additive

title: Additive

text: In chemistry, an additive is a substance that is added to a mixture or compound to change the properties of that mixture or compound. Food additives are used to improve food. Additive properties depend on the total contribution of the atoms in the molecule or on the sum of the properties of the components in a solution (molecular weight, mass of a solution).

isa: substance


albino

title: Albinism

text: Albinism is a condition some people, animals, and plants are born with. This condition is caused by a lack of pigment melanin (colour) in their hair, eyes, and skin. A person or animal with albinism is called an albino. Many albino people prefer to be called a "person with albinism". There are ten different types of albinism. People with albinism can have white or light blonde hair. They can have very pale skin. Their eyes are blue, or rarely pink-ish. People with albinism can have problems such as bad vision, increased sweat and getting sunburnt easily. This is because people with albinism have less pigments in their eyes, skin and hair. Albinism is rare in the United States. One out of every 20,000 people in the United States has albinism. There are about 15,945 people in the United States who have albinism. Vision problems in albinism include nystagmus (irregular fast movements of the eyes), strabismus (where the eyes fail to balance) and refractory errors (like being near-sighted or far-sighted). In most environments, Albino animals are more easily seen and so may be attacked by predators. They lack the camouflage that the non-albino members of their species have. Also, where colour is a factor in mate selection, they may be at a disadvantage there, too.

isa: person


anaesthetic

title: Anesthetic

text: An anaesthetic (anesthetic) is a substance that either stops pain, or causes the user to sleep. There are two types: general anaesthesia causes a reversible loss of consciousness. Local anaesthetic cause a loss of sensitivity (and pain) on a local area. Anaesthetics can be rubbed onto the skin, given by injection ("shot"), or given as a gas to breathe. Anaesthesia blocks pain during operations. This lets patients undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and pain they would normally feel. It comes from the Greek roots an-, "without" and aesthetos, "perceptible, able to feel". The most famous anaesthetic, ether, may have been made as early as the 8th century, but it took many centuries for its anaesthetic importance to be appreciated. The history of modern anaesthetic began with Joseph Lister. Before it, people sometimes used cocaine, alcohol, and other drugs to get the same effects. Modern anaesthesia is complex, with a combination of anesthesia, analgesia and muscle relaxation. These three are known as the "triad of anesthesia".


ananas

title: Pineapple

text: The pineapple is a fruit. It is native to South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The word "pineapple" came from European explorers, who thought the fruit looked similar to a pine cone. The pineapple is a tropical plant and it must not be kept under 10 degrees. It takes a long time for the pineapple to grow. It mainly depends on the location and the growing conditions it gets. If the temperature is warm, the pineapple will grow faster. On average, it takes about two to three years to grow. If the fruit travels by boat, the fruit must be picked before ripening, since the trip takes a long time. Sometimes, pineapple has to travel by boat to be accessible to all. It is different for air travel. The pineapple can be picked when it is grown, since travel time is short. In most countries, pineapples are called ananas.

isa: fruit


antecedent

title: Antecedent

text: In grammar, an antecedent is a word or phrase that is repeated by another word or phrase. An antecedent is most often used with relative pronouns, words like "what", "that", and "who". The pronoun usually begins the relative clause and the antecedent is in the main clause.


aubergine

title: Aubergine

text: The aubergine (also called eggplant or brinjal) is a plant. It is actually a fruit, but it is used like a vegetable. The plant is in the nightshade family of plants. It is related to the potato and tomato. Originally, it comes from India and Sri Lanka. The Latin/French term aubergine comes from the historical city of Vergina (Βεργίνα) in Greece. The aubergine eggplant is estimated to have been brought to Greece around 325 BC after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. Discovering this new vegetable during his conquest, Alexander the Great wanted to bring it back to his country on his return. After his death, members of his army brought aubergine seeds with them to Greece and specifically to the city of Vergina (Βεργίνα). The Latin/French term aubergine (au·ber·gine) (\ˈō-bər-ˌzhēn\) is estimated around 1505 AD and is coined to Franco-Catalan gastronomist Sergius Rosario Silvestri, co-traveller and close friend to Amerigo Vespucci. Upon arrival to the historical site of Vergina (Βεργινα) and wanting to try the local delicacies, Silvestri came across the plant of aubergine. Not knowing its name, he referred to it as aubergine (au Bergine or au Vergine) which in French means at Vergina or found at Vergina. There is a famous Turkish eggplant dish called Imam Bayildi (meaning the Imam fainted) and specifically originating in the Ottoman Empire. Image:Eggplant flower.JPG Image:Solanum melongena ja02.jpg Image:Aubergine.jpg

isa: plant


beggar

title: Begging

text: Begging means asking people for money, food, shelter or other things, when one is not able to give anything instead. It is also referred to as sponging, spanging (short for "spare-changing") or (in American English) panhandling. In larger cities, it is common to see beggars who ask for money, food, or other items. Typically, beggars often beg for spare change using coffee cups, mugs, small boxes, hats, or other items into which monies can be placed and sometimes display signs with messages such as "Help me. I'm homeless."


