added to (illegal) drugs, these are often called cutting agents.

isa: substance


ant

title: Ant

text: Ants are a species of insect that live together in large colonies. They are in the family Formicidae. it is an authentic animal for organisation.

isa: insect


apogee

title: Apsis

text: In astronomy, an apsis, plural apsides (IPA: / /) is the point of greatest or least distance of the elliptical orbit of an astronomical object from its center of attraction, which is generally the center of mass of the system. The point of closest approach is called the periapsis or pericentre and the point of farthest excursion is called the apoapsis (Greek από, from, which becomes απ before a vowel, and αφ before rough breathing), apocentre or apapsis (the latter term, although etymologically more correct, is much less used). A straight line drawn through the periapsis and apoapsis is the line of apsides. This is the major axis of the ellipse, the line through the longest part of the ellipse. Similar words are used to identify the body being orbited. The most common are perigee and apogee, referring to orbits around the Earth, and perihelion and aphelion, referring to orbits around the Sun (Greek ‘ήλιος hēlios sun). During the Apollo program, the terms pericynthion and apocynthion were used when referring to the moon.


bankrupt

title: Bankruptcy

text: Bankruptcy is a legal process which happens when a person or an organization does not have enough money to pay all of its debts. Legally they are insolvent. Where it is a person who cannot pay their debts, the person's creditors may ask the court to appoint a trustee in bankruptcy. This is a professional accountant who is appointed by the court, to take control of the bankrupt person's asset s. Some assets are protected by law, but the trustee in bankruptcy will sell off all of the other assets and use the money to pay as much of that person's debts as possible. After the process is complete the person is discharged from bankruptcy, and the person is free from any further liability to pay those claims, but normally that person will be limited in their ability to borrow money again because their credit rating will be damaged. Where it is an organization which cannot pay its debts, the creditors may ask the court to appoint a liquidator. The liquidator does a very similar job to the trustee in bankruptcy except that there are no assets which are protected so the liquidator can sell everything. Once all of the assets of the organisation have been sold, the organisation is then dissolved and no longer exists. Organisations do not get discharged from bankruptcy in the same way that a living person does.


bebop

title: Bebop

text: Bebop or bop is a kind of jazz that became popular near the beginning of the Second World War, in the mid-1940s. Bebop is often fast. The musicians improvise using a small group of chords which are repeated again and again. Charlie Parker (1920-1955), who was famous for his saxophone playing, was a bebop artist. The famous trumpet player Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993) was also a renowned artist of this genre. The term "bebop" originates from a group of syllables used in scat singing, where random strings of sound were used in place of words.

isa: jazz


border

title: Border

text: The border between two regions is a line, where one region is next to the other. If the regions are countries, the border can only be crossed at certain points. To cross the border, a passport or a visa might be necessary; such as the Wagah border between Pakistan and the Republic of India.

isa: line


bray

title: Bray, Berkshire

text: Bray is a village and civil parish in Windsor and Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. In 2001 there were 8,425 people living in Bray.

isa: village


brotherhood

title: The Brotherhood

text: The Brotherhood is a 1968 crime film about the mafia. It was directed by Martin Ritt. It stars Kirk Douglas, Irene Papas, Alex Cord, and Luther Adler. The film had mixed reviews, but was not successful. It was about the mafia, but there were no Italians or Italian-Americans in the film. It was the last gangster film that Paramount produced until The Godfather.


buckwheat

title: Buckwheat

text: Buckwheat (or common buckwheat) is a plant whose seeds may be used as a cereal. Buckwheat is not a true grass. It is not related to wheat, because wheat is a true grass, and buckwheat is not. Buckwheat seeds look like small beech tree seeds. Both seeds have three sides. Beech is also called buck, which is how buckwheat got its name. Instead, buckwheat is related to sorrel, knotweed, and rhubarb. Buckwheat is referred to as a pseudocereal because its seeds are used in cooking the same as cereals, because they have complex carbohydrates. The cultivation of buckwheat grain declined sharply in the 20th century with the adoption of nitrogen fertilizer which increased the productivity of other staples.

