---
id: textarea
scope: theming
---

The `Textarea` component is a single part component. All of the styling is
applied directly to the textarea element.

> To learn more about styling single part components, visit the
> [Component Style](/docs/styled-system/component-style#styling-single-part-components)
> page.

## Theming properties

The properties that affect the theming of the `Textarea` component are:

- `variant`: The visual variant of the textarea. Defaults to `outline`.
- `size`: The size of the textarea. Defaults to `md`.

## Theming utilities

- `defineStyle`: a function used to create style objects.
- `defineStyleConfig`: a function used to define the style configuration for a
  single part component.

```jsx live=false
import { defineStyle, defineStyleConfig } from '@chakra-ui/react'
```

## Customizing the default theme

```jsx live=false
import { defineStyle, defineStyleConfig } from '@chakra-ui/react'

const outline = defineStyle({
  border: '2px dashed', // change the appearance of the border
  borderRadius: 0, // remove the border radius
  fontWeight: 'semibold', // change the font weight
})

export const textareaTheme = defineStyleConfig({
  variants: { outline },
})
```

After the customization of the textarea theme, we can import it in our theme
file and add it in the `components` property:

```jsx live=false
import { extendTheme } from '@chakra-ui/react'
import { textareaTheme } from './components/textarea'

export const theme = extendTheme({
  components: { Textarea: textareaTheme },
})
```

## Adding a custom size

Let's assume you want to add a custom size of your textarea. Here's how we can
do that:

```jsx live=false
import { defineStyle, defineStyleConfig } from '@chakra-ui/react'

const xl = defineStyle({
  fontSize: 'xl',
  px: '6',
  h: '16',
  borderRadius: 'md',
})

export const textareaTheme = defineStyleConfig({
  sizes: { xl },
})

// Now we can use the new `xl` size
<Textarea size="xl">...</Textarea>
```

Every time you're adding anything new to the theme, you'd need to run the CLI
command to get proper autocomplete in your IDE. You can learn more about the CLI
tool [here](/docs/styled-system/cli).

## Adding a custom variant

Let's assume we want to include a custom branded variant. Here's how we can do
that:

```jsx live=false
import { defineStyle, defineStyleConfig } from '@chakra-ui/react'

const brandPrimary = defineStyle({
  background: 'orange.500',
  color: 'white',
  fontFamily: 'serif',
  fontWeight: 'normal',

  // let's also provide dark mode alternatives
  _dark: {
    background: 'orange.300',
    color: 'orange.800',
  }
})

export const textareaTheme = defineStyleConfig({
  variants: { brandPrimary },
})

// Now we can use the new `brandPrimary` variant
<Textarea variant="brandPrimary">...</Textarea>
```

## Changing the default properties

Let's assume we want to change the default size or variant of every textarea in
our app. Here's how we can do that:

```jsx live=false
import { defineStyleConfig } from '@chakra-ui/react'

export const textareaTheme = defineStyleConfig({
  defaultProps: {
    size: 'lg',
    variant: 'outline',
    colorScheme: 'brand',
  },
})

// This saves you time, instead of manually setting the size and
// variant every time you use the textarea component:
<Textarea size="lg" variant="outline">...</Textarea>
```

## Showcase

import {
  App,
  Index,
  TextareaTheme,
} from 'configs/sandpack-contents/component-theming/textarea'

<SandpackEmbed
  files={{
    '/theme/components/Textarea.ts': TextareaTheme,
    '/App.tsx': App,
    '/index.tsx': {
      code: Index,
      hidden: true,
    },
  }}
  dependencies={{
    'react-icons': '^4.4.0',
  }}
/>