blowup

title: Blowup

text: Blowup is a 1966 British drama movie set in London. It was nominated for two Academy Award and won a Grand Prix award. It is directed by Italian movie director Michelangelo Antonioni and written by Antonioni, Toni Guerra and Edward Bond. It starred David Hemmings and Vanessa Redgrave. Carlo Ponti produced the movie. This was Antonioni's first English language movie.


cane

title: Cane

text: A cane is a stick from a piece of wood, or sometimes of metal. It is used by someone to help support themself when they are walking. A person might need a cane because of their age, or weight, or for another reason.

isa: stick


cat

title: Cat

text: Cats, also called domestic cats (Felis catus), are small, carnivorous (meat eating) mammals, of the family Felidae. Cats have been domesticated (tamed) for nearly 10,000 years. Some of the most popular breeds of this mammal include the Siamese, Japanese Bobtail, Abysinnian, Cornish Rex, American Shorthair, Ragdoll, Aegean cat, Russian Blue, Persian, Manx, Burmese, Sphynx, and British Shorthair Tabby.


century

title: Century

text: A century is a way to describe a length of time. One century is one hundred years. The ancient Romans used the word centuria to describe a group of about one hundred soldiers, organized into a single unit. The Roman numeral for 100 is "C". The word for 100 in Latin is "centum". A centenary is a celebration of something that happened 100 years ago. A bicentenary celebrates 200 years, a tercentenary 300 years. A centenarian is someone who is 100 years old or more. Centennial means something that happens every 100 years, or that lasts 100 years.


constant

title: Constant

text: A constant is something that does not change. Constants (numbers) are used in maths and computer programming.


despair

title: Depression (mood)

text: Depression is a state of bad mood and not wanting to do anything.

isa: state


detritus

title: Detritus

text: In biology, detritus is non-living particules of organic origin. Typically, it includes the bodies or fragments of dead organisms as well as faecal material. Detritus is typically colonized by communities of fungi and microorganisms which act to decompose (break down) the material. In terrestrial ecosystems, leaf litter and other organic matter gets mixed with soil. The result is called humus. Detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic material suspended in water, which is sometimes referred to as marine snow. Marine snow is the basis of much life on the ocean floor. It is the food of animals which operate as 'filter-feeders'.


dome

title: Dome

text: A dome is a building or roof that usually looks like the upper half of a sphere. As a roof feature, domes make many religious and government buildings stand out, because if someone is speaking to others inside or under a dome, the voice sounds louder. Also a dome makes it easier to identify an important building, for example a temple or a palace. A large stadium with a roof over the playing field is often called a "dome". One example of that usage is the Metrodome. File:Petersdom von Engelsburg gesehen.jpg|St. Peter's basilica in Vatican City, with a dome, seen from outside. File:Wnetrze kopuly watykan.jpg|The same dome, seen from inside File:Fatima Masuma Qum Dome.jpg|Golden dome above the mausoleum of Fatima Masumah in Qom File:Onion domes of Cathedral of the Annunciation.JPG|Gilded onion domes of the Cathedral of the Annunciation, Moscow Kremlin File:California-dome-house.jpg|Fiberglass dome cottage in Davis, California. This dome was built in 1972 and is part of the Baggin's End student housing cooperative. File:US Capitol dome Jan 2006.jpg|The dome of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.

isa: building


duet

title: Duet

text: A duet is a musical composition for two performers, most often used for a vocal or piano duet. For other instruments, the word duo is often used. The word duet is used in any of the following ways: *a pair of musicians playing the same musical instrument, *a pair of musicians playing different instruments, *the performance of a song by two people, *a piece of music that can be performed by two people, *as a general term for any activity done by two people.

isa: composition


earldom

title: Earl

text: An Earl (or Jarl) was a title for nobility used by Anglo-Saxons and Scandinavians. It originally meant "chieftain" and it referred especially to chieftains set to rule a territory in a king's stead. In Scandinavia, it stopped being used in the Middle Ages, whereas, in Britain, it became synonymous with the continental count. In Anglo-Saxon times the title was similar to that of Ealdorman. Today, an earl is a member of the British peerage, and is below a Marquess, but above a Viscount. A British Earl is the same as a continental Count. Since there is no feminine form of Earl, the wife of an Earl has the rank of Countess (the continental equivalent).