isa: plant


bus

title: Bus

text: A bus is a large wheeled vehicle meant to carry many passengers along with the bus driver. It is larger than a car or van, but smaller than the average rail transport. They are most often used for public transport, but they are also in use for charters, and some are privately owned. Although the average bus carries between 30 and 100 passengers, some buses can carry up to 300 passengers. The most common type is the single-deck rigid bus, with double-decker and articulated buses carrying more passengers, and midibuses and minibuses carrying less passengers. Coaches are used for long-distance services. Many types of buses, such as public transport buses, charge a fare. Other types, such as school buses or shuttle buses within a college or university campus, are free. In many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special large vehicle licence above and beyond a regular driving license. There are many types of bus around the world, Buses primarily replaced horse-drawn omnibuses and stagecoaches in cities during the early to mid-20th century. They offered a more flexible, lower-cost alternative to rail, allowing for flexible routing and avoiding expensive track maintenance, marking a transition from fixed-track urban transit to rubber-tired transport. Buses are an important part of public transport in places all over the world. Many people who do not have cars, especially in developing countries, use buses to get around. Buses make it easy for them to get to where they want to go. Buses have many uses, including transport inside towns or cities, transport between towns and cities, transport to schools and tourism. Some privately owned buses are used in political campaigns or to transport musicians. The name "bus" is shorthand for Latin language omnibus, "for everyone". The first omnibuses were horse-drawn coaches, and the name "omnibus" dates to 1823 in France, as a nickname for a service started by mill and spa owner Stanislas Baudry. Steam buses were used for a short time in the 1830s. The first motor-powered buses were made in 1895 in Germany, invented by Karl Benz. There are many types of bus. For example: a single decker bus or a double decker bus. A place where people wait for a local bus is called a bus stop. A building where people wait for a long-distance bus or where many buses meet is called a bus station.


carbon

title: Carbon

text: Carbon is a very important chemical element, with a chemical symbol of C. All known life on Earth needs it to survive. Carbon has atomic mass 12 and atomic number 6. It is a nonmetal, meaning that it is not a metal. When iron is alloyed with carbon, hard steel is formed. Carbon in the form of coal is an important fuel.

isa: element


catcher

title: Catcher

text: Catcher is a position in baseball. The catcher crouches behind the home plate and catches the ball thrown by the pitcher, in addition the catcher is also called upon to master many other skills in order to play the position well, The role of the catcher is similar to that of the wicket-keepe r in cricket. Positioned behind home plate and facing toward the outfield, the catcher can see the whole field, and is therefore the best position to direct a defensive play, The catcher typically calls for pitches using PitchCom, or hand signals. The calls are based on the pitcher's mechanics and strengths, as well as the batter's tendencies and weaknesses. Essentially, the catcher controls what happens during the game when the ball is not "in play". Foul tips, bouncing balls in the dirt, and contact with runners during plays at the plate are all events to be handled by the catcher, necessitating the use of protective equipment. This includes a mask, chest and throat protectors, shin guards, and a heavily padded catcher's mitt. Though rare, some chest protectors may extend lower to provide some shield to the genitalia; wearing a pelvic protector or cup, depending on the case, is preferred and more common.

isa: position


cayenne

title: Cayenne

text: Cayenne is a commune, the capital (prefecture) of the French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France that is in northern South America. The city is on a former island at the mouth of the Cayenne river on the Atlantic coast.

isa: commune


cereal

title: Cereal

text: Cereal usually refers to a type of grass that is grown to be eaten. Some, such as wheat, are mostly used to feed people. Some are fed to cattle, and lesser amounts are used for other purposes. Breakfast cereal is a common breakfast meal in the United States. It is made of grain, usually eaten with milk, and often sweetened with sugar, syrup, or fruit. The word "cereal" comes from 'Ceres', the name of the Roman goddess of harvest and agriculture. Grains are called corn in the United Kingdom and Ireland, but in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand corn means maize.


coney

title: Pika

text: A pika is a small mammal related to the hare and the rabbit (lagomorph). Pikas are also known as rock rabbits or coneys. Pikas have short limbs, a round body, an even coat of fur, round ears, and no external tail. There are 37 different species of pika. Most pikas live in colder climates, on rocky mountain slopes. Pikas need cold temperatures to live, and can die if exposed to temperatures above . They live in Asia, North America and parts of Eastern Europe. They are active during the day or twilight. Pikas do not hibernate. Because they do not hibernate, during the summer they gather food for winter. They collect hay, which they pile up to dry. They sometimes steal hay from each other. This often results in disputes. Predators, like ferrets, and large birds often use these disputes to catch pikas. Pikas are herbivores and eat many kinds of plants, such as grasses, sedges, moss, and lichens. Pikas in Eurasia often live in family groups and share duties of gathering food and keeping watch. Some species are territorial. Pikas in North America are asocial outside of breeding season. Pikachu from Pokemon is based off this animal.


