{ "$id": "https://www.hestia.earth/schema-data/json-schema/Practice.json", "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#", "$comment": "Schema version 39.0.1", "title": "Practice", "description": "A Practice used during a [Cycle](/schema/Cycle) or [Transformation](/schema/Transformation). Each Practice must be unique, and the fields which determine uniqueness are defined in the [practices](/schema/Cycle#practices) field of the Cycle or [Transformation](/schema/Transformation#inputs).\n", "type": "object", "additionalProperties": false, "properties": { "type": { "type": "string", "description": "Type of the Node", "default": "Practice", "enum": [ "Practice" ] }, "@type": { "type": "string", "description": "Type of the Node", "default": "Practice", "enum": [ "Practice" ], "extend": true }, "term": { "$ref": "./Term-deep.json#", "description": "A reference to the Term describing the Practice. This can be replaced by a description instead if the Term isn't available in the Glossary.", "examples": [ { "@id": "croppingDuration", "@type": "Term", "name": "Cropping Duration", "units": "days", "termType": "landUseManagement" }, { "@id": "soilAssociationOrganicStandard", "@type": "Term", "name": "Soil Association Organic Standard", "termType": "standardsLabels" }, { "@id": "cloverPlant", "@type": "Term", "name": "Clover plant", "termType": "landCover" } ], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "description": { "type": "string", "description": "A description of the Practice. This is a required field if term is not provided.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "variety": { "type": "string", "description": "For Land cover terms only, the variety (cultivar) of a crop. Standardised variety names are defined in external glossaries, such as the OECD, GEVES, PLUTO, or CPVO glossaries.", "examples": [ "Small leafed clover" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "key": { "$ref": "./Term-deep.json#", "description": "If the data associated with the Practice are in key:value form, the key.", "examples": [], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "value": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": [ "number", "string", "boolean", "null" ] }, "description": "The value associated with the Practice. If an average, it should always be the mean.", "examples": [ [ 163 ], [ 100 ] ], "exportDefaultCSV": true, "recommended": true }, "distribution": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": [ "number", "array" ] }, "description": "An array of up to 1000 random samples from the posterior distribution of valuedates field.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true, "maxItems": 1000 }, "sd": { "type": "array", "items": { "anyOf": [ { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 }, { "type": "null" } ] }, "description": "The standard deviation of value.", "examples": [], "minimum": 0, "arraySameSize": [ "value" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "min": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": [ "number", "null" ] }, "description": "The minimum of value.", "examples": [], "arraySameSize": [ "value" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "max": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": [ "number", "null" ] }, "description": "The maximum of value.", "examples": [], "arraySameSize": [ "value" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "percentile10th": { "type": "number", "description": "The 10th percentile of value.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": false, "internal": true }, "percentile90th": { "type": "number", "description": "The 90th percentile of value.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": false, "internal": true }, "statsDefinition": { "type": "string", "description": "What the descriptive statistics (sd, min, max, and value) are calculated across, or whether they are simulated or the output of a model. spatial refers to descriptive statistics calculated across spatial units (e.g., pixels) within a region or country. time refers to descriptive statistics calculated across units of time (e.g., hours).", "examples": [], "enum": [ "sites", "cycles", "replications", "animals", "other observations", "time", "spatial", "regions", "simulated", "modelled" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "observations": { "type": "array", "items": { "anyOf": [ { "type": "number", "minimum": 1 }, { "type": "null" } ] }, "description": "The number of observations the descriptive statistics are calculated over.", "examples": [], "minimum": 1, "searchable": true, "arraySameSize": [ "value" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "dates": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A corresponding array to value, representing the dates of the Practice in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD, YYYY-MM, YYYY, --MM-DD, --MM, or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ).", "examples": [], "dateTimePattern": true, "arraySameSize": [ "value" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "startDate": { "type": "string", "description": "The start date of the Practice if different from the start date of the Cycle in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD, YYYY-MM, or YYYY). The start date is the first date the practice is carried out. The practice will continue without stopping until the end date is reached. Alternatively, use the dates term to specify practices which occur on a number of different dates.", "examples": [ "1996-01-01", "1996-01-01" ], "datePattern": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "endDate": { "type": "string", "description": "The end date of the Practice if different