emperor

title: Emperor

text: An emperor (female equivalent: empress) is a male who rules an empire. The word is taken from the Latin language Imperator. Often it is capitalized. A woman who comes to power in an empire is called an empress. The wife of an emperor is also called an empress. An emperor or empress is often a hereditary monarch and comes to power when one of his parents, or relatives, dies. In some countries, people elected a new emperor from candidates. The only emperor in the world today is the Emperor of Japan (tennō), but he lacks political power. The true leaders of Japan are the Diet and Prime Minister because the country is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The English word comes from Latin, the language of the old Roman Empire. At first, an imperator was a powerful general (army leader) but, after Augustus, it was only used by their most powerful rulers. There have been many countries in history whose leaders are called "emperors" in English. The leaders of the Byzantine Empire (basileus, Autokrator) in Greece, the Holy Roman Empire (imperator, Kaiser) in Austria and Germany, Russian Empire, Serbia , and Bulgaria (tsar), and the Ottoman Empire (sultan, padishah, khagan, kaysar) in Turkey all said they were just new parts of the old Roman Empire. The leaders of other countries who said they ruled the whole world or called themselves "King of Kings" are frequently also called emperors in English. For example, the old rulers of China (Huangdi), Iran (Shah), and Ethiopia (Negusa negast) are all known as emperors in English. There have also been emperors of France, Brazil , and Mexico, and the rulers of the United Kingdom called themselves the Emperors and empresses of India for a while.


excretion

title: Excretion

text: Excretion is one of the most basic functions of life. It is the process of eliminating waste products of metabolism and other non-useful materials. It is an essential process in all forms of life. It contrasts with secretion, where the substance may have specific tasks after leaving the cell. In single-celled organisms, waste products are discharged directly through the surface of the cell. Multicellular organisms use more complex methods. Higher plants eliminate gasses through the stomata on the surface of leaves. Animals have special excretory organs.

isa: function


funk

title: Funk

text: Funk is a music genre from the United States that was developed in the 1960s by African American musicians and singers such as James Brown, Sly and the Family Stone, George Clinton and The Meters. Funk music emphasizes the rhythm of the music. Funk music is dance music that mixes rhythm and blues music with soul music. Funk bands use many rhythm instruments, such as electric guitar, bass guitar, drums, and keyboard instruments, mainly synthesizers and electronic organs. Funk bands also have people who play horns, including saxophones, trumpets, and trombones.

isa: genre


gill

title: Gill

text: Gills are what fish, amphibians, and some other animals use to breathe in water. They have feathery parts which cause water to move across the animal's body, which contains dissolved oxygen, after the animal has swallowed the water. The oxygen is absorbed into the animal's blood, causing carbon dioxide to move out of the animal's blood and into the water through the gills. Fish and frog gills are hidden on the sides of their heads. Sharks have many gills slits on their necks. Baby salamanders have gills that stick out like leaves from their heads. In mushrooms, gills are the spore-bearing structure in agarics (gilled mushrooms) while fish and some young amphibians use them to get oxygen others breath. Some insects that live in water have a plastron, which is a kind of gill. It is a patch of special hairs that keeps the water away from the insect's spiracles. This allows them to continue to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide while they are under water.


goldeneye

title: GoldenEye

text: GoldenEye is a 1995 action spy movie. Starring in this are Pierce Brosnan as James Bond and Judi Dench she plays M. GoldenEye was the seventeenth spy feature in the James Bond series. This was also the first one after a six-year break, which was the result of legal disputes. It was released in November 1995. GoldenEye made over $356.4 million worldwide. According to critics, Brosnan acted the role of James Bond much better than his predecessor Timothy Dalton. Tina Turner sings the title song of the movie.


kick

title: Kick

text: In hand-to-hand combat, in martial arts and sports, a kick is a blow with the foot, the knee or the leg. It is used in combat as an attack. Generally, the kicks are slower than the punches although stronger than the blows with hands. The kicks are a fundamental part in many martial arts. The examples are: wushu, karate, kickboxing, tangsudo or taekwondo; whereas other arts do not use any kick, as it is in the case of judo or of boxing. Other martial arts can use kicks, although they limit them to attacks to the legs and to the lower parts of the body of the opponent. There exists a great number of kicks, and a lot of them have typical names for each one. Frequently the same movement has different names in different martial arts. This is obvious especially when comparisons are done between western arts and oriental arts.