confection

title: Confectionery

text: Confectionery or sweets is a type of food that has a lot of sugar in it and is very sweet. It often includes things that are rich in artificial sweeteners, flavours and colourings. The words candy (North America), sweets (UK and Ireland) and lollies (Australia and New Zealand) are also used for the many kinds of confections. Confections are usually low in nutrients but rich in calories. Sweets can come from anywhere.

isa: food


county

title: County

text: A county is a small subdivision of a country. It is a form of local government. A county is usually a group of towns or villages. It has a different meaning in different languages and in different countries. Originally the word was for the land under a count (in Great Britain an earl). Today a "county" is often something between a larger state or province and a smaller town or district. County governments keep records and organize elections and laws. They are a kind of local government.

isa: subdivision


decimal

title: Decimal

text: The decimal numeral system is the most usual way of writing numbers. It has ten as a starting point, or base. It is sometimes called the base ten or denary numeral system. The word "decimal" is also used to mean the dot (".") that is sometimes used to separate the positions of the numbers in this system. Indeed, the dot is the default decimal separator in English-speaking countries.


deformation

title: Deformation

text: In engineering mechanics, deformation is a change in shape that is result of a force that influences the object. It can be a result of tensile (pulling) forces, compressive (pushing) forces, shear, bending or torsion (twisting).

isa: change


diary

title: Diary

text: A diary is a book which a person writes about what they have seen or heard or what they have been doing. Diaries are usually handwritten. People like to keep diaries (meaning: write a diary) for a variety of reasons: they may want to keep a record for themselves about what they have done during their life. They may sometimes want to publish it so that other people can read it. Some diaries may be important for business or military purpose, in which case they may refer to it as "diarizing", which means to keep a record of an event that may have happened. Children in schools are often asked to write a diary. This helps them to write about what they have been doing and expressing their thoughts. Some people, such as Samuel Pepys, have become famous as a diarist. Pepys lived at an interesting time (he was alive at the time of the Great Fire of London). We know a lot about what London was like by reading his diary. Anne Frank wrote a diary while she was hiding from the Nazis. In modern times people write blogs on the internet. This is a modern kind of diary. The word diary can also be used for a pocket diary: a small book in which people can write down their appointments so that they can remember what they are supposed to be doing each day.

isa: book


direction

title: Direction

text: Direction is where an imaginary line is going. When something follows the line, it is moving in that direction. People show directions by pointing. The word direction is made from the root direct meaning to guide. When you ask how to get to a place, people will tell you what directions to go.


elm

title: Elm

text: Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees, found throughout the Northern Hemisphere from Siberia to Indonesia, Mexico to Japan. They have alternate, simple, single- or doubly-serrate leaves, usually asymmetric at the base and sharply pointed at the tip. Elms are hermaphroditic, having perfect flowers, and which, being wind-pollinated, are without petals. The fruit is a round samara. Elms take many decades to grow to maturity.


gall

title: Gall

text: A gall is a growth on the surface of plants and other lifeforms. They are caused by various parasites, such as fungi, bacteria, insects and mites. Plant galls are abnormal growths of plant tissues similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. What causes a plant gall can often be known without the actual agent being there. Many types of gall have typical structures. This is true of many galls produced by insects and mites. Insect galls on plants give some herbivorous insects their own microhabitat. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Galls are the habitat and food source for the maker of the gall. The gall may contain nutritious starch and other tissues. Galls often give the insect physical protection from predators. Insect galls are usually induced by chemicals injected by the larvae or the adults of the insects into the plants. After the galls are formed, the larvae develop inside until fully grown, when they leave. In order to form galls, the insects must seize the time when plant cell division occurs quickly. The growing season, spring in temperate climates, is longer in the tropics.


gluten

title: Gluten

text: Gluten /gloot-en/ is a composite of the proteins gliadin and glutenin. These proteins are found in the endosperms of some grass-like grains such as wheat, rye and barley. Gliadin and glutenin make up about 80% of the protein contained in wheat seed. As they are insoluble in water, they can be got by washing away the starch in the grain. Worldwide, gluten is an important source of food protein, both in foods prepared directly from grains with gluten in them, and as an additive to foods that are low in protein.

isa: composite


group

title: First Professional Football League

text: The First Professional Football League ( ), known in short as Parva Liga ( ), is the top-level league of men's association football in Bulgaria. The league was founded in 1924 as the Bulgarian State Football Championship, and was later known by several other names, most recently Bulgarian A Professional Football Group from 2003 to 2016. The current name was adopted for the 2016–17 season. The current champions are Ludogorets Razgred, who have won every title since first entering the top flight in the 2011–12 season. Their streak stands at 14 after the 2024–25 season.