from the end date of the Cycle in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD, YYYY-MM, or YYYY). The end date is the last date the practice is carried out. The practice will continue without stopping until the end date is reached. Alternatively, use the dates term to specify practices which occur on a number of different dates.", "examples": [ "1996-01-01" ], "datePattern": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "methodClassification": { "type": "string", "description": "A classification of the method used to acquire or estimate the term and value. Overrides the defaultMethodClassification specified in the Cycle. methodClassification should be specified separately for properties (see Property). physical measurement means the amount is quantified using weighing,\n volume measurement, metering, chemical methods, or other physical approaches.\n\n verified survey data means the data are initially collected through\n surveys; all or a subset of the data are verified using physical methods; and\n erroneous survey data are discarded or corrected.\n\n non-verified survey data means the data are collected through\n surveys that have not been subjected to verification.\n\n modelled means a previously calibrated model is used to estimate\n this data point from other data points describing this Cycle.\n\n estimated with assumptions means a documented assumption is used\n to estimate this data point from other data points describing this Cycle.\n\n consistent external sources means the data are taken from external\n datasets referring to different producers/enterprises:\n\n Using the same technology (defined as the same\n System or the same key Practices\n as those specified in the Cycle);\n\n At the same date (defined as occurring within the\n startDate and endDate of the Cycle);\n and\n\n In the same region or country.\n\n Modelling or assumptions may have also been used to transform these data.\n\n inconsistent external sources means the data are taken from external\n datasets referring to different producers/enterprises:\n\n Using a different technology (defined as a different\n System or using different key\n Practices to those specified in the Cycle);\n\n At a different date (defined as occurring within the\n startDate and endDate of the Cycle);\n or\n\n In a different region or country.\n\n Modelling or assumptions may have also been used to transform these data.\n\n expert opinion means the data have been estimated by experts in\n the field.\n\n unsourced assumption means the data do not have a clear source\n and/or are based on assumptions only.\n", "examples": [], "enum": [ "physical measurement", "verified survey data", "non-verified survey data", "modelled", "estimated with assumptions", "consistent external sources", "inconsistent external sources", "expert opinion", "unsourced assumption" ], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "methodClassificationDescription": { "type": "string", "description": "A justification of the methodClassification used. If the data were estimated with assumptions this field should also describe the assumptions. This is a required field if methodClassification is specified.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "model": { "$ref": "./Term-deep.json#", "description": "A reference to the Term describing the model used to estimate these data.", "examples": [], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "modelDescription": { "type": "string", "description": "A free text field, describing the model used to estimate these data.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "areaPercent": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The area of the Site that Practice occurred on, specified as a percentage of Site area. If the units of the term are already in % area, do not use this field and use value instead to record these data.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "price": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The price paid for this Practice. The price should be expressed per the units defined in the term. The currency must be specified. The price of the inputs associated with this practice should be included in the inputs rather than here.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "priceSd": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The standard deviation of price.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "priceMin": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The minimum of price.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "priceMax": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The maximum of price.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "priceStatsDefinition": { "type": "string", "description": "What the descriptive statistics for price are calculated across.", "examples": [], "enum": [ "cycles", "time", "cycles and time" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "cost": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The total cost of this Practice (price x quantity), expressed as a positive value. The currency must be specified. The cost of the inputs associated with this practice should be included in the inputs rather than here.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "costSd": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The standard deviation of cost.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "costMin": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The minimum of cost.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "costMax": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "description": "The maximum of cost.