isa: blow


know

title: Knowledge

text: Knowledge is the collection of facts, skills, and understanding that people gain through learning, experience, thinking, or discovery. It can come from things we are taught, things we figure out ourselves, or things we observe in the world. Some knowledge is easy to explain, like facts in textbooks or math formulas, this is called explicit knowledge. Other knowledge is harder to put into words, like how to ride a bike or perform surgery, this is called tacit knowledge. It lives in our actions, habits, and personal experiences. In philosophy, knowledge has often been defined as “justified true belief.” This means that for someone to know something, they must believe it, have good reasons for believing it, and it must actually be true. However, some problems, like the “Gettier cases”, show that this definition might not always work. These cases suggest someone can have a belief that is true and has reasons behind it, but still not really have knowledge. Because of this, other ideas like reliabilism (trusting reliable ways of knowing) and virtue epistemology (focusing on intellectual character) were developed to better explain what knowledge really is. There are different kinds of knowledge. Propositional knowledge is “knowing that” something is true, like knowing that water boils at 100°C. Procedural knowledge is “knowing how” to do something, like solving a puzzle or coding. Experiential knowledge is “knowing by experience,” like recognizing a friend’s voice or knowing how a certain food tastes. Each of these kinds uses different parts of the brain and different types of thinking. The study of knowledge is called epistemology. It looks at questions like “Where does knowledge come from?” and “What can we really know?” Different thinkers have different ideas. Empiricists believe knowledge comes from what we see, hear, and touch. Rationalists believe we are born with some ideas and use reason to gain knowledge. Constructivists think we build knowledge ourselves through experience, culture, and learning from others. Knowledge grows and improves through careful research methods like the scientific method. This includes testing ideas, sharing results with other scientists (peer review), and checking if experiments can be repeated. These steps help make sure knowledge is reliable. But in areas like art or ethics, people may have different opinions or values, so knowledge can be more personal or open to interpretation.

isa: collection


limb

title: Limb

text: A limb is a part of the body of a living creature, which extends from its trunk. Examples are the branches of a tree, and the legs of a man. In normal human body, there are four limbs: two upper limbs (arms) and two lower limbs (legs). Each limb has several joints.


lymph

title: Lymphatic system

text: The lymphatic system is a network of thin vessels that branch, like blood vessels, into tissues throughout the body, in mammals. It is part of the immune system. It is a one-way system which carries cells and fluid back to the blood system. Lymphatic vessels carry lymph, a colorless, watery fluid, and white blood cells. It comes from interstitial fluid in the tissues which is squeezed out of the blood vessels. The lymphatic system transports infection-fighting cells called lymphocytes, and is involved in the removal of foreign matter and cell debris by phagocytes. A second function is to transport fats from the small intestine to the blood. Lymphatic fluid gathers from the tissues and enters the valved lymphatic ducts. These valves make sure the lymph flows the right way. On its way back to the blood system, the lymph passes through glands called lymph nodes, in places like the back of the neck, the armpits and the groin. Lymph nodes swell in the region of an infected body part. This acts to keep the infection from spreading. It prevents or reduces the pathogens getting into the general blood circulation and reaching other parts of the body. Lymph ends up back in the blood system. In mammals under normal conditions, most of the lymph is returned to the blood stream via veins through lymph-vein communications at the base of the neck. Some vertebrates have more complex lymphatic systems. Amphibian s for example have multiple "lymph hearts" to control the flow of lymph.

isa: network


macadam

title: Macadam

text: Macadam is a type of road making. It was invented by the Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam, about 1820. He put crushed stone in shallow, convex layers and compacted thoroughly (squashed it down). Sometimes a layer of stone dust was covered with a cement or bitumin. This keeps the dust and stones together. Macadam's ideas were built on the ideas of some earlier road engineers, like Trésaguet and Thomas Telford. The Romans had not used a binding substance like bitumen. Their roads were nevertheless quite long-lasting.

isa: making


midget

title: Midget

text: A midget is a word that is used to describe people who are quite short. A midget is not somebody with dwarfism; a midget is a person that has the same proportions of body parts as an averaged-sized human being. The word midget can also sometimes be used as an insult. Sometimes, the word is used for people a foot below the normal height of a person. [[wikipedia:Citing sources|[source?]]]


monkfish

title: Monkfish

text: The monkfish (Lophius piscatorius), also known as the goosefish, is an angler from the genus Lophius. It is also known as an angel shark. It lives in the Atlantic waters of North America. They have large mouths.

