// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.7;

import './GoosebumpsERC20.sol';
import './libraries/Math.sol';
import './libraries/UQ112x112.sol';
import './interfaces/IERC20.sol';
import './interfaces/IGoosebumpsFactory.sol';
import './interfaces/IGoosebumpsCallee.sol';

contract GoosebumpsPair is GoosebumpsERC20 {
    using UQ112x112 for uint224;

    uint256 public constant MINIMUM_LIQUIDITY = 10**3;
    bytes4 private constant SELECTOR = bytes4(keccak256(bytes('transfer(address,uint256)')));

    /**
     * @dev `factory` must be the GoosebumpsFactory address.
     *
     * Note GoosebumpsPair contract can be deployed by any EOA, 
     * but in this case, `factory` is not the GoosebumpsFactory address.
     * Because of this, GoosebumpsPair contract that is deployed by any EOA never used in Goosebumps ecosystem.
     * So, `factory` of all GoosebumpsPair is GoosebumpsFactory, not EOA.
     * As a result, we are already using smart-contract-based accounts for GoosebumpsPair security in our ecosystem.
     */
    address public immutable factory;
    address public token0;
    address public token1;

    uint112 private reserve0;           // uses single storage slot, accessible via getReserves
    uint112 private reserve1;           // uses single storage slot, accessible via getReserves
    uint32  private blockTimestampLast; // uses single storage slot, accessible via getReserves

    uint256 public price0CumulativeLast;
    uint256 public price1CumulativeLast;
    uint256 public kLast; // reserve0 * reserve1, as of immediately after the most recent liquidity event

    uint256 private unlocked = 1;
    modifier lock() {
        require(unlocked == 1, 'GoosebumpsPair: LOCKED');
        unlocked = 0;
        _;
        unlocked = 1;
    }

    function getReserves() public view returns (uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1, uint32 _blockTimestampLast) {
        _reserve0 = reserve0;
        _reserve1 = reserve1;
        _blockTimestampLast = blockTimestampLast;
    }

    function _safeTransfer(address token, address to, uint256 value) private {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) = token.call(abi.encodeWithSelector(SELECTOR, to, value));
        require(success && (data.length == 0 || abi.decode(data, (bool))), 'GoosebumpsPair: TRANSFER_FAILED');
    }

    event Mint(address indexed sender, uint256 amount0, uint256 amount1);
    event Burn(address indexed sender, uint256 amount0, uint256 amount1, address indexed to);
    event Swap(
        address indexed sender,
        uint256 amount0In,
        uint256 amount1In,
        uint256 amount0Out,
        uint256 amount1Out,
        address indexed to
    );
    event Sync(uint112 reserve0, uint112 reserve1);

    constructor() {
        factory = msg.sender;
    }

    /**
     * @dev `initialize` is called once by the factory at time of deployment.
     * 
     * Note When `initialize` is called, input params are checked by the factory, 
     * and the Goosebumps ecosystem uses the pair contracts that are deployed by the factory, not EOA. 
     * Because of this, `zero-address check` is skipped.
     */
    function initialize(address _token0, address _token1) external {
        require(msg.sender == factory, 'GoosebumpsPair: FORBIDDEN'); // sufficient check
        token0 = _token0;
        token1 = _token1;
    }

    // update reserves and, on the first call per block, price accumulators
    function _update(uint256 balance0, uint256 balance1, uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1) private {
        require(balance0 <= type(uint112).max && balance1 <= type(uint112).max, 'GoosebumpsPair: OVERFLOW');
        uint32 blockTimestamp = uint32(block.timestamp % 2**32);
        uint32 timeElapsed = blockTimestamp - blockTimestampLast; // overflow is desired
        if (timeElapsed > 0 && _reserve0 != 0 && _reserve1 != 0) {
            // * never overflows, and + overflow is desired
            price0CumulativeLast += uint256(UQ112x112.encode(_reserve1).uqdiv(_reserve0)) * timeElapsed;
            price1CumulativeLast += uint256(UQ112x112.encode(_reserve0).uqdiv(_reserve1)) * timeElapsed;
        }
        reserve0 = uint112(balance0);
        reserve1 = uint112(balance1);
        blockTimestampLast = blockTimestamp;
        emit Sync(reserve0, reserve1);
    }

    // if fee is on, mint liquidity equivalent to 1/6th of the growth in sqrt(k)
    function _mintFee(uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1) private returns (bool feeOn) {
        address feeTo = IGoosebumpsFactory(factory).feeTo();
        feeOn = feeTo != address(0);
        uint256 _kLast = kLast; // gas savings
        if (feeOn) {
            if (_kLast != 0) {
                uint256 rootK = Math.sqrt(uint256(_reserve0) * _reserve1);
                uint256 rootKLast = Math.sqrt(_kLast);
                if (rootK > rootKLast) {
                    uint256 numerator = totalSupply * (rootK - rootKLast);
                    uint256 denominator = rootK * 5 + rootKLast;
                    uint256 liquidity = numerator / denominator;
                    if (liquidity > 0) _mint(feeTo, liquidity);
                }
            }
        } else if (_kLast != 0) {
            kLast = 0;
        }
    }

