/**
 * MCP Client.
 *
 * Handles connection initialization, tool listing, and tool calling.
 */
import * as path from "node:path";
import * as url from "node:url";
import { getProjectDir, logger, untilAborted, withTimeout } from "@oh-my-pi/pi-utils";
import { describeMCPTimeout, isMCPTimeoutEnabled, resolveMCPTimeoutMs } from "./timeout";
import { createHttpTransport } from "./transports/http";
import { LegacySseConnectionTimeoutError, createSseTransport } from "./transports/sse";
import { createStdioTransport } from "./transports/stdio";
import type {
	MCPGetPromptParams,
	MCPGetPromptResult,
	MCPHttpServerConfig,
	MCPInitializeParams,
	MCPInitializeResult,
	MCPPrompt,
	MCPPromptsListResult,
	MCPRequestOptions,
	MCPResource,
	MCPResourceReadParams,
	MCPResourceReadResult,
	MCPResourceSubscribeParams,
	MCPResourcesListResult,
	MCPResourceTemplate,
	MCPResourceTemplatesListResult,
	MCPServerCapabilities,
	MCPServerConfig,
	MCPServerConnection,
	MCPSseServerConfig,
	MCPStdioServerConfig,
	MCPToolCallParams,
	MCPToolCallResult,
	MCPToolDefinition,
	MCPToolsListResult,
	MCPTransport,
} from "./types";

import { MCP_PROTOCOL_VERSION } from "./types";

/** Client info sent during initialization */
const CLIENT_INFO = {
	name: "omp-coding-agent",
	version: "1.0.0",
};

/**
 * Default handler for standard MCP server-to-client requests.
 * Handles `ping` and `roots/list`; rejects unknown methods with -32601.
 * Reads getProjectDir() at call time so the root stays stable even if
 * the process cwd changes during tool execution.
 */
async function defaultRequestHandler(method: string, _params: unknown): Promise<unknown> {
	switch (method) {
		case "ping":
			return {};
		case "roots/list": {
			const cwd = getProjectDir();
			return {
				roots: [{ uri: url.pathToFileURL(cwd).href, name: path.basename(cwd) }],
			};
		}
		default:
			throw Object.assign(new Error(`Unsupported server request: ${method}`), { code: -32601 });
	}
}

/**
 * Create a transport for the given server config.
 */
async function createTransport(config: MCPServerConfig, signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<MCPTransport> {
	const serverType = config.type ?? "stdio";

	switch (serverType) {
		case "stdio":
			return createStdioTransport(config as MCPStdioServerConfig, signal);
		case "http":
			return createHttpTransport(config as MCPHttpServerConfig);
		case "sse":
			return createSseTransport(config as MCPSseServerConfig, signal);
		default:
			throw new Error(`Unknown server type: ${serverType}`);
	}
}

/**
 * Initialize connection with MCP server.
 */
async function initializeConnection(
	transport: MCPTransport,
	options?: {
		signal?: AbortSignal;
		/** Called after notifications/initialized succeeds. */
		onInitialized?: () => void | Promise<void>;
	},
): Promise<MCPInitializeResult> {
	const params: MCPInitializeParams = {
		protocolVersion: MCP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
		capabilities: {
			roots: { listChanged: false },
		},
		clientInfo: CLIENT_INFO,
	};

	const result = await transport.request<MCPInitializeResult>(
		"initialize",
		params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
		{ signal: options?.signal },
	);

	if (options?.signal?.aborted) {
		throw options.signal.reason instanceof Error ? options.signal.reason : new Error("Aborted");
	}

	// Echo the negotiated protocol version on every subsequent request. The MCP
	// Streamable HTTP spec requires the MCP-Protocol-Version header after
	// initialize; transports that don't need it ignore this.
	transport.setProtocolVersion?.(result.protocolVersion);

	// Send initialized before opening the optional GET SSE stream. Servers may
	// reject or terminate sessions that receive session traffic before this
	// notification; POST response streams already carry messages during setup.
	await transport.notify("notifications/initialized");
	options?.signal?.throwIfAborted();

	await options?.onInitialized?.();

	return result;
}

/** Identifies an MCP server whose initial handshake exceeded its configured timeout. */
export class MCPConnectionTimeoutError extends Error {
	readonly serverName: string;
	readonly timeoutMs: number;

	constructor(serverName: string, timeoutMs: number) {
		super(`Connection to MCP server "${serverName}" timed out after ${describeMCPTimeout(timeoutMs)}`);
		this.name = "MCPConnectionTimeoutError";
		this.serverName = serverName;
		this.timeoutMs = timeoutMs;
	}
}