isa: angler


motif

title: Motif

text: In art, a motif is a repeated pattern, image, or theme. Paisley designs are called motifs. Many designs in mosques in Islamic culture are motifs. Two major Roman motifs are egg and tongue, and ball and reel. Motifs may have iconographic significance within a work of art.

isa: pattern


musical

title: Kindergarten: The Musical

text: Kindergarten: The Musical is an American animated television series made by Oddbot Entertainment for Disney Jr. The show premiered on September 3, 2024. It follows the adventures of Berti Benavente, a 5-year-old girl who starts kindergarten and discovers the highs and lows of school, along with her classmates and teacher Ms. Moreno. The series usually has about three songs in each episode, with some having longer than that. Two of the songs take place in the normal world, and one is in a cartoony world. The episodes follow small school problems that kids may have with other kids or things about their life. Each episode provides a lesson to the viewers. Episodes


nobility

title: Nobility

text: Nobility was the highest social class in pre-modern societies. In the feudal system (in Europe and elsewhere), the noble were mostly those who got land from the monarch and had to provide services to him, mainly military service. Men of this class were called noblemen. It soon became a hereditary class, sometimes with a right to bear a hereditary title and to have financial and other privileges in the estates of the realm. Today, in most countries, 'noble status' means no legal privileges; an important exception is the United Kingdom, where certain titles (titles of the peerage) guaranteed until recently a seat in the Upper House of Westminster Parliament (that is why it is called House of Lords) and still provide some other, less important privileges.


obi

title: Obi

text: Obi (帯, おび) is a Japanese word meaning "belt" or "band". Mostly, it is used to describe the types of sash worn with kimono and keikogi. Obi are worn by both men and women. They can be very simple, made of one layer of lightweight fabric, or decorated heavily, made of stiff, woven material, embroidered and dyed with different designs. Obi for men are less wide and shorter than obi for women. Men mostly wear kaku obi, but sometimes wear heko obi, which are made of much softer material. Heko obi are worn casually, but kaku obi can be worn casually and formally. Obi for women are much wider and longer. Most women usually wear a nagoya obi, which is wider at one end. In summer, women wear hanhaba obi with yukata. Formal obi for women can be woven from metallic yarns, covered in embroidery, or dyed in an elegant design. Obi for women are usually the most expensive part of a kimono outfit. However, obi for men can be expensive as well. Expensive obi are usually made by very skilled artists. Some of these people are called National Living Treasures because they are so skilled. Obi worn for practicing martial arts are a lot thinner and shorter than other kinds of obi. They come in different colours, and the colours show how skilled someone is in practicing martial arts. When someone becomes skilled enough, they wear a new colour of obi. Both men and women wear the same size and length of obi in martial arts, and they are not decorated with embroidery or dyes designs.


olm

title: Olm

text: The olm or proteus (Proteus anguinus) is an amphibian, native to the underground waters of the Dinaric karst that flow through the Soča river basin near Trieste in Italy, through to southern Slovenia, southwestern Croatia, and Herzegovina. It is the only species in the genus Proteus, the only European species of the family Proteidae, and the only European cave-dwelling chordate. It is also called the human fish or humanfish, because of its human-like skin (translated literally from Slovenian: Človeška ribica and Croatian: Čovječja ribica), Cave Salamander, or White Salamander.

isa: amphibian


ovum

title: Ovum

text: An ovum (Latin: "egg", plural: ova) is the name for the haploid female reproductive cell, or gamete. Both animals and land plants (embryophytes) produce ova.


patina

title: Patina

text: A patina is a coating of various chemical compounds such as oxides or carbonates formed on the surface of metal or other material. Often this is due to exposure to weather. The word "patina" comes from the Latin word meaning "shallow dish". For many works of art the patina adds to its value. In many cases, the artist wanted the work to acquire a patina over time.