isa: league


heather

title: Calluna

text: Calluna vulgaris (heather) is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the family Ericaceae. It is a low-growing perennial shrub growing to tall, or rarely to . It is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on acidic soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade. Heather is the dominant plant on most heaths and moorland in Europe, and in some bog vegetation and acidic pine and oak woodland. It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning. It is often managed in nature reserves and grouse moors by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning. The flowers emerge in late summer; in wild plants these are normally mauve, but white-flowered plants also occur occasionally.


ibis

title: Ibis

text: The ibises (collective plural ibis; classical plurals ibides and ibes) are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae. This family also includes the spoonbills. They all have long down curved bills, and usually feed as a group, probing mud for food items, usually crustaceans. Most species nest in trees, often with spoonbills or herons. The word ibis comes from Greek and Latin, and probably from the Ancient Egyptian. According to Josephus, Moses employed ibes against serpents during a desert campaign into Ethiopia in his early life. Pliny the Elder also recounted, "The Egyptians invoked ibes against the serpents."

isa: bird


infusion

title: Infusion

text: Infusion is the process of getting plant chemicals into a solvent such as water, oil or alcohol. The flavours from plant material get into the solvent by putting in the plant material and letting it stay there for quite a time. This is known as steeping the material. An infusion is also the name for the resulting liquid. The process of infusion is different from decoction, which is boiling the plant material, or percolation, in which the water goes through the material (as in a coffeemaker.

isa: process


item

title: Item, Nigeria

text: Item (pronounced eetem), is a place in Nigeria. It is one of the communities in Bende Local Government Area in Abia State, Nigeria. It is next to Akeze (in Ebony State) in the north, Nkporo in the east, Alayi in the west, and Abiriba and Igbere in the south.

isa: place


kayak

title: Kayak

text: A kayak is a small boat that is driven by manpower. It typically has a covered deck, and a cockpit covered by a spraydeck. It is propelled by a double-bladed paddle by a sitting paddler. The kayak was used by the native Ainu, Inuit, Aleut and Eskimo hunters in sub-Arctic regions of northeastern Asia, North America and Greenland. Modern kayaks come in a wide variety of designs and materials for specialized purposes. Kayaks typically are built for one, two or occasionally three paddlers who sit facing forward in one or more cockpits below the deck of the boat. The spray skirt or similar waterproof garment attaches securely to the edges of the cockpit, so that no water from waves or spray may enter the boat. Therefore, in most styles the boat can roll upright again without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. Kayaks differ distinctly in design and history from canoes, which are craft propelled by single-bladed paddles by a kneeling paddler, although some modern canoes may be difficult for a non-expert to distinguish from a kayak. Kayaks are often called canoes in Great Britain and Ireland.

isa: boat


knight

title: Knight

text: A knight is a person who is given an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch, church, or country. During the Middle Ages, knights were professional heavy cavalry soldiers. Knights were the best soldiers in the kingdom. They fought for lords or nobles, and got land in return. They thought honour was very important, and they had a code of honour called chivalry. A knight usually had a coat of arms, also called an armorial achievement. Although they no longer fight as elite warriors, knights still exist. Today, King Charles III names Knights of the Commonwealth Realms.

isa: person


labium

title: Labium

text: Labium (plural labia) is a Latin-derived term meaning "Lip". Labium and its derivatives (including labia, labial, labrum and labellum) are used to describe any lip-like structure, but in the English language, labium often specifically refers to parts of the vulva. A variant of the word, labellum (plural: labella), is used by people studying entomology and botany.


lag

title: Lag

text: Lag is a word that means to fail in keeping pace or to fall behind. This term is used a lot by people who are talking about video games that have a delay between when a player presses a button on a controller and something happening in the game. This happens more often during online gaming when the access point a player is using is far away or when other players are using slower connections, such as dial-up. The slowing down of a website when more people get onto that website can also be called lag.