    // this low-level function should be called from a contract which performs important safety checks
    function mint(address to) external lock returns (uint256 liquidity) {
        (uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1,) = getReserves(); // gas savings
        uint256 balance0 = IERC20(token0).balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 balance1 = IERC20(token1).balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 amount0 = balance0 - _reserve0;
        uint256 amount1 = balance1 - _reserve1;

        bool feeOn = _mintFee(_reserve0, _reserve1);
        uint256 _totalSupply = totalSupply; // gas savings, must be defined here since totalSupply can update in _mintFee
        if (_totalSupply == 0) {
            liquidity = Math.sqrt(amount0 * amount1) - MINIMUM_LIQUIDITY;
            _mint(address(0), MINIMUM_LIQUIDITY); // permanently lock the first MINIMUM_LIQUIDITY tokens
        } else {
            liquidity = Math.min(amount0 * _totalSupply / _reserve0, amount1 * _totalSupply / _reserve1);
        }
        require(liquidity > 0, 'GoosebumpsPair: INSUFFICIENT_LIQUIDITY_MINTED');
        _mint(to, liquidity);

        _update(balance0, balance1, _reserve0, _reserve1);
        if (feeOn) kLast = uint256(reserve0) * reserve1; // reserve0 and reserve1 are up-to-date
        emit Mint(msg.sender, amount0, amount1);
    }

    // this low-level function should be called from a contract which performs important safety checks
    function burn(address to) external lock returns (uint256 amount0, uint256 amount1) {
        (uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1,) = getReserves(); // gas savings
        address _token0 = token0;                                // gas savings
        address _token1 = token1;                                // gas savings
        uint256 balance0 = IERC20(_token0).balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 balance1 = IERC20(_token1).balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 liquidity = balanceOf[address(this)];

        bool feeOn = _mintFee(_reserve0, _reserve1);
        uint256 _totalSupply = totalSupply; // gas savings, must be defined here since totalSupply can update in _mintFee
        amount0 = liquidity * balance0 / _totalSupply; // using balances ensures pro-rata distribution
        amount1 = liquidity * balance1 / _totalSupply; // using balances ensures pro-rata distribution
        require(amount0 > 0 && amount1 > 0, 'GoosebumpsPair: INSUFFICIENT_LIQUIDITY_BURNED');
        _burn(address(this), liquidity);
        _safeTransfer(_token0, to, amount0);
        _safeTransfer(_token1, to, amount1);
        balance0 = IERC20(_token0).balanceOf(address(this));
        balance1 = IERC20(_token1).balanceOf(address(this));

        _update(balance0, balance1, _reserve0, _reserve1);
        if (feeOn) kLast = uint256(reserve0) * reserve1; // reserve0 and reserve1 are up-to-date
        emit Burn(msg.sender, amount0, amount1, to);
    }

    // this low-level function should be called from a contract which performs important safety checks
    function swap(uint256 amount0Out, uint256 amount1Out, address to, bytes calldata data) external lock {
        require(amount0Out > 0 || amount1Out > 0, 'GoosebumpsPair: INSUFFICIENT_OUTPUT_AMOUNT');
        (uint112 _reserve0, uint112 _reserve1,) = getReserves(); // gas savings
        require(amount0Out < _reserve0 && amount1Out < _reserve1, 'GoosebumpsPair: INSUFFICIENT_LIQUIDITY');

        uint256 balance0;
        uint256 balance1;
        { // scope for _token{0,1}, avoids stack too deep errors
        address _token0 = token0;
        address _token1 = token1;
        require(to != _token0 && to != _token1, 'GoosebumpsPair: INVALID_TO');
        if (amount0Out > 0) _safeTransfer(_token0, to, amount0Out); // optimistically transfer tokens
        if (amount1Out > 0) _safeTransfer(_token1, to, amount1Out); // optimistically transfer tokens
        if (data.length > 0) IGoosebumpsCallee(to).goosebumpsCall(msg.sender, amount0Out, amount1Out, data);
        balance0 = IERC20(_token0).balanceOf(address(this));
        balance1 = IERC20(_token1).balanceOf(address(this));
        }
        uint256 amount0In = balance0 > _reserve0 - amount0Out ? balance0 - (_reserve0 - amount0Out) : 0;
        uint256 amount1In = balance1 > _reserve1 - amount1Out ? balance1 - (_reserve1 - amount1Out) : 0;
        require(amount0In > 0 || amount1In > 0, 'GoosebumpsPair: INSUFFICIENT_INPUT_AMOUNT');
        { // scope for reserve{0,1}Adjusted, avoids stack too deep errors
        uint256 balance0Adjusted = balance0 * 1000 - amount0In * 3;
        uint256 balance1Adjusted = balance1 * 1000 - amount1In * 3;
        require(balance0Adjusted * balance1Adjusted >= uint256(_reserve0) * _reserve1 * 1000**2, 'GoosebumpsPair: K');
        }

        _update(balance0, balance1, _reserve0, _reserve1);
        emit Swap(msg.sender, amount0In, amount1In, amount0Out, amount1Out, to);
    }

    // force balances to match reserves
    function skim(address to) external lock {
        address _token0 = token0; // gas savings
        address _token1 = token1; // gas savings
        _safeTransfer(_token0, to, IERC20(_token0).balanceOf(address(this)) - reserve0);
        _safeTransfer(_token1, to, IERC20(_token1).balanceOf(address(this)) - reserve1);
    }

    // force reserves to match balances
    function sync() external lock {
        _update(IERC20(token0).balanceOf(address(this)), IERC20(token1).balanceOf(address(this)), reserve0, reserve1);
    }
}