pharmaceutical

title: Drug

text: According to the WHO, a drug is a substance that can change how a living organism works. Food is usually not seen as a drug, even though some foods may have such properties. Most of the time drugs are taken to treat a disease, or other medical condition. An example for such drugs may be Aspirin or Paracetamol. These are usually given to treat fever, as well as certain infections. If such drugs are taken over a longer time, they are usually prescribed by a doctor. Other drugs are taken for fun, because of the effect they have. Some of these drugs taken for fun are better accepted by society than others. Having or taking certain drugs may be illegal, in certain countries. Drugs that are taken to treat a disease or condition are usually called "therapeutic", drugs that are taken for fun are called "recreational" drugs. Drugs may have other effects than those wanted. Such effects are generally known as side-effects. Drugs act differently in different amounts so it is important to take the right amount. The amount of the drug taken is called a dose. Aspirin is often prescribed for fever, or made to be an analgesic. One of the side-effects of Aspirin is that it makes the blood thinner. Asprin can also be used to prevent strokes or a heart attack because of this. But this is in a much lower dose than the dose used to treat fever. Taking too much of a drug ("too high a dose") can cause sickness or even death. When a doctor says how much of a drug (the right dose) to take, only that amount should be taken. It is very important to keep taking the drug until the doctor says to stop because someone can feel better but still be sick. When a doctor says what drug to take, how much of it, and for how long, it is called a prescription. Drugs may cause addiction. Some drugs are illegal because they are very addictive. These drugs are really expensive, too. It can also be sold illegally from drug sellers which may cause serious results.

isa: substance


polity

title: Polity

text: A polity is a group of people who are brought together by any form of political agreement and who consider themselves as forming an autonomous unit. The political agreement uniting the group may be of different types: it can be a written constitution or even the unwritten recognition and respect of a hierarchy within the group. Depending on the size of the polity, it can be organized by a government or other, simpler forms of hierarchy. It is important to realize that the term polity can be used to refer to big entities like states, empires, and kingdoms, but also to smaller units like chiefdoms. What counts in calling a given group "a polity" is not its size nor the form of government it has. To be called "a polity" a group must be an organized and autonomous group that has exclusive rights of use of a specific portion of land.

isa: person


pons

title: Pons

text: The pons is part of the hindbrain, the ancient rear part of the brain. It acts as a bridge, and has nerve fibres connecting the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata. In humans it is above the medulla and below the midbrain. Mainly, its function is to carry white fibres ("wiring") which conduct signals from the cerebrum down to the cerebellum and medulla, and tracts that carry the sensory signals up into the thalamus.


quarry

title: Quarry

text: A quarry is a type of open pit mine that is used to get rocks and minerals from the ground. Quarries are often used to cut stone from the ground in large pieces or blocks. These are called dimension stones. They are used for building things. Some quarries fill with water to make small lakes when they are no longer being used for mining. The largest granite quarry in the world is run by Rock of Ages Corporation in Vermont, USA.. Naxos Marble.JPG|A quarry for marble, in Greece. Stoneworkers in the Central African Republic 1.jpg|Stoneworkers in the Central African Republic. 0 Carrières du Hainaut à Soignies (3).JPG|Stone quarry in Belgium.

isa: mine


question

title: Question

text: A question is what someone asks, usually when there is something that he or she does not know. In writing, a question mark ("?") comes at the end of a question. However, just because a question is asked does not mean there is an answer.


refrigerant

title: Refrigerant

text: A refrigerant is a chemical substance that is found in an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and in other refrigeration equipment. Air conditioners work by circulating refrigerant through coils, absorbing heat from the air and releasing it outside, cooling the space with chilling efficiency. Refrigerants are chosen for the ease of converting them from liquid to vapor or vice versa, depending on their temperature and pressure. Most refrigerants in their liquid state will evaporate very fast if at atmospheric pressure. They can be classed as CFC, HCFC, HFC, HC, or HFO along with less common types. In refrigeration equipment, a refrigerant vapor is compressed by a compressor. Compression makes it hot. It enters a condenser, where it condenses into a liquid. The refrigerant then passes through a part called a metering device, or an expansion device (there are several types of this part) where the pressure is reduced to a point where the liquid begins to boil. At this point, the refrigerant is very cold and it enters an evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the air passing over it. By the time the refrigerant leaves the evaporator, it is all a vapor again, and it goes back to the compressor where the cycle begins again. This is called the refrigeration cycle. This is one example of the use of a refrigerant, in a residential air conditioning system.


riff

title: Riff

text: In music, a riff is an ostinato; a repeated set of notes, pattern, or melody, often played by rhythmic instruments. The riff is the base of the musical composition. They are most common in rock music, funk, and jazz. Some of famous riffs in rock music can be found in the following songs: *Deep Purple – "Smoke On The Water" *AC/DC – "Highway to Hell" *Nirvana – "Smells Like Teen Spirit" *Metallica – "Enter Sandman" *Michael Jackson – "Beat It" *Chuck Berry – "Johnny B. Goode" *The White Stripes – "Seven Nation Army" *Black Sabbath – "Iron Man" *Jimi Hendrix – "Purple Haze" *The Rolling Stones – "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" *Guns n Roses – "Sweet Child O'Mine" * Queen – "Bohemian Rhapsody"


river

title: River

text: A river is a stream of water that flows through a channel on the surface of the ground. The passage where the river flows is called the riverbed and the earth on each side is called a riverbank. A river begins on high ground or in hills or mountains and flows down from the high ground to the lower ground, because of gravity. A river begins as a small stream and gets bigger the farther it flows.