map

title: Map

text: A map is an image of the Earth or part of the Earth. A map is different from an aerial photograph because it includes interpretation. Many maps are called "charts" such as star charts and nautical charts. Some maps are of distant worlds. Before the late 20th century almost all maps were on paper. Today, many maps are digital, and can be seen on smartphones and computers. However, physical items such as paper maps, charts, or drawings are still used. The word "map" can also be used to talk about or show relationships between ideas, people, events, data, and many other subjects. This is why web developers call a list of web pages on a web site a site map. Many maps today are made using GIS computer systems. These are database systems that are organized by location instead of named records. People who make maps are cartographers. If a map is on a piece of paper or a computer screen, it has to be projected. This is because the Earth is round and paper and screens are flat. There are a lot of ways that use mathematics to make map projections. The only kind of map of the Earth that is not projected is one drawn on a sphere. This is called a globe.

isa: image


mass

title: Mass

text: The mass of an object is a measure of how much of it there is. For example, A mountain has more mass than a rock. Mass is different from weight. Weight is the product of mass times gravitational acceleration. You can measure the mass of an object by using a force on it. The more mass it has, the less it will change how fast it moves. This is called inertial mass because it measures the inertia. An object with a lot of mass, like a planet attracts objects with less mass and keeps them from floating away from the planet. This is called gravity. a When measuring the force of gravity on an object, you can find the object’s gravitational mass. Tests of inertial and gravitational mass show that they are the same or almost the same.

isa: measure


mihrab

title: Mihrab

text: The Mihrab ( ) is a niche in the wall of a mosque. It indicates the qibla (the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca, the direction that Muslims should face when praying). The wall in which a mihrab appears is the "qibla wall."

isa: niche


music

title: Music

text: Music is a form of art that uses sound organised in time. Music is also a form of entertainment that puts sounds together in a way that people like, find interesting or dance to. Most music includes people singing with their voices or playing musical instruments, such as the piano, guitar, drums or bass.

isa: art


muskmelon

title: Muskmelon

text: Muskmelons (Cucumis melo) are a type of melon. Cantaloupes are a popular type of muskmelon, but there are other types like the Honeydew Melon. They come from Persia (Iran) and nearby countries. They were transported west to Europe near the time of Christ's birth. The name Cantaloupe comes from the Italian town they were cultivated in: Cantalupo nel Sannio The name of the muskmelon comes from the words "musk," which means "perfume" in Persian and "melon," which is French and comes from a Latin word melonem (melo in the accusative form - direct object function in a sentence) that means "fruit of a cucurbit."

isa: melon


natural

title: Natural number

text: The naturals (also called counting numbers or the whole numbers), are the numbers used for counting things. Natural numbers are the numbers small children learn about when they first start to count. Natural numbers are always whole numbers (integers) and exclude zero, so one is the smallest natural number. The set of natural numbers can be represented by the symbol \mathbb N . There is no largest natural number. The next natural number can be found by adding 1 to the current natural number, producing numbers that go on "forever". There is no natural number that is infinite in size. Any natural number can be reached by adding 1 enough times to the smallest natural number.


orb

title: Sphere

text: A sphere is a round, three-dimensional shape. All points on the edge of the sphere are at the same distance from the center. The distance from the center is called the radius of the sphere. A real-world sphere is called a globe if it is large (such as the Earth), and as a ball if it is small, like an association football. Common things that have the shape of a sphere are basketballs, superballs, and playground balls. The Earth and the Sun are nearly spherical, meaning sphere-shaped. A sphere is the three-dimensional analog of a circle.


petition

title: Petition

text: A petition is a request to change some thing. They are often made to a government official or public entity. Petitions to a deity are a form of prayer. To make a petition is one of civil rights called right to petition.

isa: request


picnic

title: Picnic

text: A picnic is an event to eat outdoors, have a break, enjoy the warm sunshine, and have fun in a free time. It is usually held in a park or other open places. People bring the food for picnics in lunch boxes or in picnic baskets. Food for picnics is prepared on location such as by grilling, or at home. After the meal, people often play games and sports, for example, playing catch, badminton and Frisbee. As at other parties, some like to create their own original foods and games. A lakeside, park or other places with interesting view is perfect for a picnic. In picnic, we often get the freshness of the nature.

isa: event


pill

title: Combined oral contraceptive pill

text: The combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) is a contraceptive for women. It is often called the birth control pill or simply "the pill." Birth control pills contain hormones that affect the hormones of the woman that takes them and makes pregnancy not possible (temporarily) for around 24 hours . The pill puts a pause on the ovarian cycle so that an egg (called an ovum) is not released. It also makes the lining of the uterus thicker. Birth control makes the women who take them unable to get pregnant. Women who take the pill will not become pregnant during sexual intercourse. When a woman stops taking the pills, she will become fertile again . When taken as prescribed, the pills are one of the safest methods of contraception as is over 99% effective. Another type of contraception to prevent pregnancy is the condom for men. There is a female condom for women who do not want to or can not take birth control. In the 1950s, scientists (such as Carl Djerassi, George Rosenkranz and Alejandro Zaffaroni) realized that the hormone progesterone stopped women from making eggs (stopped ovulation). After this discovery, the combined oral contraceptive pill was created. The combined oral contraceptive pill has two female hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Some oral contraceptive pills have only progesterone. These are often called the "minipill". The combined oral contraceptive pill is thought to be safe and usually works well.