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "costStatsDefinition": { "type": "string", "description": "What the descriptive statistics for cost are calculated across.", "examples": [], "enum": [ "cycles", "time", "cycles and time" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "currency": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^[A-Z]{3}$", "description": "The three letter currency code in ISO 4217 format.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "ownershipStatus": { "type": "string", "description": "For operations, the ownership status of the equipment used to perform the operation.", "examples": [], "enum": [ "owned", "rented", "borrowed" ], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "primaryPercent": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 100, "description": "For primary processing operations in food processing Cycles, the percent of primary Product produced with the operation. For example, if the Cycle represents Oil palm, oil (crude) produced only with the operation Pressing, with screw press, the primaryPercent would be 100.", "examples": [], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "site": { "$ref": "./Site-deep.json#", "description": "If the Cycle occurred on multiple Sites, the Site where this Practice was used.", "examples": [], "searchable": true, "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "source": { "$ref": "./Source-deep.json#", "description": "A reference to the Source of these data, if different from the defaultSource of the Cycle or Site.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "otherSources": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "./Source-deep.json#" }, "description": "A list of references to any other sources of these data.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true }, "properties": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "./Property.json#" }, "description": "A list of Properties of the Practice, which would override any default properties specified in the term.", "examples": [], "exportDefaultCSV": true, "uniqueArrayItem": [ "term.@id", "key.@id", "date", "startDate", "endDate" ] }, "schemaVersion": { "type": "string", "description": "The version of the schema when these data were created.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "added": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of fields that have been added to the original dataset.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "addedVersion": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of versions of the model used to add these fields.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "updated": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of fields that have been updated on the original dataset.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "updatedVersion": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of versions of the model used to update these fields.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "aggregated": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of fields that have been 'aggregated' using data from multiple Cycles.", "examples": [], "internal": true }, "aggregatedVersion": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "description": "A list of versions of the aggregation engine corresponding to each aggregated field.", "examples": [], "internal": true } }, "allOf": [ { "if": { "required": [ "term" ] }, "then": { "properties": { "term": { "properties": { "termType": { "enum": [ "animalBreed", "animalManagement", "aquacultureManagement", "cropEstablishment", "cropResidueManagement", "excretaManagement", "landCover", "landUseManagement", "pastureManagement", "standardsLabels", "system", "tillage", "waterRegime", "wasteManagement", "operation" ] } } } } } }, { "if": { "required": [ "key" ] }, "then": { "properties": { "key": { "properties": { "termType": { "enum": [ "crop", "aquaticCrop", "forage", "biologicalControlAgent", "inorganicFertiliser", "organicFertiliser", "biochar", "otherInorganicChemical", "otherOrganicChemical", "pesticideAI", "soilAmendment", "landCover" ] } } } } } }, { "if": { "required": [ "model" ] }, "then": { "properties": { "model": { "properties": { "termType": { "enum": [ "model" ] } } } } } }, { "if": { "required": [ "term" ], "properties": { "term": { "required": [ "units" ], "properties": { "units": { "const": "% area" } } } } }, "then": { "not": { "required": [ "areaPercent" ] } } }, { "if": { "anyOf": [ { "required": [ "min" ] }, { "required": [ "max" ] }, { "required": [ "sd" ] } ] }, "then": { "required": [ "statsDefinition" ] } }, { "if": { "required": [ "statsDefinition" ] }, "then": { "anyOf": [ { "required": [ "value" ] }, { "required": [ "min" ] }, { "required": [ "max" ] }, { "required": [ "sd" ] } ] } }, { "if": { "required": [ "ownershipStatus" ] }, "then": { "properties": { "term": { "properties": { "termType": { "enum": [ "operation" ] } } } } } }, { "if": { "anyOf": [ { "required": [ "cost" ] }, { "required": [ "price" ] } ] }, "then": { "required": [ "currency" ] } }, { "if": { "required": [ "methodClassification" ] }, "then": { "required": [ "methodClassificationDescription" ] } }, { "if": { "anyOf": [ { "required": [ "priceMin" ] }, { "required": [ "priceMax" ] }, { "required": [ "priceSd" ] } ] }, "then": { "required": [ "priceStatsDefinition" ] } }, { "if": { "anyOf": [ { "required": [ "costMin" ] }, { "required": [ "costMax" ] }, { "required": [ "costSd" ] } ] }, "then": { "required": [ "costStatsDefinition" ] } }, { "if": { "required": [ "variety" ] }, "then": { "properties": { "term": { "properties": { "termType": { "enum": [ "landCover" ] } } } } } } ], "oneOf": [ { "required": [ "@type" ] }, { "required": [ "type" ] } ], "required": [ "term" ] }