isa: stream


salp

title: Salp

text: A salp is a barrel-shaped, planktic tunicate. Salps moves by contracting. This pumps water through their gelatinous bodies. It is one of the most efficient examples of jet propulsion in the animal kingdom. The salp pumps water through its internal feeding filters and feeds on phytoplankton. Salps are common in all seas. The most salps are in the Southern Ocean (near Antarctica), where they may form enormous swarms, often in deep water. They are sometimes even more abundant than krill. Although salps look similar to jellyfish with their simple body form and behaviour, in fact they are chordates. This means they are animals with a dorsal nerve cord. They are related to vertebrates, animals with backbones.


set

title: Set

text: A set is an idea from mathematics. A set has members (also called elements). A set is defined by its members, so any two sets with the same members are the same (i.e., if set \mathit{X} and set \mathit{Y} have the same members, then \mathit{X} = \mathit{Y} ). A set cannot have the same member more than once. Membership is the only thing that matters. For example, there is no order or other difference among the members. Anything can be a member of a set, including sets themselves; sets can even contain themselves. It is very important that sets are defined by their members, not by the properties of their members. A group of elements defined by a property is called a class. All sets are classes, but not all classes are sets. The idea that classes and sets are the same is called naive set theory, and causes many paradoxes such as Russell's paradox. An example of a class that is not a set is "the class of all sets".

isa: idea


sharpie

title: Sharpie

text: Sharpie is a line of permanent marker pens in the United States and the United Kingdom that are manufactured by Newell Brands. Once produced by the company Sanford, Newell Brands took over the Sharpie and Sanford lines in 1999. Sharpie markers are made with many tips. The most common and popular is the Fine tip. Other tips include Micro Point, Ultra Fine Point, Extra Fine Point, Brush Tip, Chisel Tip, Magnum Tip and Retractable Tip. There have been 124 fine point colors, and 91 ultra fine point colors made ever since 1964. Some colors are discontinued, others are considered "core" or widely available, and others have a different formulation that makes them different from other colors. The currently known packs that have a different formulation are Metallics, Neons, and Touch-Ups. Over the years, some of the colors have had their ink color changed in production for unknown reasons, making them very inconsistent. Sharpie's Motto is "We are THE BOLD ORIGINAL, genuine article, and cultural icon of Permanent Markers."

isa: line


tamarind

title: Tamarind

text: Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a kind of tree in the Fabaceae family. It is found in Africa primarily the Sudan. It is thought to have been initially discovered in the lesser-known, edrudgo tribal territory, located within the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakes_State Lakes State] Sampaloc is a term commonly used for the spice made from the fruit in the Philippine s. It taste is very sour. It is used as condiments to recipes if they want to add sourness.

isa: tree


tenure

title: Tenure

text: Tenure is normally used for jobs, usually academic high-ranking jobs like professors. It is to protect professors who are teaching something that their employer, the university, might not agree with. Tenure means that these people cannot be fired without a very good reason- the job is for life. The reason for tenure is to help professors be bold about what they teach and research, so that new ideas will be developed. Or a teacher can also have a tenure. It depends how long their term has to be. Sometimes judges also get tenure. This is so that they can make decisions based on the evidence, even if this means saying that the government, which is their employer, is wrong.Tenure is the period of time during which someone holds an important job. Employee tenure, or job tenure, is the length of time a person has worked for a particular employer. However a tenure also exists for land holders, who now after acquiring the tenure have the right to collect rent, or use it for any primary sector activities. The tenure in a way defines the land owner and people's relationship with the asset.


towel

title: Towel

text: A towel is a form of cloth or paper used for drying things. There are many types of towels, such as a beach towel and a washcloth, a small towel used for cleaning dishes and bodies. Towels have many different uses, such as drying yourself after a shower, or wiping a table clean. For the body, fabric terry towels are mainly used, consisting mainly of cotton fibers due to their high absorbency (reaching up to 300%). Fabric towels belong to the group of piece textiles. Textile towels often have a sewn loop with which they can be hung on wall furniture hooks for use (previously it was recommended to sew a loop at both ends so that the towel wears out more evenly). In addition to hooks, towels can also be placed in a state thrown over a barbell, and thanks to this straightened suspension, they dry faster. Fabric towels can have finishes such as lace, embroidery, appliques and others. Disposable towels can be made both in piece form and in a roll, both from paper and non-woven material.