/**
 * Connect to an MCP server.
 * Has a 30 second timeout by default to prevent blocking startup.
 * Set OMP_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS=0 to disable MCP client-side timeouts.
 */
export async function connectToServer(
	name: string,
	config: MCPServerConfig,
	options?: {
		signal?: AbortSignal;
		onNotification?: (method: string, params: unknown) => void;
		onRequest?: (method: string, params: unknown) => Promise<unknown>;
	},
): Promise<MCPServerConnection> {
	// `withTimeout` rejects a pre-aborted signal without observing `connect()`; never start one.
	options?.signal?.throwIfAborted();
	const timeoutMs = resolveMCPTimeoutMs(config.timeout);
	const timeoutError = new MCPConnectionTimeoutError(name, timeoutMs);
	const controller = new AbortController();
	const signal = options?.signal ? AbortSignal.any([options.signal, controller.signal]) : controller.signal;
	let transport: MCPTransport | undefined;
	let closePromise: Promise<void> | undefined;
	const closeTransport = () => {
		if (transport) closePromise ??= transport.close();
		return closePromise;
	};

	const connect = async (): Promise<MCPServerConnection> => {
		transport = await createTransport(config, signal);
		if (options?.onNotification) {
			transport.onNotification = options.onNotification;
		}

		// Always handle standard MCP server-to-client requests (ping, roots/list).
		// The initialize request declares roots capability, so we must respond to
		// roots/list — even for short-lived test connections.
		transport.onRequest = options?.onRequest ?? defaultRequestHandler;

		try {
			signal.throwIfAborted();
			const initResult = await initializeConnection(transport, {
				signal,
				async onInitialized() {
					// Open the optional GET SSE stream only after the initialized
					// notification makes the session ready for further traffic.
					if ("startSSEListener" in transport! && typeof transport!.startSSEListener === "function") {
						await (transport as { startSSEListener(): Promise<void> }).startSSEListener();
					}
				},
			});

			return {
				name,
				config,
				transport,
				serverInfo: initResult.serverInfo,
				capabilities: initResult.capabilities,
				instructions: initResult.instructions,
			};
		} catch (error) {
			await closeTransport();
			throw error;
		}
	};

	try {
		// Race the whole handshake against the signal: the steps after `initialize` (the
		// initialized notification, the SSE listener) do not observe it themselves.
		if (!isMCPTimeoutEnabled(timeoutMs)) {
			return await untilAborted(options?.signal, connect());
		}
		return await withTimeout(connect(), timeoutMs, timeoutError, options?.signal);
	} catch (error) {
		controller.abort(error);
		// Close an existing transport; in-flight creation observes the aborted signal.
		void closeTransport()?.catch(() => {});
		throw error instanceof LegacySseConnectionTimeoutError ? timeoutError : error;
	}
}

/**
 * List tools from a connected server.
 */
export async function listTools(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	options?: { signal?: AbortSignal },
): Promise<MCPToolDefinition[]> {
	// Check if server supports tools
	if (!connection.capabilities.tools) {
		return [];
	}

	// Return cached tools if available
	if (connection.tools) {
		return connection.tools;
	}

	const allTools: MCPToolDefinition[] = [];
	let cursor: string | undefined;

	do {
		const params: Record<string, unknown> = {};
		if (cursor) {
			params.cursor = cursor;
		}

		const result = await connection.transport.request<MCPToolsListResult>("tools/list", params, options);
		allTools.push(...result.tools);
		cursor = result.nextCursor;
	} while (cursor);

	// Cache tools
	connection.tools = allTools;

	return allTools;
}

/**
 * Call a tool on a connected server.
 */
export async function callTool(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	toolName: string,
	args: Record<string, unknown> = {},
	options?: MCPRequestOptions,
): Promise<MCPToolCallResult> {
	const params: MCPToolCallParams = {
		name: toolName,
		arguments: args,
	};

	return connection.transport.request<MCPToolCallResult>(
		"tools/call",
		params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
		options,
	);
}

/**
 * Disconnect from a server.
 */
export async function disconnectServer(connection: MCPServerConnection): Promise<void> {
	await connection.transport.close();
}

/**
 * Check if a server supports tools.
 */
export function serverSupportsTools(capabilities: MCPServerCapabilities): boolean {
	return capabilities.tools !== undefined;
}

/**
 * List resources from a connected server.
 */
export async function listResources(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	options?: { signal?: AbortSignal },
): Promise<MCPResource[]> {
	if (!connection.capabilities.resources) {
		return [];
	}

	if (connection.resources) {
		return connection.resources;
	}

	const allResources: MCPResource[] = [];
	let cursor: string | undefined;

	do {
		const params: Record<string, unknown> = {};
		if (cursor) {
			params.cursor = cursor;
		}

		const result = await connection.transport.request<MCPResourcesListResult>("resources/list", params, options);
		allResources.push(...result.resources);
		cursor = result.nextCursor;
	} while (cursor);

	connection.resources = allResources;
	return allResources;
}

/** True when an error is a JSON-RPC "method not found" (-32601) response. */
function isMethodNotFoundError(error: unknown): boolean {
	const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
	return message.includes("-32601") || /method not found/i.test(message);
}

