{
  "id": "etl",
  "kind": "concept",
  "name": "ETL",
  "category": "data",
  "triggers": ["ETL", "Extract Transform Load", "数据管道", "ELT", "抽取转换加载"],
  "summary": "抽取-转换-加载：从源系统抽取数据，清洗/转换为目标模型，再加载进数仓；ELT 则先加载再在数仓内转换。是 OLTP→OLAP 的桥。",
  "whenToUse": [
    "把业务库数据汇入数仓做分析。",
    "多源异构数据需统一清洗、对齐口径。"
  ],
  "antiPatterns": [
    "转换逻辑无幂等，重跑产生重复/脏数据。",
    "全量抽取代替增量，成本与延迟爆炸（考虑 CDC）。",
    "口径散落各管道，缺统一指标定义。"
  ],
  "minimalSkeleton": "Extract: 从源(DB/API/文件)抽取\nTransform: 清洗/去重/对齐/聚合\nLoad: 写入数仓\n调度(Airflow) + 幂等 + 增量",
  "relatedArchetypes": []
}