trademark

title: Trademark

text: A trademark (or trade mark) is a way for a business to help people identify the products that the business makes from the products made by another business. A trademark can be a name, word, phrase, symbol, logo, design, or picture. It can only be used on things made by the business that owns the trademark. For example, Coca-Cola and Coke are trademark names for a certain drink made by the Coca-Cola Company. No other business can use these names or any names similar to them. Other businesses can make a drink that is similar, like colas soft drinks, but they have to use a different name for their drink, such as Pepsi. Another example is the Nike company which makes sporting goods like shoes and clothes. The "swoosh" symbol used on their products is a trademark. Famous trademarks like Coca-Cola and Nike are used for branding whole families of products.


ulna

title: Ulna

text: The ulna is one of the two bones which make up the lower forearm in tetrapods. The other one is the radius. Above them is the elbow and humerus; below are the hands or front feet. When the forearm is in its normal anatomical position, the ulna—a long bone that extends from the elbow to the wrist—is located on the medial side. It narrows as it gets closer to the wrist and widens near the elbow. The olecranon process, a bony bone at the elbow, resembles a hook and inserts into the humerus's olecranon fossa. This creates a hinge joint with the humeral trochlea and avoids hyperextension. Additionally, there is a radial notch for the ulnar tuberosity, which muscles attach to, and the head of the radius.

isa: bone


version

title: Software versioning

text: Software versioning is a way to name different versions of computer software. A computer software has different states in its life-cycle process from development through deployment into production and sustainment. Each state in the process is given a unique version and version number. Versions are most often a sequence of one to four numbers (for example, 12.2.3) to represent Major.Minor.Maintenance actions, but they can also use names, dates, or other sequencing mechanisms. In some practices, the numbers are used with variations like the 3rd digit being replaced by a letter (for example, 4.1a). The changes are all revisions in that something is being changed and the version number tells people how complex the change is to the software. Many times, after a program has been made, things called patches can be downloaded from the program's website. The patches usually make small updates or fixes to the main program, such as fixing bugs or updating information or program functions. When a patch is used, the program is advanced to the next version, advancing the version number by the appropriate level.


vinegar

title: Vinegar

text: Vinegar is a liquid containing mainly water and acetic acid and used mostly in cooking. It can be made from wine or other liquids containing alcohol, like cider, fermented fruit juices, or fermented malt. Ethanol is oxidized from the liquid, resulting in vinegar. Vinegar made from dates is a traditional product of the Middle East. It can also be made through the use of certain bacteria. Vinegar contains about 5% of acetic acid. The acid makes it sour. In cooking, it is often used as a condiment to add to salad, fish, french fries and vegetables like pickles and cabbage. It is much used in salad dressings. The pH of vinegar depends on how much acid is in it. Apple cider vinegar is typically between pH 4.25 and 5.00 if undiluted. Distilled vinegar has a pH of around 2.4. There are many types of vinegar, such as balsamic, red wine, and apple cider vinegar. It is also shown above as well as the others.

isa: water


vocal

title: Singer

text: A Singer is a person who sings; anyone who is singing is a singer. Some people do it as a job (professional singer), others may sing without being paid (amateur singer). Singers may sing anything: songs, opera, etc. They may be accompanied by an instrument or an orchestra. Some singers also play a musical instrument such as piano, guitar or harp while they sing (they accompany themselves). Singing is important in movies and in the theatre. The lead vocalist (or lead singer) is the member of a band who sings the main solo vocal portions of a song. The lead vocalist may also play one or more instruments, and is usually the "leader" of their group, often the spokesperson in interviews and before the public. The lead vocalist is sometimes referred to as the frontman. For example, Jerry Garcia was the lead singer and frontman for the Grateful Dead.


weed

title: Weed

text: A weed is a plant that people think is an impurity, because it is growing invading the plant's space. Only smaller plants are often called weeds. A person may grow plants because it has flowers, but other people may think that this plant is a weed for some reason. This may be for one of these reasons: *It has pollen that makes them sneeze *It spreads seeds that will grow quickly *The roots go too far under the ground and can cause damage to houses or pipes *The roots spread quickly *The plant has poisonous berries *The plant has liquid (sap) in it that can hurt a person's skin If someone is farming a plant and it then moves outside the farm, the plant may then be called a weed. Some plants are very hard to stop once they start growing. These are called invasive weeds. Weed can also be a name for any wild plant, one that people do not use for anything and invading their space.

isa: plant