sanatorium

title: Sanatorium

text: A sanatorium (also spelled sanitarium or sanitorium) is a medical facility for long-term illness. They were most often used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century before the discovery of antibiotics. Sometimes, the word is used to describe different things. For example, in eastern Europe, a "sanatorium" is a type of health resort such as the Battle Creek Sanitarium. Also, a "sanitorium" is a hospital.

isa: facility


school

title: School

text: A school is an educational learning institution designed to provide classes and learning environment to teach students, usually with help of a teacher or professor. Some senior secondary schools can also be considered as a college. Almost all countries and states have systems of formal education, which is sometimes compulsory or legally required. There are various types of schools or learning programs. Topics such as reading, writing, and mathematics are central to education for children. Most of a student's time is spent in a classroom. This is where 10 to 30 people sit to take part in educational discussion. In the United States, the average number of students per classroom in primary schools is 23.1. The term "school" is used for many educational environments particularly in North America. In North America, a person taking a first degree at a university is often self-described as "going to school". In Europe that would never be the case. They would describe themselves as "going to university". The style of university education can be so different between countries. There are different types of schools: elementary schools (primary in the UK), middle schools (secondary in the UK), and so on. In many places around the world, children must go to school for a certain number of years. Learning may take place in the classroom, in outside environments, or on visits to other places. Colleges and universities are places to learn for students over 17 or 18 years of age. Vocational schools teach skills people need for jobs. Some people attend school longer than others. This is because some jobs require more training than others, like for example becoming a doctor takes about 10-14 years of education. For young children, one teacher may teach all subjects. Teachers for older students are more specialized, and they only teach a few subjects. Common subjects taught include science, arts such as music, humanities, like geography and history, and languages. Children with mental health problems, and problems such as autism and other conditions, usually do not go to regular schools. These children are given other ways to get schooling, like special schools. There also are special schools which teach things which regular schools do not. Graduate schools are in universities. They are for students who have graduated with a first degree from colleges and universities. The aim is to offer Masters and PhD courses to the best students.


sclera

title: Sclera

text: The sclera is the white part of the eye. Unlike most animals' eyes, the human eye's sclera is pale. This makes it easier for us to see where other people are looking. For most mammals, the sclera is the same color as the iris.

isa: eye


signature

title: Signature

text: A signiture is a special way that people write their name to let others know that they understand or approve of something that was written. A signature is often used to sign a contract, a cheque, a petition or a treaty. When it comes to signature's there are many ways to write a signature, and signatures may look different depending on your location. In the United States, many people have a signature which is made from writing their name in their own handwriting, often in cursive. Some signatures may be written in a different style than normal writing, which may make it difficult to read. Some people practice autographs, or fancy signatures that are hard to copy. Hundreds of years ago some people used sealing wax to make a copy of their signet rings next to or instead of a signature. This was called their "seal. This is where the term "seal of approval" comes from. Some formal documents still use an official wax seal, such as a coat of arms.


spit

title: Spit (landform)

text: A spit is a stretch of land or sand which projects out to sea. It is joined to the mainland at one end. Spits are created by deposition of sand. Spits are formed where the prevailing wind blows at an angle to the coastline. The sand on the beach is moved by the waves along the shore, which is called 'longshore drift'. The sand collects at the end to form a spit. An example of a spit is Spurn Head, along the Holderness coast in Humberside near Hull.

