/**
 * ESM (ECMAScript Module) loader implementation
 */
import { BaseModuleLoader } from "./base-loader";
import type { ModuleFormat, LoadOptions } from "../types";
/**
 * Loader for ECMAScript Modules (ESM)
 */
export declare class ESMModuleLoader extends BaseModuleLoader {
    protected format: ModuleFormat;
    /**
     * Load an ESM module using dynamic import
     */
    loadModule<T = any>(url: string, options?: LoadOptions): Promise<T>;
    /**
     * Internal ESM loading implementation
     */
    private loadESMModule;
    /**
     * Normalize URL for ESM loading
     */
    private normalizeESMUrl;
    /**
     * Extract specific exports from loaded module
     */
    private extractModuleExports;
    /**
     * Check if ESM is supported in the current environment
     */
    static isSupported(): boolean;
    /**
     * Preload module by just resolving the import without caching
     */
    preloadModule(url: string): Promise<void>;
}
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