/**
 * List resource templates from a connected server.
 *
 * A server MAY advertise the `resources` capability without implementing the
 * optional `resources/templates/list` method (it is optional in the MCP spec).
 * Such servers reject the request with JSON-RPC -32601 ("Method not found").
 * Treat that as "no templates" and return `[]` rather than throwing — otherwise
 * a caller that loads resources and templates together (see `MCPManager`'s
 * `Promise.all([listResources, listResourceTemplates])`) would discard the
 * server's concrete resources too. Any other error still propagates.
 */
export async function listResourceTemplates(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	options?: { signal?: AbortSignal },
): Promise<MCPResourceTemplate[]> {
	if (!connection.capabilities.resources) {
		return [];
	}

	if (connection.resourceTemplates) {
		return connection.resourceTemplates;
	}

	const allTemplates: MCPResourceTemplate[] = [];
	let cursor: string | undefined;

	try {
		do {
			const params: Record<string, unknown> = {};
			if (cursor) {
				params.cursor = cursor;
			}

			const result = await connection.transport.request<MCPResourceTemplatesListResult>(
				"resources/templates/list",
				params,
				options,
			);
			allTemplates.push(...result.resourceTemplates);
			cursor = result.nextCursor;
		} while (cursor);
	} catch (error) {
		// A server that doesn't implement the optional templates method answers
		// -32601; cache an empty list so we neither retry nor let the failure
		// bubble up and discard the server's concrete resources.
		if (isMethodNotFoundError(error)) {
			connection.resourceTemplates = [];
			return [];
		}
		throw error;
	}

	connection.resourceTemplates = allTemplates;
	return allTemplates;
}

/**
 * Read a resource from a connected server.
 */
export async function readResource(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	uri: string,
	options?: MCPRequestOptions,
): Promise<MCPResourceReadResult> {
	const params: MCPResourceReadParams = { uri };
	return connection.transport.request<MCPResourceReadResult>(
		"resources/read",
		params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
		options,
	);
}

/**
 * Subscribe to resource update notifications.
 */
export async function subscribeToResources(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	uris: string[],
	options?: MCPRequestOptions,
): Promise<void> {
	if (uris.length === 0 || !connection.capabilities.resources?.subscribe) return;
	const results = await Promise.allSettled(
		uris.map(uri => {
			const params: MCPResourceSubscribeParams = { uri };
			return connection.transport.request(
				"resources/subscribe",
				params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
				options,
			);
		}),
	);
	for (const result of results) {
		if (result.status === "rejected") {
			logger.warn("Failed to subscribe to MCP resource", { error: result.reason });
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Unsubscribe from resource update notifications.
 */
export async function unsubscribeFromResources(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	uris: string[],
	options?: MCPRequestOptions,
): Promise<void> {
	if (uris.length === 0 || !connection.capabilities.resources?.subscribe) return;
	const results = await Promise.allSettled(
		uris.map(uri => {
			const params: MCPResourceSubscribeParams = { uri };
			return connection.transport.request(
				"resources/unsubscribe",
				params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
				options,
			);
		}),
	);
	for (const result of results) {
		if (result.status === "rejected") {
			logger.warn("Failed to unsubscribe from MCP resource", { error: result.reason });
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Check if a server supports resource subscriptions.
 */
export function serverSupportsResourceSubscriptions(capabilities: MCPServerCapabilities): boolean {
	return capabilities.resources?.subscribe === true;
}

/**
 * Check if a server supports resources.
 */
export function serverSupportsResources(capabilities: MCPServerCapabilities): boolean {
	return capabilities.resources !== undefined;
}

/**
 * List prompts from a connected server.
 */
export async function listPrompts(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	options?: { signal?: AbortSignal },
): Promise<MCPPrompt[]> {
	if (!connection.capabilities.prompts) {
		return [];
	}

	if (connection.prompts) {
		return connection.prompts;
	}

	const allPrompts: MCPPrompt[] = [];
	let cursor: string | undefined;

	do {
		const params: Record<string, unknown> = {};
		if (cursor) {
			params.cursor = cursor;
		}

		const result = await connection.transport.request<MCPPromptsListResult>("prompts/list", params, options);
		allPrompts.push(...result.prompts);
		cursor = result.nextCursor;
	} while (cursor);

	connection.prompts = allPrompts;
	return allPrompts;
}

/**
 * Get a specific prompt from a connected server.
 */
export async function getPrompt(
	connection: MCPServerConnection,
	name: string,
	args?: Record<string, string>,
	options?: MCPRequestOptions,
): Promise<MCPGetPromptResult> {
	const params: MCPGetPromptParams = { name };
	if (args && Object.keys(args).length > 0) {
		params.arguments = args;
	}

	return connection.transport.request<MCPGetPromptResult>(
		"prompts/get",
		params as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
		options,
	);
}

/**
 * Check if a server supports prompts.
 */
export function serverSupportsPrompts(capabilities: MCPServerCapabilities): boolean {
	return capabilities.prompts !== undefined;
}