isa: stretch


stream

title: Stream

text: A stream is a natural flow of water moving across land between banks. It is smaller than a river. The primary meaning of stream is a body of water, confined within a bed and banks, and detectably flowing. Synonym s or related words include river, creek, tributary, run, branch, brook, bourne, wash, and fork. Navigable streams are sometimes called waterways, though the term may apply to any size of permanent and natural water feature except oceans. In the United States, an intermittent stream that only flows for part of the year is marked on topographic maps with a line of blue dashes and dots. In desert areas of the American Southwest, this also includes washes, which only flow after thunderstorms or other significant rains. A blue-line stream is one which flows for most or all of the year and is marked on topographic maps with a solid blue line. In Australia, an intermittent stream is usually called a creek, and marked on topographic maps with a solid blue line. Streams that form only during and immediately after precipitation are called ephemeral streams. Streams in geographic terms are awarded order designations. A stream of the first order is a blue-line stream which does not have any other blue-line stream feeding into it. A stream of the second order is one which is formed by the joining of two or more blue-line streams. A third-order stream is one below the confluence of two or more second-order streams; a fourth-order stream is formed by the confluence of at least two third-order streams, and so forth. Typically, streams are said to have a particular profile, beginning with steep gradients, no flood plain, and little shifting of channels, eventually evolving into streams with low gradients, wide flood plains, and extensive meanders. The initial stage is sometimes termed a "young" stream, and the later state a "mature" or "old" stream. However, a stream may meander for some distance before falling into a "young" stream condition. The gradient of a stream is a critical factor in determining its character, and is entirely determined by its base level of erosion. The base level of erosion is the point at which the stream either enters the ocean, a lake or pond, or enters a stretch in which it has a much lower gradient. It may be applied to any particular stretch of a stream. In geologic terms, the stream will erode down through its bed to achieve the base level of erosion throughout its course.

isa: flow


surd

title: Nth root

text: An n-th root of a number r is a number which, if n copies are multiplied together, makes r. It is also called a radical or a radical expression. It is a number k for which the following equation is true: : k^n=r (for the meaning of k^n , see Exponentiation.) We write the nth root of r as \sqrt[n]{r} . If n is 2, then the radical expression is a square root. If it is 3, it is a cube root. Other values of n are referred to using ordinal numbers, such as fourth root and tenth root. For example, \sqrt[3]{8} = 2 because 2^3 = 8 . The 8 in that example is called the radicand, the 3 is called the index, and the check-shaped part is called the radical symbol or radical sign. Roots and powers can be changed as shown in \sqrt[b]{x^a} = x^\frac{a}{b} = (\sqrt[b]{x})^a = (x^a)^\frac{1}{b} . The product property of a radical expression is the statement that \sqrt{ab} = \sqrt{a} \times \sqrt{b} . The quotient property of a radical expression is the statement \sqrt{\tfrac{a}{b}} = \tfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}} . b != 0.


syntax

title: Syntax

text: In linguistics, syntax is the study of the rules that govern the structure of sentences. The term syntax can also be used to refer to these rules themselves, as in “the syntax of a language”. Modern research in syntax attempts to describe languages in terms of such rules, and, for many practitioners, to find general rules that apply to all languages. Here are some important points about syntax: * Word Order: Different languages have different rules about the order in which words must appear in a sentence. For example, English generally follows a subject-verb-object (SVO) order in declarative sentences ("She eats apples"). * Phrase Structure: Sentences are typically made up of phrases, which are groups of words that function as a unit within a sentence. Common types of phrases include noun phrases (NP), verb phrases (VP), prepositional phrases (PP), etc. * Grammatical Relations: Syntax deals with how different parts of a sentence relate to each other grammatically. This includes subjects and objects of verbs, modifiers of nouns, and other syntactic roles. * Sentence Types: Syntax also covers the formation of different types of sentences (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory) and how they are structured differently. * Syntactic Ambiguity: Sometimes, sentences can be ambiguous because they can be parsed or interpreted in more than one way syntactically. For example, "I saw the man with the telescope" could mean "I used a telescope to see the man" or "I saw a man who had a telescope." * Syntax and Meaning: Syntax is closely related to semantics (the study of meaning). The arrangement of words in a sentence can affect the meaning and interpretation of that sentence.

isa: study


tablet

title: Tablet computer

text: A tablet computer (sometimes called a tablet) is a type of computer that can be carried easily. Unlike a laptop it has no physical keyboard or trackpad, though users sometimes add those things. Users control a tablet mostly by using its touchscreen with multi-touch technology similar to a smartphone. The screen can be anywhere from (sometimes called a phablet) to in size, but many have a screen size of about diagonal. Almost all tablet computers can access the Internet using Wi-Fi, and many can use mobile phone networks like 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. Like smartphones, many tablets have sensors such as a camera and a microphone. Other features tablets have are high definition, anti-glare (with less reflection) displays, a Bluetooth radio (to connect to printers and other devices), flash memory, and cloud storage services to back up information on the tablet and synchronize data. Science fiction started putting tablets in stories after the middle 20th century. Some companies started making real tablets late in the century. The release of the Apple iPad in 2010 got much attention, and other companies made and sold more.


tarsal

title: Tarsals

text: Tarsals are bones found in the feet. They are also known as ankle bones. There are seven of them in each foot. The seven tarsals are: * Medial cuneiform * Intermediate cuneiform * Lateral cuneiform * Navicular * Talus * Calcaneus * Cuboid

isa: bone


taxonomy

title: Taxonomy

text: Taxonomy is a branch of biology. It is about the scientific law s and principles of classifying living things. From one type of taxonomy, many classifications might be produced.

isa: branch


teacup

title: Teacup

text: A teacup is a porcelain cup that is used to hold liquid for drinking. It is usually used for drinking tea. It is also used for drinking coffee or some other hot drink. A teacup has a handle on the side that stays cool when the rest of the cup is too hot to hold. It also has its own small plate to sit on, called a saucer. These can be made from ceramic, clay, glass or even plastic. Usually, teacups are ceramic (made of porcelain) because it is safer. Teacups can also be made for decoration. If they are made for decoration, their owners might keep them on display and not actually use them. Teacups are often decorated with patterns or pictures. Those painted by hand can be expensive. Some people collect decorated teacups as a hobby.

isa: cup


venom

title: Venom

text: Venom is a kind of poison used by animals. It is made in an animal's body. It is injected into the body of another animal by a bite or sting. Animals that use venom include some kinds of insects, fish, reptiles, and even mammals. Some animals use venom to kill another animal that they are going to eat. One animal that does that is the rattlesnake. Some animals use venom to protect themselves. Some animals that do that are bees, ants and stingray s. Some animals use venom for both of these things.

isa: poison


watch

title: Watch

text: A watch is a small clock carried or worn by a person. It makes it easy to see the time. It is also considered to be a fashion accessory, and expensive watches are designed for this purpose. A watch may be one of the few accessories worn by a person. A wristwatch is designed to be worn on a wrist, attached by a strap or other type of bracelet. A pocket watch is to be carried in a pocket. There are other variations. Nurses often wear a watch attached to the front of their uniform. It hangs down from a short strap: when lifted by the user, it is right side up. A wristwatch has the advantage of being portable in comparison to traditional watches. Watches evolved in the 17th century from spring-powered clocks, which appeared as early as the 14th century. In 1524, Peter Henlein created the first pocket watch. The first watches were strictly mechanical, driven by clockwork. As technology developed, mechanical watches were largely replaced by vibrating quartz crystals, producing accurately timed electronic pulses. Some watches use radio technology to correct the time and date. The first digital electronic watch was developed in 1970 and the world's first radio-controlled wristwatch with hands was manufactured 1991 by the German watchmaker Junghans. Electronic movements, also known as quartz movements, have few or no moving parts, except a quartz crystal which is made to vibrate by the piezoelectric effect. A varying electric voltage is applied to the crystal, which responds by changing its shape so it works as an oscillator. It resonates at a stable frequency, which paces a timekeeping mechanism. Most quartz movements are primarily electronic but are geared to drive mechanical hands on the face of the watch to give a traditional analog display of the time. Some watches are smartwatches, mobile devices similar to smartphones but smaller.


writing

title: Writing

text: Writing is the art/act of recording language on a visual medium using a set of symbols. The symbols must be known to others, so that the text may be read. A text may also use other visual systems, such as illustrations and decorations. These are not called writing, but may help the message work. Usually, all educated people in a country use the same writing system to record the same language. To be able to read and write is to be literate. Writing differs from speech because the readers need not be present at the time. We can read writing from long ago, and from different parts of the world. Text stores and communicates knowledge. Writing is one of the greatest inventions of the human species. It was invented after people settled in towns, and after agriculture started. Writing dates from about 3,300 BC , which is over 5000 years ago, in the Middle East. Writing today is usually on paper, though there are ways to print on almost any surface. Television and movie screens can also display writing, and so can computer screens. Many writing materials were invented, long before paper. Clay, papyrus, wood, slate and parchment (prepared animal skins) have all been used. The Romans wrote on waxed tablets with a pointed stylus; this was popular for temporary notes and messages. The later invention of paper by the Chinese was a big step forward. Writing is traditionally done using a hand tool such as a pencil, a pen, or a brush. More and more, however, text is created by input on a computer keyboard.


zodiac

title: Zodiac

text: The Zodiac is the twelve constellations in the form of animals, humans or objects.